万物简史 第123期:势不两立的科学(24)

 Cope was born more directly into privilege—his father was a rich Philadelphia businessman—and was by far the more adventurous¹ of the two. In the summer of 1876 in Montana while George Armstrong Custer and his troops were being cut down at Little Big Horn, Cope was out hunting for bones nearby. When it was pointed² out to him that this was probably not the most prudent³ time to be taking treasures from Indian lands, Cope thought for a minute and decided⁴ to press on anyway. He was having too good a season. At one point he ran into a party of suspicious Crow Indians, but he managed to win them over by repeatedly taking out and replacing his false teeth.

柯普生于一个特权家庭——他的父亲是费城一位有钱的商人——比马什更富有冒险精神，1876年夏天，在蒙大拿州，当乔治·阿姆斯特朗·卡斯特和他的部队在小比格角被消灭的时候，柯普还在附近找骨头。有人提醒他，这时候来印第安人领地取宝，很可能是很不明智的。他想了片刻，决定继续往下干。他的收获太大了。有一次，他遇上了几个疑心重重的克劳族印第安人，但他不停地取下和装上他的假牙，赢得了他们的信任。

For a decade or so, Marsh⁵ and Cope's mutual⁶ dislike primarily took the form of quiet sniping, but in 1877 it erupted into grandiose⁷ dimensions. In that year a Colorado schoolteacher named Arthur Lakes found bones near Morrison while out hiking with a friend. Recognizing the bones as coming from a "gigantic saurian," Lakes thoughtfully dispatched some samples to both Marsh and Cope. A delighted Cope sent Lakes a hundred dollars for his trouble and asked him not to tell anyone of his discovery, especially Marsh. Confused, Lakes now asked Marsh to pass the bones on to Cope. Marsh did so, but it was an affront⁸ that he would never forget.

有10年左右的时间，马什和柯普之间的敌对关系主要以暗斗的形式出现，但到了1877年，暗斗突然变成了大规模的冲突。那年，一位名叫阿瑟·莱克斯的科罗拉多州小学老师和他的一位朋友出门徒步旅行，在莫里森附近发现了几根骨头。莱克斯认为那些骨头属于一条“巨蜥”；他想得很周到，把一些样品寄给了马什和柯普两个人。柯普很高兴，给莱克斯寄了100美元作为报酬，吩咐他不要把他的发现告诉任何人，尤其不要告诉马什。莱克斯不大明白，便请马什把骨头转交给柯普。马什这么做了，但遭到了一番他永生难忘的羞辱。

1 adventurous   

adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的　

参考例句：

• I was filled with envy at their adventurous lifestyle.我很羨慕他们敢于冒险的生活方式。
• He was predestined to lead an adventurous life.他注定要过冒险的生活。

2 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

3 prudent   

adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的

参考例句：

• A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
• You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。

4 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

5 marsh   

n.沼泽，湿地

参考例句：

• There are a lot of frogs in the marsh.沼泽里有许多青蛙。
• I made my way slowly out of the marsh.我缓慢地走出这片沼泽地。

6 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

7 grandiose   

adj.宏伟的，宏大的，堂皇的，铺张的

参考例句：

• His grandiose manner impressed those who met him for the first time.他那种夸大的举止给第一次遇见他的人留下了深刻的印象。
• As the fog vanished,a grandiose landscape unfolded before the tourists.雾气散去之后，一幅壮丽的景观展现在游客面前。

8 affront   

n./v.侮辱，触怒

参考例句：

• Your behaviour is an affront to public decency.你的行为有伤风化。
• This remark caused affront to many people.这句话得罪了不少人。