托福口语练习 解释说明保护色的概念

Using the examples of the peanut bug¹ and the morpho butterfly, explain the concept of revealing coloration.

请以花生蝽和大闪蝶为例，解释说明保护色的概念。

Read the passage about Revealing Coloration from a Biology textbook.

请阅读这篇选自生物学课本的关于保护色的文章。

You have 45 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.

你有45秒的时间阅读文章内容。现在开始计时。

Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.

请听生物课上的部分内容。

There's a large tropical insect called the Peanut Bug.

有一种很大的热带昆虫，叫做花生蝽。

Yes, like the peanuts that you eat.

对，就像你吃的花生一样。

Um, and the Peanut Bugs²' front wings are colored so that they blend in with their surroundings.

这种花生蝽前翅是有颜色的，所以它们能和周围的环境融为一体。

But its back wings, which are usually closed and hidden, have these bright colorful spots on them.

不过它的后翅通常都是收拢并隐藏起来的，在后翅上有许多颜色鲜明的斑点。

And when the Peanut Bugs are attacked, it suddenly opens its back wings and out pop these bright colors.

当花生蝽受到攻击时，它会突然张开后翅，亮出那些鲜明的颜色。

And that surprises the predator³ and gives the Peanut Bug a chance to get away.

这种行为会让进攻者吓一跳，给花生蝽争取到逃跑的机会。

Um, then you have a butterfly called the morpho butterfly.

另一个例子就是一种叫做大闪蝶的蝴蝶。

And parts of the morpho butterfly's wings are very shiny. They reflect a lot of sunlight.

大闪蝶翅膀上有些部分非常耀眼，能够折射大量阳光。

When this butterfly is resting, this shiny part of its wings is hidden.

这种蝴蝶休息的时候，其翅膀上耀眼的部分就会隐藏起来。

Now morpho butterflies are often attacked by birds.

大闪蝶经常会被鸟类攻击。

So when a bird approaches, the morpho flies away.

所以一旦有鸟类接近，它们就会飞走。

And when the morpho flaps its wings, all the bird can see are flashes of light reflected from the morpho's wings.

大闪蝶拍打翅膀时，鸟类只能看见从蝴蝶翅膀上折射出的一缕缕光线。

Those flashes of light make it very difficult for the bird to follow the morpho.

这些光线使得鸟类很难跟上大闪蝶。

And the morpho is usually able to get away.

所以大闪蝶通常都能逃脱。

1 bug   

n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器

参考例句：

• There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
• The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。

2 bugs   

adj.疯狂的，发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 )；病菌；虫子；[计算机]（制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的）错误

参考例句：

• All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞，都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 predator   

n.捕食其它动物的动物；捕食者

参考例句：

• The final part of this chapter was devoted to a brief summary of predator species.本章最后部分简要总结了食肉动物。
• Komodo dragon is the largest living lizard and a fearsome predator.科摩多龙是目前存在的最大蜥蜴，它是一种令人恐惧的捕食性动物。