【突破英文词汇】up -- up, upward 上；向上

1. upheaval¹ /ʌpˈhi:vəl/

-- violent heaving up; commotion²; extreme agitation³

The prime minister's proposal for new taxes created such an upheaval that his government fell.

首相新税制的计划造成如此大的混乱，以致于他的政府倒台了。

 

 

2. upkeep /ˈʌpˌki:p/

-- maintenance ("keeping up"); cost of operating and repairing

Our neighbor traded in his old car because the upkeep had become to high.

我们邻居用旧车折价买了辆新车，因为汽车保养费已变得太昂贵了。

 

 

3. upstart /ˈʌpˌstɑ:t/

-- person who has suddenly risen to wealth and power, especially if he is conceited⁴ and unpleasant

When the new representative entered the legislature, some older members received him coldly because they regarded him as an upstart.

当新代表进入议会，一些老议员们表现冷淡，因为他们认为他是一个突然发迹者。

 

 

4. upturn⁵ /ˈʌpˌtɜ:n/

-- upward turn toward better conditions

Most merchants report a slowdown in sales for October, but confidently expect an upturn with the approach of Christmas.

大多数商人报告说10月份销量骤减，但很自信地预料情况将会随着圣诞节的来临而好转。

 

 

5. update /ʌpˈdeit/

-- bring up to date

Our world geography teacher has just received an updated map that shows the latest national boundaries.

我们的世界地理老师刚收到一份最新的地图，它标出了最新的国界。

 

 

6. upgrade /ˌʌpˈɡreid/

-- raise the grade or quality of; improve

To qualify for better jobs, many employees attend evening courses where they can upgrade their skills.

为了能胜任更好的工作，许多员工参加夜校来提高他们的工作技能。

 

 

7. uproot⁶ /ʌpˈru:t/

-- pull up by the roots; remove completely; eradicate⁷; destroy

The love of liberty is so firmly embedded⁸ in men's heart that no tyrant⁹ can hope to uproot it.

对自由的热爱如此深入人心，以致于没有任何暴君能根除它。

 

 

8. upcoming /ˈʌpˌkʌmɪŋ/

-- coming up; being in the near future; forthcoming; approaching

The management will be glad to mail you its leaflet which contains news of upcoming films.

公司会很乐意把它的传单寄给你，里面包括了最近的电影影讯。

 

 

9. upright /ˈʌprait/

-- standing¹⁰ up straight on the feet; erect¹¹

When knocked off his feet, the boxer¹² waited till the count of nine before returning to an upright position.

拳击手被击倒了，他在数到九后又重新站了起来。（站立的）

1 upheaval   

n.胀起，(地壳)的隆起；剧变，动乱

参考例句：

• It was faced with the greatest social upheaval since World War Ⅱ.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。
• The country has been thrown into an upheaval.这个国家已经陷入动乱之中。

2 commotion   

n.骚动，动乱

参考例句：

• They made a commotion by yelling at each other in the theatre.他们在剧院里相互争吵，引起了一阵骚乱。
• Suddenly the whole street was in commotion.突然间，整条街道变得一片混乱。

3 agitation   

n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动

参考例句：

• Small shopkeepers carried on a long agitation against the big department stores.小店主们长期以来一直在煽动人们反对大型百货商店。
• These materials require constant agitation to keep them in suspension.这些药剂要经常搅动以保持悬浮状态。

4 conceited   

adj.自负的，骄傲自满的

参考例句：

• He could not bear that they should be so conceited.他们这样自高自大他受不了。
• I'm not as conceited as so many people seem to think.我不像很多人认为的那么自负。

5 upturn   

n.情况好转

参考例句：

• Experts have forecast an upturn in the stock market.专家已预测股票市场价格有上升趋势。
• The economy is experiencing an upturn.经济正在好转。

6 uproot   

v.连根拔起，拔除；根除，灭绝；赶出家园，被迫移开

参考例句：

• The family decided to uproot themselves and emigrate to Australia.他们全家决定离开故土，移居澳大利亚。
• The trunk of an elephant is powerful enough to uproot trees.大象的长鼻强壮得足以将树木连根拔起。

7 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

8 embedded   

a.扎牢的

参考例句：

• an operation to remove glass that was embedded in his leg 取出扎入他腿部玻璃的手术
• He has embedded his name in the minds of millions of people. 他的名字铭刻在数百万人民心中。

9 tyrant   

n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人

参考例句：

• The country was ruled by a despotic tyrant.该国处在一个专制暴君的统治之下。
• The tyrant was deaf to the entreaties of the slaves.暴君听不到奴隶们的哀鸣。

10 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

11 erect   

n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的

参考例句：

• She held her head erect and her back straight.她昂着头，把背挺得笔直。
• Soldiers are trained to stand erect.士兵们训练站得笔直。

12 boxer   

n.制箱者，拳击手

参考例句：

• The boxer gave his opponent a punch on the nose.这个拳击手朝他对手的鼻子上猛击一拳。
• He moved lightly on his toes like a boxer.他像拳击手一样踮着脚轻盈移动。