美国习惯用语-第865:foregone conclusion

 　　昨天我去看了我好朋友的篮球比赛。虽然我很希望他赢，不过我也知道，他所在的球队处于弱势，如果没有奇迹出现的话，他们输定了。果不其然，他们以大比分败北。这也让我想到一个习惯用语。那就是: foregone conclusion.

　　Foregone，的意思是先前的、预知的，而conclusion，结果。Foregone conclusion， 意思就是"注定的结果， 不可避免的结果"。

　　上面的例子就是这样。It's obvious that my friend's team was the underdog. It was a foregone conclusion that they'd lose the game. 我朋友的球队显然不是对手，在比赛中失利是不可避免的。在下面的例子里，我们要去看看一个公司里的员工如何讨论谁会升职。

　　例句-1：Susanna had worked as the assistant manager in the store for three years. When the boss decided¹ to take a job with another company, most of us assumed Susanna would be getting a promotion². It seemed a foregone conclusion. But our predictions were wrong. A new manager with more experience was hired instead.

　　这段话是说: 苏珊娜当了三年副经理。老板接受另一份工作决定辞职后，我们很多人都认为苏珊娜一定会得到晋升。这看起来是注定的结果了。不过我们都猜错了。公司雇了一名更有经验的经理人。

　　这世界上的事情谁能百分之百打保票呢？就拿我经常去光顾的一家餐厅来说，那里的服务员几个月前告诉我，餐厅可能要关门了，因为老板得了重病。They were sure the restaurant had to close down. It seems like a foregone conclusion.

　　可是前两天我去订pizza的时候，他们告诉我，老板手术成功，迅速康复，餐厅会继续开下去？这真是个好消息！

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　　美国历史上的南北战争人尽皆知。这次战争以北方取胜告终，结束了奴隶制，是美国历史的里程碑之一。

　　有些历史学家认为北方显然会获胜，可是有些历史学家则认为双方势均力敌。我们一起去听听他们不同的见解。

　　例句-2：Some historians³ believe that the American Civil War was far from a foregone conclusion. In their view, it wasn't clear at all that the North was going to beat the South. It's true that the North had a larger population and greater resources. But, they argue, the South had the advantage of fighting on their own soil. And they had the most experienced generals.

　　这段话是说：一些历史学家认为当时美国内战的结果并不是板上定钉的事。在他们看来，北方并不一定能打败南方。的确，北方拥有更多的人力和资源。但是他们认为，南方拥有主场优势。而且他们有经验更加丰富的将军。

　　历史是个值得讨论的话题。每个人看相同的问题都会得出不同的结论。各种战争，选举，都可能出现出人意料的结果。就比如今年的总统大选，鹿死谁手，还很难讲。Who will win the presidential election this year is far from a foregone conclusion.

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

3 historians   

n.历史学家，史学工作者( historian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Historians seem to have confused the chronology of these events. 历史学家好像把这些事件发生的年代顺序搞混了。
• Historians have concurred with each other in this view. 历史学家在这个观点上已取得一致意见。