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　　随着银行业危机的加剧，欧洲各地的焦虑情绪与日俱增。星期二，欧洲市场再度出现紧张局面。

　　While financial jitters³ were felt right across Europe Tuesday, European stocks generally posted moderate gains on hopes that central banks will cut interest rates soon.

　　星期二，金融震荡持续在欧洲各地发酵。不过，由于市场预计各国央行有望在近期降息，欧洲股市大体上出现小幅上扬。

　　Also improving the mood slightly, a decision by European Union finance ministers to guarantee bank deposits up to $68,000.

　　此外，欧盟财长决定把银行存款担保提高到6万8千美元的消息也令市场信心略有改善。

　　But for the second day in a row, banking stocks in particular faced a rough ride.

　　不过，在欧洲股市上，金融股连续第二天遭遇困境。

　　In Britain, the Royal Bank of Scotland shed around 40 percent of its value at one stage. At issue were questions over the institution's liquidity⁴ and solvency⁵.

　　在英国，苏格兰皇家银行股票一度下跌40%，主要由于该银行的流动性和偿付能力受到质疑。

　　Britain is typical of European countries facing a tough financial storm. Mark Saunders, the chief U.K. economist⁶ at Citigroup says the effects of the problem will take time to resolve and it will require a multiple approach.

　　英国是欧洲国家遭遇金融风暴的典型。花旗集团首席英国经济师马克.桑德斯说，消除这一波金融危机的影响需要时间，同时也需要从多方面着手。

　　"Getting out of this is going to be a mix of pain in the financial sector⁷ but also a lot of pain in the real economy," he said. "That is why the measures to get us out, it is not just any one single thing. It a mix of public sector recapitalization of the banks, emergency liquidity support for the banks and lower interest rates for the economy."

　　他说：“摆脱这轮危机不仅对于金融行业来说意味着很多痛苦，对于实体经济来说也是如此。所以，解决的办法不能是单一的，而一定是公共部门为银行注资，向银行提供紧急流动性支持，以及降低利率等多种措施的组合。”

　　In Iceland, the board of directors of Landsbanki, the country's second largest bank, has been dismissed and the institution placed into receivership. The country is also negotiating a $5.4 billion loan from Russia to shore up the nation's finances as it faces a severe financial crisis.

　　冰岛第二大银行LANDSBANKI的董事会已经被解散，该银行已经被政府接管。同时，为了应对危机，冰岛正在和俄罗斯谈判，希望从那里获得一笔54亿美元的贷款。

　　John Danielson from the London School of Economics says the country is facing the toughest financial strains seen in generations.

　　伦敦经济学院的约翰.丹尼尔森说，冰岛现在经历的是过去几十年来最严重的金融危机。

　　"Iceland is clearly facing the worst depression since the Great Depression and things are absolutely catastrophic in Iceland," he said. "With the failures due partly on the banking system, it more due to the fact that consumers and companies borrowed in foreign currencies to finance car loans and houses. When the currency drops 50 percent, people are finding themselves 50, 60, 70 percent in negative equity⁸."

　　他说：“很明显，冰岛经历的是自从大萧条以来最严重的经济困境。冰岛的情形是灾难性的。这个失败一部分是由于银行系统，更大的原因是消费者和企业用外币贷款来为购买汽车和住房融资。当冰岛克郎贬值50%的时候，人们发现自己陷入了百分之50、60、甚至是70的负资产。”

　　Elsewhere, Russia announced an aid package for its own banks amounting to $36.4 billion of new credit. The move has come after Russian stocks suffered their worst pounding ever in trading on Monday.

　　在其它国家方面，俄罗斯宣布对本国银行提供364亿美元的新贷款。这个决定出台之前，俄罗斯股市星期一遭受了有史以来最大幅度的下跌。

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