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美国就业情况改善

The U.S. economy exceeded expectations again, adding 195,000 jobs in June. The Bureau of Labor¹ Statistics said companies also hired more workers in April and May than originally reported - meaning the economy has now added more than 200,000 jobs per month since the start of the year. But despite the steady job growth, the nation’s unemployment rate remains² high.

美国经济再次超过预期，6月份新增了19万5000个就业机会。劳工统计局说，美国公司4月份和5月份雇佣的员工人数也超过了原先报告的数量，也就是说，从今年1月1号起，每月增加20万个就业机会。不过，尽管就业机会稳步增加，全国的失业率仍然相当高。

The retail³ and hospitality industry saw the biggest job gains last month, followed by health care and professional services. But while the pace of job growth has been steady - economic blogger Chris Martenson says many of the new jobs involve part time work.

上个月，零售和服务行业的就业增长最多，随后是医疗和专业性服务。虽然就业增加速度稳步上升，可是经济议题博主克里斯?玛腾松说，很多新工作不是全日工。

Martenson runs Peakprosperity.com. He spoke⁴ to VOA via Skype.

克里斯?玛腾松是Peakprosperity.com网站的主人，他通过SKYPE对VOA说：

“Honestly, I want to see the part-time numbers falling, I want to see hours per week climbing, I want to see average hourly, weekly earnings⁵ climbing much faster than they currently are for me to say - yeah, this is good,” he said.

老实说，我希望非全日工数量下降，我希望每周工作小时增加，我希望每小时和每周的平均工资比现在上涨幅快得多，这样我才可以说，经济好转了。”

Despite better than expected job numbers, the nation’s unemployment rate remained unchanged at 7.6 percent as more Americans resumed their job search. Martenson said stubbornly high unemployment means the U.S. Federal Reserve’s policy of Quantitative⁶ Easing is likely to stay - at least for now.

尽管就业机会超过预期，可是全国的失业率仍然保持在百分之7.6，更多的美国人重新开始找工作。玛腾松说，失业率高意味着美国联邦储备局很可能会继续采取量化宽松政策，至少目前不会改变。

“The unemployment rate from the household data - that didn’t change. So guess what? QE [efforts to stimulate⁷ the economy] gets to continue, because the Fed has linked cessation of QE to change in this [unemployment] number," said Martenson.

玛腾松说 “根据对家庭的调查，失业率没有改变，所以你猜怎样？量化宽松政策会继续下去，因为联邦政府把取消这个政策和失业率联系在一起。”

The Federal Reserve has been buying $85 billion in Treasury⁸ bonds and mortgage-backed securities every month in an effort to keep long term interest rates low. Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke says the central bank could start reducing its purchases as the jobless rate declines.

为了保持长期贷款利率的低水平，美联储每月购买850亿美元的国债和抵押贷款证券。美联储主席伯南克说，一旦失业率减少，中央银行会开始减少购买债券。

Some say that could happen sooner rather than later.

有人说，央行可能会比预期的提前减少购买债券。

On Skype, finance expert James Blake said that job growth is likely to pick up in the second half of the year.

金融专家詹姆斯?布莱克通过SKYPE对VOA说，下半年的就业增长率可能会加快。

“I think there’s a lot of positive signs in the economy going forward. Will it become robust⁹? Not in the near term, but I think some steady moderate growth we will see,” said Blake.

詹姆斯?布莱克，金融专家说：“我认为，未来的经济发展有很多积极迹象，经济是否会强大？我想近期内不会，可是我们会看到平稳的温和增长。”

Many businesses remain cautious. The report shows further job losses in manufacturing and government. And despite a steadily¹⁰ improving job market, the Labor Department says 11.8 million Americans are still unemployed¹¹ - virtually unchanged since February.

很多商业人士保持谨慎态度。报告显示，制造业和政府的工作会减少，虽然就业市场在稳步改善，可是劳工部说，仍然有1180万美国人失业，和2月份没有实质差别。