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中情局与参议院之争的海外影响

The recently-exposed dispute between the U.S. Senate Intelligence Committee and the CIA is causing a stir in Washington. Some analysts¹ say, though, it may not have much impact on U.S. intelligence operations overseas.

最近曝光的美国国会参议院情报委员会与中央情报局之间的争议在华盛顿引起动荡，但可能不会对美国在海外的情报活动带来大的影响。

"I have grave concerns that the CIA's search may well have violated the separation of powers principles embodied² in the United States Constitution," said Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Dianne Feinstein, who made news recently when she alleged³ that the CIA had monitored committee staff members who were investigating the agency.

参议院情报委员会主席范斯坦说: “我非常担心，中央情报局的搜查很可能违反了美国宪法所规定的三权分立原则。” 参议院情报委员会主席范斯坦指责中央情报局曾监视对该局进行调查的情报委员会成员。范斯坦的这番话引起媒体的关注。

In 2009, the spy agency let the staffers use its computers to review top secret documents on the CIA's interrogation and detention⁴ of terror suspects during the George W. Bush administration. The CIA said the employees had taken documents they were not meant to have.

2009年，中情局让其工作人员使用中情局电脑查阅布什政府期间中情局对疑似恐怖分子进行讯问和拘留的最高机密文件。中情局说，这些雇员获得了他们本不应得到的文件。

Feinstein said the agency then withdrew access to those documents.

范斯坦说，中情局后来对相关雇员封锁了那些文件

Differing accounts

CIA Director John Brennan denied that any hacking⁵ occurred. "I think a lot of people who are claiming that there has been this tremendous sort of spying, monitoring and hacking, will be proved wrong."

中情局举证布伦南否认发生过任何非法进入的情况。中央情报局局长布伦南说: “很多人宣称存在大量这类间谍、监视和黑客行动，我想事实将证明他们的说法是错误的。”

President Barack Obama has called for the public release of the committee's classified report on the interrogation program, which lawmakers say details the CIA's use of waterboarding and other harsh techniques during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.

奥巴马总统要求公开情报委员会关于讯问项目的秘密报告。国会议员说，这些报告详细记录了中情局在伊拉克和阿富汗战争期间对讯问对象使用水刑和其他残酷手法的情况。

Professor Henry Farrell, at George Washington University, said that could damage the CIA's image abroad. "But I think, at the very least, we're going to see some embarrassment⁶ for the United States, when some of the stuff that the CIA was, in fact, doing in the first years after September 11th are revealed publicly, and that's going to, I think, be quite controversial in other countries," he said.

乔治华盛顿大学教授法雷尔说，公开秘密报告会损害中情局在海外的形象。他说: “我认为，如果把中央情报局在9/11过后第一年里做的一些事情公开，而那些做法在其他国家又很有争议，至少会让美国有些尴尬。”

Farrell said world leaders are not likely to be concerned, however, about the dispute between the Senate and the CIA.

不过，法雷尔教授说，世界领导人不大可能那么关注美国国会参议院和中情局间的争议。

"It's probably not going to have all that much of a disruptive impact, because the people who are cooperating with each other are exactly the kinds of people who are not going to be particularly concerned or fussed about this in the first place," he said.

法雷尔说: “可能不会有多少破坏性影响，因为现在相互合作的人恰恰是那些原本就特别不担心或计较这种做法的人。”

Strong relationships

Mark Lowenthal agrees. He's a retired⁷ intelligence officer and president of the Intelligence and Security Academy.

退休情报官、情报与安全学会会长洛温索尔同意法雷尔的看法。

"All the countries with whom we work know that we have a congressional oversight⁸ system, and that certain materials are given to the House and Senate as part of their oversight. So the fact that this is going on is probably not going to be news to anybody, and so I don't think it will affect those relationships."

洛温索尔说: “所有我们与之合作的国家都知道我们有一个国会监督体制，作为这种体制的一部分，一些材料是要提交给国会参众两院的。因此，目前这种情况对任何人可能都不是什么新东西。所以我不认为那些关系会受到影响。”

Lowenthal said the dispute actually may be a good advertisement for the American system of government. "This is how you run a secret intelligence community in a democracy, that there are rules, and there's give-and-take, and that the intelligence community is not just doing things on their own."

洛温索尔说，这些争议实际上还可能是对美国政府制度的一种很好宣传。他说:“这是一个民主国家管理情报机构的方式，有规章制度，有取有舍，情报机构不是愿怎么做就怎么做。”

Republicans could take the Senate majority in the November election, and with it, chairmanship of the Intelligence Committee. They have shown no signs of wanting to make the report public.

共和党人在今年11月的选举中可能获得参议院多数，从而接任情报委员会主席。现在没有任何迹象显示他们希望将报告公开。