外贸英语话题王 第129期:通关手续

 　　What are you planning to do after your graduation from college? 大学毕业了之后你打算做什么工作啊？

　　Professor Wang, to be honest I do not have interests in my major now.  王老师，老实说，我不喜欢我目前的专业，

　　I am quite interested in knowledge about customs.  我对海关的知识非常感兴趣。

　　I prefer to become a civil servant in the customs field.  毕业之后我更想成为一名海关部门的公务员。

　　That's why I came to your lecture. 这也是我来上您的课的原因。

　　That's a fantastic idea.  这个想法很不错啊。

　　To be a civil servant is very lofty and you can make your contribution to the country as well as the people. 当公务员是非常圣神的，你可以为国家和人民做出你自己的贡献。

　　Thank you. But I am just interested in it.  谢谢老师，但是我只是感兴趣而已，

　　Actually I have little knowledge about this field.  对海关的知识却是知之甚少。

　　Could you supervise me a little bit? 您能稍微指导我一下吗 ？

　　Of course. I'd love to. What exactly would you like to know? 当然可以，我非常乐意。你想了解些什么呢？

　　I am especially keen on the customs clearance¹.  我对海关通关尤其感兴趣，

　　Could you please first tell me the definition of customs clearance? 首先您能给我讲讲通关的概念吗？

　　Yes, sure. It refers to the act that the people in charge of the inbound or outbound vehicles. 当然可以。海关对发货商呈交的单证和申请进出口货物、

　　consignors and their agents or the owners of the items make a declaration to the customs about applying for the formalities for their import, export cargoes³ or items.  物品依法进行审核、查验、征收税费、批准进出口的全过程。

　　And it also refers to the whole process in which the customs officers audit⁴, inspect, collect duty, approve import or export of the documents and the cargo² provided by the consignors. 通关是指进出境运输工具的负责人、货物收发货人及其代理人、物品的所有人向海关申请办理进出口货物、物品手续。

　　That's the account for it. Then what are the official formalities in terms of customs clearance? 原来如此啊。那么，海关通关的官方手续都有哪些啊？

　　The inbound or outbound passengers have to enter or depart from the place where a customs office is located  进出境旅客行李物品必须通过设有海关的地点进境或出境，

　　so that their personal possessions and belongings⁵ can be supervised and managed by the customs office.  接受海关监管。

　　Passengers ought to make declaration in accordance with the regulations.  旅客应按规定向海关申报。

　　Except for the exemptions⁶ from inspections⁷, the personal possessions and  belongings of passengers must be examined and released by the Customs.  除法规规定免验者外，进出境旅客行李物品应交由海关规定查验放行，

　　Passengers who bring articles which have to be declared ought to hand in the China Customs Declaration Form for Incoming Outgoing  旅客进出境携有需向海关申报的物品，应在申报台前向海递交 《中华人民共和国海关进出境旅游行李物品申报单》

　　Passengers or the declaration document the customs specifies⁸ to the declaration counter. 或海关规定的申报单证，按规定如实申报其行李物品，报请海关办理物品进境或出境手续。

　　Amazing. There are so many regulations and stipulations. 真是不可思议、竟然有这么多的规章制度，

　　I never thought it that way before. 我以前从来没有想过，

　　It seems that being a customs officer is not an easy task.  看来当一名海关部门的公务员可不是一件容易的差事，

　　It is very challenging.  是很有挑战性的。

　　I must study harder to make myself qualified⁹ for the post.  我必须更加努力才使白已有资格成为一名合格的海关公务员。

　　Then I have one more question.  我还有一个问题，

　　On what basic principle is it based for customs officers to inspect the passengers' luggage and articles? 海关官员是基于什么样的基本原则来对旅客的行李物品进行检查的呢？

　　The basic principle the customs uses to examine the luggage and arlicles of the passengers  海关验收进出境旅客行李物品，

　　is for personal use and in reasonable quantities, to stipulate¹⁰ different scope and different duty limitations for difterent passengers' belongings. 以自用合理数量为原则，对不同类型的旅客行李物品规定不同的范嗣和征收税限量或限值。

　　I get it. Thank you so much.  我明白了，非常感谢您王老师。

　　I understand that there is still a long way for me to go if I want to become a competent civil servant in the customs. 我明白了一点，我要想成为一名合格的海关公务员还有很多知识要学习。

　　I can see that you are a very promising¹¹ student.  你是个很有前途的学生。

　　I have full confidence in you that you will make your dream come true. 我很看好你，你的梦想也一定会实现的。

1 clearance   

n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理

参考例句：

• There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。
• The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。

2 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

3 cargoes   

n.（船或飞机装载的）货物( cargo的名词复数 )；大量，重负

参考例句：

• This ship embarked cargoes. 这艘船装载货物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The crew lashed cargoes of timber down. 全体船员将木材绑牢。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 audit   

v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听

参考例句：

• Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核，以确保其真实无误。
• As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样，年度审计将在十二月份进行。

5 belongings   

n.私人物品，私人财物

参考例句：

• I put a few personal belongings in a bag.我把几件私人物品装进包中。
• Your personal belongings are not dutiable.个人物品不用纳税。

6 exemptions   

n.（义务等的）免除( exemption的名词复数 )；免（税）；（收入中的）免税额

参考例句：

• The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答：该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网

7 inspections   

n.检查( inspection的名词复数 )；检验；视察；检阅

参考例句：

• Regular inspections are carried out at the prison. 经常有人来视察这座监狱。
• Government inspections ensure a high degree of uniformity in the standard of service. 政府检查确保了在服务标准方面的高度一致。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 specifies   

v.指定( specify的第三人称单数 )；详述；提出…的条件；使具有特性

参考例句：

• The third clause of the contract specifies steel sashes for the windows. 合同的第三款指定使用钢窗。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The contract specifies red tiles, not slates, for the roof. 合同规定屋顶用红瓦，并非石板瓦。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 qualified   

adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的

参考例句：

• He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
• We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。

10 stipulate   

vt.规定，（作为条件）讲定，保证

参考例句：

• International rules stipulate the number of foreign entrants.国际规则规定了外国参赛者的人数。
• Some manufacturers stipulate the price at which their goods are to be sold.有些制造商规定出售他们生产的商品的价格。

11 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。