英语听力精选进阶版 7392

The Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak has resigned after more than two weeks of growing protests against him across the country. The news was greeted with a massive outburst of joy and riot celebration by hundreds of thousands of people in Tahrir Square in Cairo, the heart of the demonstrations¹. This woman was delighted that the protesters achieved their goal without having to resort to violence.

埃及全国各地反对穆巴拉克的抗议活动不断扩大，两周多之后，穆巴拉克终于辞职。消息传出后，示威活动的中心，开罗解放广场数万人爆发出欢呼和庆祝的声音。这名女子表示非常高兴，抗议者没有诉诸暴力就达到了自己想要的目标。

"Well, we're just very, very, very, very happy about this, and really happy that we're able to do it peacefully. This is probably the first Middle East or Arab revolution that happened with no violence, although it started with some violence. But we've proved that. We're here peacefully. We're just asking for basic human rights, and it shows you that determination gets you what you want, and we're really looking forward to a really bright future in the country."

“我们非常非常高兴，非常高兴能够和平地达到这个目标。这或许是中东地区或阿拉伯世界第一次没有发生暴力的革命，尽管最初发生了一些暴力事件。但是我们已经证明，我们和平地完成了任务。我们只是要求基本的人权，这次抗议活动表明，只要有决心，就一定能够达到想要的目标，我们非常期待埃及拥有一个光明的未来。”

Mr Mubarak's powers will be taken over by the Supreme² Council of the Armed Forces. It said it understood the people's demand for a radical³ change. But with the civilian⁴ leadership sidelined, a BBC correspondent in Cairo says the situation looks very much like a military coup⁵. However, the Egyptian opposition⁶ figure Mohamed ElBaradei said he believes the army is just taking over to ensure a smooth transition.

穆巴拉克的权利将由埃及武装部队最高委员会接管。该委员会表示，他们能够理解民众对根本性的变革的要求。但是由于平民领袖退出，BBC驻开罗一名记者表示，目前的形势看上去更像一场军事政变。然而，埃及反对派人物穆罕默德·巴拉迪(Mohamed ElBaradei)表示，他相信军方接管政权是为了确保权利的顺利移交。

"In the mess we were to end in the last two and three weeks, I in fact ask today for the army intervention⁷. This is a state of emergency. I think the army has had the duty to come to save Egypt from going down the drain, but it doesn't mean that they are there forever. They are there with these people to help to ensure stability."

“在过去两三周刚刚结束的混乱中，我确实要求军方干预。这已经是紧急状态。我认为，军队有责任将埃及从内耗中拯救出来，但是这并不意味着永远都是军方掌管权利。他们只是与民众一起确保形势的稳定。”

A senior Muslim Brotherhood⁸ leader, Essam al-Arian, said that Egyptians had made history and were adding a new model of democracy to the world. The leader of the opposition al-Ghad party, Ayman Nour, spoke⁹ of the nation being born again.

穆斯林兄弟会一名高级领袖Essam al-Arian表示，埃及民众创造了历史，为世界增加了一个新的民主国家的典范。反对派al-Ghad明日党领导人Ayman Nour表示，这个民族获得了新生。

The protests began on the 25 January, partly inspired by the demonstrations that drove the Tunisian President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali from power, partly driven by Egypt's economic problems and anger against what many saw as a corrupt¹⁰ regime. John Simpson looks at what made President Mubarak leave now.

抗议活动于1月25日开始，部分是受突尼斯推翻了总统本·阿里的示威活动激励，部分是由埃及的经济问题以及对腐败政体的愤怒驱动。John Simpson为我们分析穆巴拉克下台的原因。

For 18 days, the stubbornness of one elderly man has been pitted against the will of millions here. The Egyptian army found itself in the middle, unwilling¹¹ until the very end to force President Mubarak out, yet deeply hostile to any suggestion that the soldiers should remove the demonstrators from Tahrir Square by force. It's still too soon to know for certain what made Mr Mubarak step down, but it seems a reasonable assumption that the army leadership could see the hairline cracks appearing among their own officer corps¹². The generals were inclined to side with the president, one of their own, and the more junior officers sympathised with the demonstrators.

18天以来，这名年长领袖的顽固一直违反着数百万人的意志。埃及军队保持中立态度，直到最后一刻才强迫穆巴拉克下台，然而却强烈反对有人提议的士兵应该使用武力迫使示威者离开解放广场。目前要确切了解穆巴拉克辞职的原因还为时过早，但是似乎一个合理的推测就是，军队官员之间会出现分裂。将军们倾向于支持自己的总统，而较低级的官员则同情示威者。

World News from the BBC

President Barack Obama has welcomed President Mubarak's resignation. He called on the military to lift the state of emergency and start preparing the way for free and fair elections. He said he was optimistic about Egypt's political future.

奥巴马总统对埃及总统穆巴拉克的辞职表示欢迎。他呼吁军队取消紧急状态，开始为自由平等的选举做准备。他表示，他对埃及的政治前景非常乐观。

"This is not the end of Egypt's transition. It's a beginning. I'm sure there will be difficult days ahead and many questions remain unanswered. But I am confident that the people of Egypt can find the answers and do so peacefully, constructively¹³, and in the spirit of unity¹⁴ that has defined these last few weeks."

“这并不是埃及转变的结束，而是开始。当然，未来的日子将面临许多困难，仍然有许多问题没有得到解决。但是我确信，埃及民众可以找到解决的方法，并且以和平，建设性的方法，以过去几周所体现的团结统一的精神来实现。”

Other world leaders, among them the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, have reacted too. Mr Ban said the voice of the Egyptian people had been heard.

其他世界领袖，包括联合国秘书长潘基文在内也做出了反应。潘基文表示，埃及民众的意愿得到了尊重。

In Tunisia, where people overthrew¹⁵ their own president last month, there was dancing in the streets and car horns were blaring in celebration of President Mubarak's resignation. There was also jubilation¹⁶ across the Palestinian territories. The Hamas movement, which controls the Gaza Strip, said it was the start of the Egyptian revolution.

在突尼斯，上月，民众推翻了自己的总统。现在，街道上的人们载歌载舞，过往的汽车纷纷鸣笛对穆巴拉克的辞职表示庆祝。巴勒斯坦领土内也举行了庆祝活动。控制着加沙地带的哈马斯运动表示，这是埃及革命的开始。

President Mubarak was appointed vice¹⁷ president after a successful career in the military and became leader following the assassination¹⁸ of the President Anwar Sadat in 1981. Caroline Hawley has this assessment¹⁹ of Hosni Mubarak's career.

穆巴拉克因在军队中表现出色被任命为副总统。1981年总统安瓦尔·萨达特(Anwar Sadat)被暗杀之后，穆巴拉克成为埃及领袖。Caroline Hawley对穆巴拉克的政治生涯作出了评估。

It was amid turmoil²⁰ that Hosni Mubarak became president when his predecessor²¹ Anwar Sadat was assassinated²² in 1981. A military man, stability was the obsession²³ of his regime at the expense of human rights, but he was violently opposed by Islamist extremists, and his rule was challenged by the Muslim Brotherhood, and more recently by a growing secular²⁴ opposition inspired by the revolution in Tunisia. It was they who brought the people onto the streets. President Mubarak made a series of concessions²⁵. All were too little, too late.

1981年萨达特总统被暗杀之后，穆巴拉克在一片混乱中成为埃及总统。穆巴拉克是一名军人，他的政府以牺牲人权为代价来保持国家的稳定，但是却受到伊斯兰激进分子的强烈反对，他的统治受到穆斯林兄弟会的挑战，最近则受到由突尼斯革命刺激的不断增长的世俗抗议。他们促使民众走向街头抗议。穆巴拉克总统作出了一系列让步，但是太少了，也太迟了。

1 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

2 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

3 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

4 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

5 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

6 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

7 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

8 brotherhood   

n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊

参考例句：

• They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
• They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

9 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

10 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

11 unwilling   

adj.不情愿的

参考例句：

• The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。
• His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。

12 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

13 constructively   

ad.有益的，积极的

参考例句：

• Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom. 如此富有意义地利用业余时间来进行收藏，会使人怡然自得，无暇烦恼。
• The HKSAR will continue to participate constructively in these activities. 香港会继续积极参与这些活动。

14 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

15 overthrew   

overthrow的过去式

参考例句：

• The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。
• They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。

16 jubilation   

n.欢庆，喜悦

参考例句：

• The goal was greeted by jubilation from the home fans.主场球迷为进球欢呼。
• The whole city was a scene of jubilation.全市一片欢腾。

17 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

18 assassination   

n.暗杀；暗杀事件

参考例句：

• The assassination of the president brought matters to a head.总统遭暗杀使事态到了严重关头。
• Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the whole nation.1865年，林肯遇刺事件震惊全美国。

19 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

20 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

21 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

22 assassinated   

v.暗杀( assassinate的过去式和过去分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏

参考例句：

• The prime minister was assassinated by extremists. 首相遭极端分子暗杀。
• Then, just two days later, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 跟着在两天以后，肯尼迪总统在达拉斯被人暗杀。 来自辞典例句

23 obsession   

n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)

参考例句：

• I was suffering from obsession that my career would be ended.那时的我陷入了我的事业有可能就此终止的困扰当中。
• She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher.她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。

24 secular   

n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的

参考例句：

• We live in an increasingly secular society.我们生活在一个日益非宗教的社会。
• Britain is a plural society in which the secular predominates.英国是个世俗主导的多元社会。

25 concessions   

n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权

参考例句：

• The firm will be forced to make concessions if it wants to avoid a strike. 要想避免罢工，公司将不得不作出一些让步。
• The concessions did little to placate the students. 让步根本未能平息学生的愤怒。