英语听力精选进阶版 7457

The incumbent¹ Goodluck Jonathan has been officially declared the winner in Nigeria’s presidential election. However, Mr Jonathan has had to appeal for calm as violence erupted across parts of northern Nigeria in response to his victory. From Abuja, here’s Caroline Duffield.

官方正式宣布现任总统乔纳森(Goodluck Jonathan)为尼日利亚总统选举获胜者。然而，由于乔纳森获胜，尼日利亚北部部分地区爆发暴力活动，他不得不呼吁大家平静下来。阿布贾，Caroline Duffield报道。

Goodluck Jonathan received nearly 23 million votes in the presidential election, while his rival General Muhammadu Buhari got just over 12 million. But minutes before the declaration, Goodluck Jonathan was appealing for calm. Angry youths, supporters of the defeated Mr Buhari, have torched homes, churches and cars, and set up burning barricades² in towns and cities across northern Nigeria. So far, General Buhari’s party, the Congress for Progressive Change, have steadily³ refused to condemn⁴ the violence or to call for calm.

乔纳森在总统选举中赢得了接近2300万张选票，而他的竞争对手布哈里只获得了1200万张选票。但是选举结果宣布之前几分钟，乔纳森呼吁大家平静下来。愤怒的年轻人，被击败的候选人布哈里的支持者在尼日利亚北部城镇将房屋，教堂和汽车付之一炬，并设置了燃烧着的路障。目前为止，布哈里的政党，进步变革大会一直拒绝谴责暴力活动，也没有呼吁他们平静下来。

A ship chartered by an aid agency has evacuated⁵ about 1,000 people from the Libyan city of Misurata, which is under constant siege by Colonel Gaddafi’s forces. The International Organisation⁶ for Migration⁷ said thousands more were waiting to be rescued in what it described as an increasingly perilous⁸ situation.

由救援机构租赁的一艘船只从利比亚城市米苏拉塔疏散了大约1000人。这座城市一直被卡扎菲上校的力量包围。国际移民组织表示，目前的形势越来越危险，仍然有数千人等待救援。

An international credit rating agency has downgraded its assessment⁹ of the long-term outlook for government finances in the United States from ‘stable’ to ‘negative’. The US Treasury¹⁰ responded by saying the agency had underestimated the ability of American leaders to come together and address the fiscal¹¹ challenges facing the country. From Washington, Paul Adams sent this report.

一家国际信用评级机构将对美国政府财政的长期前景评估从“稳定”降低到“消极”。美国财政部回应称，该机构低估了美国领导人团结起来解决国家面临的财政挑战的能力。华盛顿，Paul Adams报道。

In revising its outlook, Standard & Poor's has waded¹² into a highly charged political debate about how to cut America’s vast and growing budget deficit¹³. Despite the country’s economic strength, the agency says America’s fiscal profile has deteriorated¹⁴ steadily over the past decade. And in a statement of the obvious, it says that the gap between the Republican and Democratic parties over how to address the problem remains¹⁵ wide. There’s a significant risk, it says, that congressional negotiations¹⁶ will not result in agreement on a fiscal strategy until after the 2012 presidential elections.

在修订信用评定等级的时候，标准普尔公司猛烈攻击了怎样削减美国巨大的，不断增长的财政赤字的政治辩论。尽管美国经济开始增长，该机构表示，过去十年，美国的财政状况已经逐步恶化。在一份声明中，该机构表示，关于怎样解决这个问题，民主党和共和党之间仍然存在严重的分歧。而且，目前美国还面临着一个风险，国会谈判可能直到2012年总统选举过后还不能就财政策略达成协议。

Opposition¹⁷ activists¹⁸ in Syria say thousands of anti-government protesters have occupied the centre of the country’s third largest city Homs. There were funerals on Monday in Homs for some of the eight people killed in violence there on Sunday. Owen Bennett-Jones reports.

叙利亚反对派积极分子表示，数千名反政府抗议者占领了第三大城市霍姆斯的市中心。周一，霍姆斯民众为在周日的暴力活动中遇难的八人中的几人举行葬礼。Owen Bennett-Jones报道。

Video footage put on the Internet by opposition activists shows thousands of people sitting on the ground in the main square of Homs. The activists say that the people will stay there until their political demands are met, and they include the immediate¹⁹ lifting of Syria’s long-standing emergency laws and the release of political prisoners. Syria’s official news agency has also been reporting on events in Homs. It says three army officers, including a brigadier-general, were ambushed²⁰ and killed on Sunday by armed criminal gangs who then mutilated the bodies with sharp tools.

反对派积极分子上传到互联网上的录像资料显示，数千人在霍姆斯主要广场席地而坐。积极分子表示，他们将一直待在那里，直到他们的政治要求得到满足，其中包括立即废除叙利亚实施已久的紧急法律，并释放政治犯。叙利亚官方新闻机构也在报告霍姆斯的形势。据称，周日，武装犯罪团伙伏击了包括一名准将在内的三名陆军军官，并使用利器将他们的尸体砍断。

World News from the BBC

Clashes have taken place in Yemen between security personnel and anti-government protesters in the city of Hudaydah. Dozens were wounded when police fired tear gas and used batons²¹ to disperse²² protesters, many of whom responded by throwing stones. More than 100 people have died in two months of protests calling for the president Ali Abdullah Saleh to step down.

也门安全力量与反政府抗议者在Hudaydah发生冲突。警方使用催泪弹和警棍驱散抗议者，抗议者扔石头回击，造成数十人受伤。在要求总统萨利赫下台的为期两个月的抗议活动中，已有100多人死亡。

Police in India have clashed with fishermen and villagers furious over plans to build the world’s biggest nuclear power plant on the coast of the western state of Maharashtra. One person was killed when several hundred people attacked a police station near the site. Marianne Landzettel reports.

当地渔民和村民对印度政府在西部马哈拉施特拉海岸建造世界上最大的核电站的计划表示愤怒，与警方发生冲突。数百人袭击附近一个警察局，造成1人死亡。Marianne Landzettel报道。

The construction of the first of six reactors²³ is to start later this year despite massive protests across India. The protesters have mostly been fishermen and villagers living nearby who are bitterly opposed to the project. Fishermen fear that water temperatures will rise and they will lose access to fertile fishing grounds. Environmental experts point out that Konkan is one of the most bio-diverse regions on earth, and they insist it will be destroyed. The latest protests started after the environment minister issued a statement ruling out cancelling the project.

尽管印度各地民众强烈抗议，六座反应堆中的第一座的建设工作仍将在今年年底开始。抗议者大部分是居住在附近的渔民和村民，他们强烈反对该工程。渔民担心水温会上升，他们可能会失去物产丰富的渔场。环境专家指出，Konkan是地球上生物物种最丰富的地区之一，建造核电站将把这里的物种多样性完全毁坏。环境部长发表声明排除取消该项目的可能性之后引发了最新的抗议活动。

The Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has said that drug abuse has become such a big problem that is costing the Russian economy up to $37 billion each year. Mr Medvedev said Russia may have to resort to drugs testing in schools to tackle the problem. Russian officials estimate that there are about 2.5 million drug addicts²⁴ in the country and there are about 30,000 drugs-related deaths each year.

俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫表示，吸毒已经成为非常严重的问题，每年耗费俄罗斯经济370亿美元的资金。梅德韦杰夫表示，俄罗斯将在学校进行毒品检测来应对这个问题。俄罗斯官员估计，全国大约有250万人有毒瘾，每年有30,000人因毒品死亡。

One of Italy’s leading businessmen, Pietro Ferrero, has died after falling off his bicycle during a business trip to South Africa. Mr Ferrero, who was 47, ran a huge family firm that produces international brands such as Nutella and Ferrero Rocher chocolates.

意大利企业大亨费雷罗(Pietro Ferrero)在南非进行商务旅行时从自行车上跌落身亡。47岁的费雷罗(Pietro Ferrero)运营着一个巨大的家族企业，生产一系列国际品牌，例如Nutella和Ferrero Rocher巧克力。

1 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

2 barricades   

路障，障碍物( barricade的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The police stormed the barricades the demonstrators had put up. 警察冲破了示威者筑起的街垒。
• Others died young, in prison or on the barricades. 另一些人年轻时就死在监牢里或街垒旁。

3 steadily   

adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地

参考例句：

• The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
• Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。

4 condemn   

vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑

参考例句：

• Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他，而有些人谴责他。
• We mustn't condemn him on mere suppositions.我们不可全凭臆测来指责他。

5 evacuated   

撤退者的

参考例句：

• Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
• The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。

6 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

7 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

8 perilous   

adj.危险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• The journey through the jungle was perilous.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
• We have been carried in safety through a perilous crisis.历经一连串危机，我们如今已安然无恙。

9 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

10 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

11 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

12 waded   

（从水、泥等）蹚，走过，跋( wade的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She tucked up her skirt and waded into the river. 她撩起裙子蹚水走进河里。
• He waded into the water to push the boat out. 他蹚进水里把船推出来。

13 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

14 deteriorated   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。
• His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

16 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

17 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

18 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

19 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

20 ambushed   

v.埋伏( ambush的过去式和过去分词 )；埋伏着

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The military vehicles were ambushed. 军车遭到伏击。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 batons   

n.（警察武器）警棍( baton的名词复数 )；（乐队指挥用的）指挥棒；接力棒

参考例句：

• There were many riot policemen with batons. 有许多带警棍的防暴警察。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Chinese police fight? Number one is a person with batons to fight! 满街飘的中国国旗，是一个老华侨在事发时那出来分给大家的，很感动，真的，从来一向多一事不如少一事的中国人今天团结到一起站出来反抗。 来自互联网

22 disperse   

vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驱散

参考例句：

• The cattle were swinging their tails to disperse the flies.那些牛甩动着尾巴驱赶苍蝇。
• The children disperse for the holidays.孩子们放假了。

23 reactors   

起反应的人( reactor的名词复数 )； 反应装置； 原子炉； 核反应堆

参考例句：

• The TMI nuclear facility has two reactors. 三哩岛核设施有两个反应堆。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• The earliest production reactors necessarily used normal uranium as fuel. 最早为生产用的反应堆，必须使用普通铀作为燃料。

24 addicts   

有…瘾的人( addict的名词复数 )； 入迷的人

参考例句：

• a unit for rehabilitating drug addicts 帮助吸毒者恢复正常生活的机构
• There is counseling to help Internet addicts?even online. 有咨询机构帮助网络沉迷者。 来自超越目标英语 第3册