英语听力精选进阶版 7483

The security forces in Pakistan have been fighting a lengthy¹ battle with militants² who attacked a naval³ base in the city of Karachi overnight. Around a dozen well-armed attackers entered the base, setting off explosives. Eleven people are reported to have been killed, and a number have been taken hostage, including Chinese military staff. The Pakistani Taliban say they are responsible. Fighting is continuing in one part of the base, where the authorities say they've surrounded the militants. From Karachi, Shoaib Hasan reports.

巴基斯坦安全力量与夜间突袭卡拉奇一个海军基地的好战分子发生了持久的战斗。大约12名武装精良的袭击者进入基地，引爆炸药。据报道，已有11人死亡，还有几人被劫持，包括一名中国军人。巴基斯坦塔利班分子宣称对这次事件负责。在该基地的一个部分，战斗仍在继续，当局称他们已经包围了好战分子。卡拉奇，Shoaib Hasan报道。

Flames can be seen in the distance, and intermittent⁴ gunfire continues as troops battle the militants inside. Security officials told the BBC that several gunmen stormed the heavily-guarded Mehran naval air base late in the evening in central Karachi. Their first targets were aircraft parked on the tarmac and equipment in nearby hangers⁵. Eyewitnesses⁶ say the militants used rocket-propelled grenades to damage and destroy several warplanes. These include the Pakistan army's premier⁷ anti-submarine attack jet - the US-made P-3C Orion. At least two of these multi-million-dollar aircraft were set ablaze⁸.

从远处就可以看到熊熊燃烧的大火，而且仍然断断续续地传出军队与里面的好战分子交火的枪声。安全力量告诉BBC，几名持枪分子深夜袭击了卡拉奇中部守卫森严的迈赫兰海军航空基地。他们的首要目标是停在停机坪上的飞机和附近的设备。目击者表示，好战分子使用火箭弹摧毁了几架战机，包括巴基斯坦军队美国制造的P-3C猎户座反潜巡逻机。这种战机价值数亿美元，至少两架被付之一炬。

Gulf⁹ Arab states have suspended their efforts to negotiate a power transfer deal in Yemen after President Ali Abdullah Saleh refused to sign it. The deal was meant to pave the way for Mr Saleh's resignation after months of pro-democracy protests in Yemen. State television reported that President Saleh would only sign it in the presence of opposition¹⁰ leaders. At one point, Western and Arab diplomats¹¹ trying to mediate¹² a solution were airlifted from the United Arab Emirates embassy in Sanaa after it was surrounded by armed supporters of the president.

海湾阿拉伯国家停止协商也门权利过渡的努力，因为总统萨利赫拒绝签字。该协议旨在经过几个月的支持民主活动之后为萨利赫辞职铺平道路。国家电视台报道称，只有反对派领导人在场的情况下萨利赫总统才会签字。曾经一度，试图调停解决方案的西方国家和阿拉伯国家的外交官被迫乘飞机从阿联酋驻萨那大使馆撤退，因为大使馆被总统的武装支持者包围。

The United Nations Security Council has called on the northern Sudanese army to withdraw from positions it has taken in the disputed region of Abyei on the border with southern Sudan. The south said the capture of Abyei was an act of war. The United States special envoy¹³ to Sudan, Princeton Lyman, described the escalation¹⁴ as "extraordinarily¹⁵ dangerous". The medical charity MSF said some 20,000 people had fled following the clashes in Abyei. Southern Sudan is due to become independent in July.

联合国安理会呼吁北苏丹军队撤出他们在南北边境处有争议的阿卜耶伊占领的地方。南方表示，北方军队占领阿卜耶伊是战争行为。美国驻苏丹特使普林斯顿·莱曼(Princeton Lyman)称这次双方关系的升级“非常危险”。无国界医生组织表示已有大约20,000人逃离阿卜耶伊的冲突。南苏丹在7月份将宣布独立。

The governing Socialist¹⁶ party in Spain has suffered a crushing defeat in local and regional elections after a campaign dominated by protests against high unemployment. The Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero said the Socialists¹⁷ had been punished for three years of economic crisis, but he said he would not bring forward a general election due next year.

由于反对高失业率的抗议活动，执政的西班牙工人社会党在地方和区域选举中遭遇惨败。西班牙首相萨帕特罗(Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero)表示，工人社会党已经由于三年的经济危机受到惩罚，但是他表示，他不会将原定于明年的大选提前举行。

"The new local governments that come out of these elections will face very tough economic conditions for everyone. And we all, the government of Spain and the local governments, must contribute to help Spain recover the living standards the country deserves."

“在这次选举中当选的新的地方政府将面临非常严峻的经济形势。西班牙政府和地方政府都必须致力于恢复国家应有的生活水平。”

World News from the BBC

The former President of Honduras, Manuel Zelaya, who was ousted¹⁸ and forced into exile in 2009, has signed an agreement with his successor which will allow him to return home. Mr Zelaya and the Honduran President Porfirio Lobo smiled and shook hands as they signed the agreement in the Colombian city of Cartagena.

2009年被推翻并被迫流亡的洪都拉斯前总统曼努埃尔·塞拉亚与现任总统签署协议，这份协议将使他结束流亡生活回国。塞拉亚和现任总统波菲里奥·洛沃(Porfirio Lobo)在哥伦比亚城市卡塔赫纳签署该协议时面带微笑并握手。

The top prize at the Cannes Film Festival in France, the Palme d'Or, has been won by The Tree of Life, directed by Terrence Malick. The best actress award went to Kirsten Dunst for her performance in Lars von Trier's film Melancholia. Von Trier was thrown out of the festival last week for joking that he was a Nazi¹⁹. Kirsten Dunst briefly²⁰ alluded²¹ to the row in her acceptance speech.

本届戛纳电影节最高奖项金棕榈奖颁发给泰伦斯·马力克(Terrence Malick)编导的《生命之树》。克尔斯滕·邓斯特(Kirsten Dunst)凭借在拉斯·冯·提尔(Lars von Trier)的影片《忧郁症》中的表演获得最佳女演员奖。拉斯·冯·提尔上周曾因为开玩笑说他是纳粹分子而被排除出这次电影节。克尔斯滕·邓斯特在获奖感言中隐晦地提到了这一点。

"Thank you so much to the jury. This is an honour that is a once-in-a-lifetime thing for an actress. And thank you to the Cannes Film Festival for allowing our film to still be in competition. And I want to thank Lars for giving me the opportunity to be so brave in this film and so free."

“非常感谢评审团。这是一项莫大的荣誉，对于一个女演员来说，这是一声都值得骄傲的。非常感谢戛纳电影节仍然允许我们的影片参加评选。感谢拉斯给我机会扮演勇敢自由的角色。”

A new study suggests the Inca civilisation²² in the Peruvian Andes may have owed part of its success to llama droppings. Research by the French Institute of Andean Studies suggests the Incas flourished after they began using llama dung for fertilizer. James Read reports.

一项新的研究表明，秘鲁安第斯山印加文明部分应该归功于骆驼粪便。安第斯法国研究所这份研究表明，开始使用骆驼粪便作肥料以后，印加文明逐渐繁荣起来。James Read报道。

In the 15th century, the Incas ruled the biggest empire South America had ever seen, but their fabulous²³ cities of gold had humble²⁴ origins. Research conducted in the Inca heartland in Peru suggests their civilisation emerged partly as the result of an extraordinary agricultural development nearly 3,000 years ago. Samples of mud and pollen²⁵ taken from a lake suggest llama dung, used as fertilizer, helped the ancient people of the Andes make the transition from hunter-gathering to farming. Centuries later, it allowed the Incas to farm maize²⁶ in the high mountains, providing a grain surplus that let their civilisation take off.

15世纪，印加人统治着南美最大的王国，但是这个美轮美奂的黄金之城的起源却非常卑微。在印加腹地秘鲁进行的研究表明，印加文明的发展部分是由于接近3,000年前农业极度发展的结果。从一个湖中收集的泥土和花粉样本显示，作为肥料使用的骆驼粪便帮助古代印加人从打猎和采集过渡到耕种。几个世纪之后，印加人开始在高山上种植玉米，提供了大量谷物盈余来让他们的文明突飞猛进地发展。

1 lengthy   

adj.漫长的，冗长的

参考例句：

• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
• The professor wrote a lengthy book on Napoleon.教授写了一部有关拿破仑的巨著。

2 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

3 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

4 intermittent   

adj.间歇的，断断续续的

参考例句：

• Did you hear the intermittent sound outside?你听见外面时断时续的声音了吗？
• In the daytime intermittent rains freshened all the earth.白天里，时断时续地下着雨，使整个大地都生气勃勃了。

5 hangers   

n.衣架( hanger的名词复数 )；挂耳

参考例句：

• The singer was surrounded by the usual crowd of lackeys and hangers on. 那个歌手让那帮总是溜须拍马、前呼後拥的人给围住了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I want to put some of my good hangers in Grandpa's closet. 我想在爷爷的衣橱放几个好的衣架。 来自辞典例句

6 eyewitnesses   

目击者( eyewitness的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The examination of all the eyewitnesses took a week. 对所有证人的质询用了一周的时间。
• Several eyewitnesses testified that they saw the officers hit Miller in the face. 几位目击证人证明他们看见那几个警官打了米勒的脸。

7 premier   

adj.首要的；n.总理，首相

参考例句：

• The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
• He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

8 ablaze   

adj.着火的，燃烧的；闪耀的，灯火辉煌的

参考例句：

• The main street was ablaze with lights in the evening.晚上，那条主要街道灯火辉煌。
• Forests are sometimes set ablaze by lightning.森林有时因雷击而起火。

9 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 mediate   

vi.调解，斡旋；vt.经调解解决；经斡旋促成

参考例句：

• The state must mediate the struggle for water resources.政府必须通过调解来解决对水资源的争夺。
• They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.他们也许能在不同利益政党之间进行斡旋。

13 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

14 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

15 extraordinarily   

adv.格外地；极端地

参考例句：

• She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
• The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨，大海出奇地宁静。

16 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

17 socialists   

社会主义者( socialist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The socialists saw themselves as true heirs of the Enlightenment. 社会主义者认为自己是启蒙运动的真正继承者。
• The Socialists junked dogma when they came to office in 1982. 社会党人1982年上台执政后，就把其政治信条弃之不顾。

18 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

19 Nazi   

n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的

参考例句：

• They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。
• Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。

20 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

21 alluded   

提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In your remarks you alluded to a certain sinister design. 在你的谈话中，你提到了某个阴谋。
• She also alluded to her rival's past marital troubles. 她还影射了对手过去的婚姻问题。

22 civilisation   

n.文明，文化，开化，教化

参考例句：

• Energy and ideas are the twin bases of our civilisation.能源和思想是我们文明的两大基石。
• This opera is one of the cultural totems of Western civilisation.这部歌剧是西方文明的文化标志物之一。

23 fabulous   

adj.极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的，传说中的

参考例句：

• We had a fabulous time at the party.我们在晚会上玩得很痛快。
• This is a fabulous sum of money.这是一笔巨款。

24 humble   

adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低

参考例句：

• In my humble opinion,he will win the election.依我拙见，他将在选举中获胜。
• Defeat and failure make people humble.挫折与失败会使人谦卑。

25 pollen   

n.[植]花粉

参考例句：

• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。
• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。

26 maize   

n.玉米

参考例句：

• There's a field planted with maize behind the house.房子后面有一块玉米地。
• We can grow sorghum or maize on this plot.这块地可以种高粱或玉米。