英语听力精选进阶版 7501

International donors¹ have promised $4.3bn for children's vaccination² programmes in the developing world, which will target pneumonia³ and diarrhoea. The money pledged at a conference in London comes from governments and private donors, among them the computer billionaire Bill Gates. He said the consequences would be far-reaching.

国际捐赠者承诺向发展中国家儿童疫苗项目捐赠43亿美元，目标是应对肺炎和痢疾。在伦敦的会议上承诺的捐款来自政府和私人捐赠者，其中包括计算机亿万富翁比尔·盖茨。他表示，这次捐款的影响将是非常深远的。

"There are so many ways to look at the impact: children to get the vaccines⁴, the children who won't be sick and will develop their full potential. I like to think of it in terms of equity⁵ that this is the first time that we can say that poor children will not be refused the vaccines that the children in the rich countries get because there's not enough money."

“我们要从许多方面看待这次捐款的影响：孩子们能够接种疫苗，这样他们就不会患病，可以全力开发自己的潜力。而我从平等的角度来考虑。这是我们第一次看到，贫困国家的孩子不会因为没有足够的钱而被拒绝接种发达国家的孩子可以享受到的疫苗。”

Some aid organisations say much of the money will go to big Western drug companies, who charge more for their vaccines than producers in developing countries, but one of the companies told the BBC it wasn't making a profit.

一些救助组织表示，大部分捐款将支付给西方大型医药公司。这些公司疫苗的收费超过发展中国家的制药厂。但是其中一家公司告诉BBC，他们几乎没有什么利润。

The exodus⁶ of refugees fleeing the violence and unrest in Syria has continued to build. Reports now say almost 7,000 people have crossed over into Turkey, with more arriving all the time. People crossing the border said the Syrian military had been arresting hundreds of people in a sweep of villages near the town of Jisr al-Shughour, regained⁷ by the military on Sunday after a revolt a week ago. Jim Muir reports from neighbouring Lebanon.

目前，仍有大量难民逃离叙利亚的暴力和动乱形势。报道称，现在大约有7,000名难民穿越边境进入土耳其境内，现在越来越多的人正在抵达。穿越边境的人表示，叙利亚军队在扫荡吉斯尔·舒古尔(Jisr al-Shughour)附近的村庄时逮捕了几百人。一周前发生暴动之后，军队于周日重新控制了这个小镇。Jim Muir在邻国黎巴嫩报道。

It's the villages and hills to the east and north of Jisr al-Shughour that now seem to be the focus of the army's efforts to re-impose the regime's control over the defiant⁸ area. The state media said the army was chasing what they called the "remnants of armed terrorist gangs" through the surrounding countryside. Activists⁹ said local men of military age were being rounded up, houses damaged and crops destroyed. Refugees making their way across the nearby border to Turkey spoke¹⁰ similarly of a scorched¹¹ earth policy.

吉斯尔·舒古尔东部和北部的村庄似乎是叙利亚军队试图重新施加政权控制的焦点。国家媒体表示，军队正在村庄周围追捕他们所说的“武装恐怖主义团伙的残余势力”。积极分子表示，当地符合征兵年龄的男子都已经被集合起来，房屋被损坏，农作物全部被摧毁。得以穿越附近的边境进入土耳其的难民讲述了军方类似的焦土政策。

The US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has urged African leaders to promote democratic reforms, otherwise, she warned, they could face the kind of popular revolts taking place in the Arab world. Speaking to the African Union in Ethiopia, she encouraged African countries to abandon support for Colonel Gaddafi, despite his financial support, and to develop ties with Libya's rebels.

美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿敦促非洲领导人推行民主改革，否则，她警告称，这些国家将面临阿拉伯世界正在遭遇的民众暴动。在埃塞俄比亚非洲联盟总部发表讲话时，她鼓励非洲国家放弃对卡扎菲上校的支持，尽管卡扎菲为他们提供了财政援助。希拉里还敦促他们发展与利比亚叛军的关系。

Meanwhile, Mrs Clinton has cut short her Africa trip because of a volcano that's erupted in Eritrea and is threatening to disrupt air travel. The German airline Lufthansa says it's already cancelled two flights. Here's Martin Plaut.

同时，由于厄立特里亚的火山喷发即将扰乱航空运输，希拉里缩短了访问欧洲的行程。德国汉莎航空表示他们已经取消了两个航班。Martin Plaut报道。

Residents woke to find their homes covered with a film of grey black ash, 1mm to 2mm thick. The source is the Dubbi volcano, which began erupting on Sunday night for the first time since 1861. The volcano is situated¹² in the remote Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea, a thinly populated area. But the French weather bureau is predicting that by Tuesday the cloud could spread as far as Egypt, Sudan and even Israel.

居民们醒来时发现房屋上覆盖着大约1毫米至2毫米的一层灰烬。这些火山灰的来源是杜比火山。这座火山周日晚上开始喷发，这是1861年以来的首次。这座火山位于红海南部地区厄立特里亚，人烟稀少。但是法国气象局预测，周二，火山灰将抵达埃及，苏丹，甚至以色列。

BBC News

Human rights organisations are warning of a humanitarian¹³ catastrophe¹⁴ in border areas between north and south Sudan in the run-up to independence for the south next month. Amnesty International says a campaign of ethnic¹⁵ cleansing¹⁶ seems to have started to destabilise the region. Khartoum says it will withdraw its troops from the disputed region of Abyei under certain conditions, but has denied targeting people on an ethnic basis.

随着下月南苏丹独立的日期临近，人权组织警告南北边境地区的人道主义灾难。国际特赦组织表示，种族大清洗运动似乎已经开始在该地区制造动荡。喀土穆方面表示，他们将在满足特定条件的情况下从阿卜耶伊撤军。但是他们否认基于种族的原因袭击平民。

The United States has released in its entirety a top secret report into the Vietnam War 40 years after parts of it were leaked to the New York Times. At the time, the revelations that the Kennedy and Johnson administrations had secretly escalated¹⁷ the conflict and lied to Congress about it increased opposition¹⁸ to the war. The man who leaked the documents, Daniel Ellsberg, says he already picked out the best bits.

美国全文发表了越南战争的高度机密报道。40年前，部分内容曾经泄漏给纽约时报。当时，关于肯尼迪和约翰逊政府秘密扩大冲突，并向国会说谎的披露增加了人们对该战争的反对。泄漏该文件的丹尼尔·艾尔斯伯格说，他已经选择了其中最好的讯息。

Italian voters have dealt the country's Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi a heavy political blow, rejecting a raft of key policies proposed by his government. They included a plan to revive nuclear energy in Italy. From Rome, Duncan Kennedy.

意大利选民给总理贝卢斯科尼带来巨大的打击，否决了他的政府提议的一系列关键政策。其中包括复兴意大利核能的计划。Duncan Kennedy在罗马报道。

With around 90% of the votes now counted, Italians appear to have clearly rejected nuclear power - the role of the Fukushima accident in Japan a decisive factor. A number of other policies were also rejected, including the privatisation of water supplies and one which would have allowed ministers to skip court cases if they had government duties. All have the personal backing and prestige of Silvio Berlusconi attached to them, so their combined rejection¹⁹ is a serious political setback²⁰ for the prime minister.

现在90%的选票已经经过统计，意大利人似乎已经明确否决了核能——在日本福岛核危机中，核能是最为关键的因素。一些其他政策也被否决，包括水供应私有化和如果部长们还担负着政府职责可以豁免法庭案件的提议。所有提议都受到贝卢斯科尼和他的党羽的个人支持，所以，这些提议全部被否决对总理来说是非常严重的政治打击。

India and Sri Lanka have launched their first ferry service after a gap of 30 years. The vessel²¹ is carrying more than 1,000 people from the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu to the Sri Lankan capital Colombo. Ferries were suspended during Sri Lanka's long-running battle against Tamil Tiger rebels, which ended two years ago.

印度和斯里兰卡三十年来首次开设轮渡服务。这艘船只搭载了1,000多人，从印度南部的泰米尔纳德邦到斯里兰卡首都科伦坡。在斯里兰卡打击塔米尔猛虎组织叛军的持久战争期间，印度和斯里兰卡之间的渡轮停止工作。斯里兰卡内战已经于两年前宣告结束。

1 donors   

n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者

参考例句：

• Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去，请给我们发电子邮件。
• About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

3 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

4 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

5 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

6 exodus   

v.大批离去，成群外出

参考例句：

• The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃。
• Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战，就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。

7 regained   

复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地

参考例句：

• The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
• She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻，但很快恢复了镇静。

8 defiant   

adj.无礼的，挑战的

参考例句：

• With a last defiant gesture,they sang a revolutionary song as they were led away to prison.他们被带走投入监狱时，仍以最后的反抗姿态唱起了一支革命歌曲。
• He assumed a defiant attitude toward his employer.他对雇主采取挑衅的态度。

9 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

11 scorched   

烧焦，烤焦( scorch的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（植物）枯萎，把…晒枯； 高速行驶； 枯焦

参考例句：

• I scorched my dress when I was ironing it. 我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。
• The hot iron scorched the tablecloth. 热熨斗把桌布烫焦了。

12 situated   

adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的

参考例句：

• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。
• She is awkwardly situated.她的处境困难。

13 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

14 catastrophe   

n.大灾难，大祸

参考例句：

• I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
• This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。

15 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

16 cleansing   

n. 净化(垃圾) adj. 清洁用的 动词cleanse的现在分词

参考例句：

• medicated cleansing pads for sensitive skin 敏感皮肤药物清洗棉
• Soap is not the only cleansing agent. 肥皂并不是唯一的清洁剂。

17 escalated   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The fighting escalated into a full-scale war. 这场交战逐步扩大为全面战争。
• The demonstration escalated into a pitched battle with the police. 示威逐步升级，演变成了一场同警察的混战。

18 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

19 rejection   

n.拒绝，被拒，抛弃，被弃

参考例句：

• He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。
• The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒绝使她陷入了绝望的深渊。

20 setback   

n.退步，挫折，挫败

参考例句：

• Since that time there has never been any setback in his career.从那时起他在事业上一直没有遇到周折。
• She views every minor setback as a disaster.她把每个较小的挫折都看成重大灾难。

21 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。