英语听力精选进阶版 7668

A court in London has found two men guilty of killing¹ a black teenager, Stephen Lawrence, nearly two decades ago. The men, David Norris and Gary Dobson, were both convicted of murder. Stephen Lawrence was stabbed to death at a London bus stop in 1993 in a racist² attack. The case became a defining moment for race relations in Britain. Zoe Conway reports.

伦敦法院判定两男子涉嫌近20年前杀死黑人少年Stephen Lawrence，罪犯David Norris和Gary Dobson均被判以谋杀罪。1993年StephenLawrence在伦敦巴士站的种族袭击中被刺杀致死，此案成为英国种族关系决定性的一件事，Zoe Conway报道。

The murder, on the face of it, was not an especially hard case for the police to solve. Within hours of the attack, members of the local community were blaming local white youths. Yet, it took weeks for arrests to be made. The case fell apart. The police failed. Years later, a public inquiry³ would conclude that failure was a result of the Metropolitan⁴ police's "institutional racism⁵". They were two words that would rock the British establishment. Sweeping⁶ changes to the way Britain's criminal justice system dealt with race would follow. Throughout it all, Stephen Lawrence's parents, Doreen and Neville, refused to give up on justice for their son: an 18-year campaign that would win the support of Nelson Mandela amongst others.

从表面来看，这起案件对于警方来说不是很难侦破。就在袭击发生后数小时，当地社区居民就在谴责当地的白人青年。然而几周后才抓到嫌疑人，案件无法侦破，警察失败了。几年后，一份公共调查认定，案件未能侦破是因为这个大都市的警察有“体制性的种族主义”，这个词语可以动摇到英国的体制，能使与种族有关的英国刑事司法体系彻底改变。自始至终，Stephen Lawrence的父母都没有放弃为儿子寻求公道，他们18年的努力赢得了纳尔逊·曼德拉等人的支持。

The United States has said it'll carry on sending aircraft carriers into the Gulf⁷ despite a warning from Iran to stay away. Earlier, the Iranian military threatened to take action if an American aircraft carrier that recently left the Gulf returned. Our defence correspondent Jonathan Marcus reports.

美国称将向海湾地区运送海空母舰，尽管伊朗警告过远离此地。早些时候，伊朗军方威胁说，如果那艘最近离开海湾的美国航母再次回来，将会采取行动。BBC国防记者Jonathan Marcus报道。

The USS John C Stennis, a Nimitz-class nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, exited the Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz about a week ago just as Iranian naval⁸ exercises were getting underway. Today as the exercises ended, Iran's army chief warned the Americans to keep their carrier out of Gulf waters for good. The Pentagon, not surprisingly, has issued a swift riposte, a spokesman insisting that the existing pattern of US naval deployments will continue unchanged.

大约一周前，尼米兹级核动力斯坦尼斯号航空母舰穿过霍尔木兹海峡离开海湾，当时伊朗海军正进行军事演习。今天演习已经结束，伊朗军事领袖警告美国航母永久离开海湾水域。美国国防部不出意外地灵活反击，发言人称，美军现有部署模式将保持不变。

The price of crude oil has risen sharply on international markets because of concerns that Iran might seek to close the Strait of Hormuz - the main route for oil exports from the Gulf. In addition, the United States has passed a law tightening⁹ financial sanctions on Iran, and France is calling for an embargo¹⁰ on the country's oil.

鉴于伊朗或将关闭霍尔木兹海峡，这是海湾地区石油出口的主要通道，国际市场原油价格急剧上涨。另外，美国通过一项对伊朗有法律规定的金融制裁，法国呼吁对伊朗的石油实施禁运。

There have been clashes between rival militias¹¹ in the Libyan capital Tripoli. Four fighters were killed. Mark Lowen in Tripoli has the details.

在利比亚首都的黎波里，敌对的民兵组织间发生冲突，4名武装人员丧生。Mark Lowen在的黎波里报道。

Abdelhakim Belhadj of the Tripoli Military Council told assembled reporters that the clash centred on an old intelligence building bombed by Nato during the uprising, part of which contains a prison. A brigade from the city of Misrata came there to try to free prisoners held inside, leading to a confrontation¹² with another armed group from Tripoli. Those killed and injured were from both brigades. It is yet another sign of the continuing security threat posed by the desperate militias comprising former rebels.

的黎波里军事委员会的Abdelhakim Belhadj告诉记者们，冲突发生在一座老情报大楼里，大楼曾在起义期间被北约轰炸，大楼里还有一所监狱。来自米苏拉塔的一旅部队赶到此处，试图解救被囚人员，他们与来自的黎波里的另一队武装分子发生冲突。两方都有被杀和受伤者，这次事件再次表明，来自前叛乱部队的亡命民兵仍然对安全构成威胁。

World News from the BBC

The United Nations in South Sudan says thousands of armed youths from a tribe responsible for violent attacks in the state of Jonglei have returned home. A UN spokeswoman said members of the Lou Nuer tribe left the town of Pibor after they were repelled¹³ by government troops. The South Sudan authorities say more than 150 people have been killed over the past few days in clashes between the Lou Nuer and its rival Murle tribe.

联合国驻南苏丹机构称，来自某部落的数千名武装青年已返回家园，他们是发生在琼莱州的暴力袭击事件的行事者。联合国发言人称，在受到政府军反击后，努埃尔部落居民离开了皮波尔镇。南苏丹当局称，过去几天内，努埃尔和敌对穆尔勒部落间的冲突已造成150多人丧生。

The first major test of opinion in this year's American presidential election campaign starts in a few hours' time. The Republicans will begin the process of choosing their candidate to fight President Obama at meetings known as caucuses¹⁴ in the Midwestern state of Iowa. Opinion polls suggest a close contest between the three front-runners: the former governor of Massachusetts, Mitt¹⁵ Romney; Ron Paul, a Texas congressman¹⁶; and Rick Santorum, a former senator from Pennsylvania. From Iowa, here's Jonny Dymond.

几小时后，今年美国总统竞选的首场民意大测试就要开始。共和党将在中西部的爱荷华州选择候选人与奥巴马总统在政党会议上竞争。民意测试显示，三名领先者不相上下，他们分别是：马萨诸塞州前州长Mitt Romney，德州国会议员Ron Paul和宾州前参议员Rick Santorum。JonnyDymond在爱荷华州报道。

In school gyms and town halls across the state of Iowa, the race for the Republican Party's presidential nomination¹⁷ will start tonight. Iowa remains¹⁸ important. It can boost a struggling candidate or send one hurtling from the race. From here, the surviving candidates will be sent on a gruelling journey hopping¹⁹ from one state to another, their aim - to go to the Republican convention in August with the votes of half of the convention delegates in the bag. Only then will the party declare a candidate to face Barack Obama in the autumn.

今晚在整个爱荷华州的学校体育馆和市政厅，共和党总统候选人提名竞选就要开始。爱荷华州地位仍很重要，可以捧起一个苦苦挣扎的候选人，或将候选人一路狂飙。在这里，幸存的候选人将被派去进行艰难的旅程，从一个州到另一个州，他们的目标是：参加8月份的共和党大会，赢得大会半数代表的支持，稳操胜券。也就是在那时，该党才开始宣布推出候选人与奥巴马8月份进行竞争。

The English Football Association says Liverpool will not appeal against the eight-match ban on Luis Suarez for racially abusing an opponent during a match. The suspension begins immediately. The Uruguayan striker was also fined $62,000 for repeatedly calling the Senegalese-born Manchester United defender²⁰ Patrice Evra "negro" or "negrito" during a match. Suarez denies the words were racist.

英国足球协会称，利物浦将不对对路易斯· 苏亚雷斯实施的八场比赛禁令进行上诉，苏亚雷斯因在比赛中歧视对手而遭此禁令。禁令即刻即生效，这名乌拉圭前锋还被判以62,000美元的罚款，罪名是称塞内加尔出生的曼彻斯特联队后卫埃夫拉“黑鬼”和“矮小黑人”。苏亚雷斯否认这些词语是种族主义歧视。

1 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

2 racist   

n.种族主义者，种族主义分子

参考例句：

• a series of racist attacks 一连串的种族袭击行为
• His speech presented racist ideas under the guise of nationalism. 他的讲话以民族主义为幌子宣扬种族主义思想。

3 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

4 metropolitan   

adj.大城市的，大都会的

参考例句：

• Metropolitan buildings become taller than ever.大城市的建筑变得比以前更高。
• Metropolitan residents are used to fast rhythm.大都市的居民习惯于快节奏。

5 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

6 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

7 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

8 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

9 tightening   

上紧，固定，紧密

参考例句：

• Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前，检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
• It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。

10 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

11 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

12 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

13 repelled   

v.击退( repel的过去式和过去分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开

参考例句：

• They repelled the enemy. 他们击退了敌军。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The minister tremulously, but decidedly, repelled the old man's arm. 而丁梅斯代尔牧师却哆里哆嗦地断然推开了那老人的胳臂。 来自英汉文学 - 红字

14 caucuses   

n.（政党决定政策或推举竞选人的）核心成员( caucus的名词复数 )；决策干部；决策委员会；秘密会议

参考例句：

• Republican caucuses will happen in about 410 towns across Maine. 共和党团会议选举将在缅因州的约410个城镇进行。 来自互联网

15 mitt   

n.棒球手套，拳击手套，无指手套；vt.铐住，握手

参考例句：

• I gave him a baseball mitt for his birthday.为祝贺他的生日，我送给他一只棒球手套。
• Tom squeezed a mitt and a glove into the bag.汤姆把棒球手套和手套都塞进袋子里。

16 Congressman   

n.（美）国会议员

参考例句：

• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
• The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。

17 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

18 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

19 hopping   

n. 跳跃 动词hop的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• The clubs in town are really hopping. 城里的俱乐部真够热闹的。
• I'm hopping over to Paris for the weekend. 我要去巴黎度周末。

20 defender   

n.保卫者，拥护者，辩护人

参考例句：

• He shouldered off a defender and shot at goal.他用肩膀挡开防守队员，然后射门。
• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。