英语听力精选进阶版 7683

President Goodluck Jonathan of Nigeria has challenged the Islamist militant¹ group Boko Haram to identify themselves and clearly state their demands as a basis for dialogue. He said military intervention² was not the sole means of ending the conflict.

尼日利亚总统古德勒克·乔纳森要求伊斯兰博科圣地军事组织明确自身，并明确表示这是进行对话的基础。他说军事干预并不是结束冲突的唯一手段。

"The military confrontation³ is required now because you must reduce it by all means, but military confrontation alone will not eliminate terror attack. Your superior intelligence and providing enabling environment for young people to have jobs."

“目前的军事对抗是必须的，因为无论如何都要减少冲突，但是单靠军事对抗并不能消除恐怖袭击。要提供良好的环境，使年轻人有工作可做。”

Mr Jonathan, who was speaking in an interview with the Reuters news agency, said there was no doubt that Boko Haram had links with other jihadist groups outside Nigeria.

乔纳森在接受路透社的采访中说，毫无疑问，博科圣地组织与尼日利亚外面的圣战组织有关联。

The American Defence Secretary Leon Panetta has been giving details of billions of dollars in cuts in the US military over the next 10 years. He said after a decade of war and expanding defence budgets, a turning point had been reached. Outlining his department's spending plans, Mr Panetta announced the army would shrink by 80,000 soldiers from some 570,000 by 2017. Here's Paul Adams.

美国国防部长莱昂·潘内达公布了未来10年内削减数百亿美元军队支出的细节，他说经过十年的战争，国防预算也在膨胀，因此转折点已经到来。潘内达概述了国防部的开支计划，他宣布截至2017年军队将由现在的约57万人缩减为8万。Paul Adams报道。

Mr Panetta said that after a decade of war and expanding defence budgets, this was a turning point: an opportunity to develop a new defence strategy which would result in a leaner but more flexible military. As expected, he announced significant reductions in manpower in both the army and Marine⁴ Corps⁵. The navy and air force will lose older and less relevant equipment and some major procurement⁶ programmes, like the Joint⁷ Strike Fighter, will be slowed down. The military's global focus will shift with greater emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region and the withdrawal⁸ of two brigades from Europe.

潘内达说经过十年战争和国防预算的膨胀，转折点已经到来：美国应借此良机制定新的国防战略，使军队瘦身，但更富于灵活性。他如期了宣布陆海军人员大规模削减计划，如海军和空军将弃掉老旧无用的装备，并放缓如“联合攻击战斗机”之类的重要采购项目。军队将转换全球定位，将把重点放在亚太地区，并从欧洲撤出两个旅。

A former Guatemalan military leader Efrain Rios Montt has appeared before a court in Guatemala for a preliminary hearing that could lead to him being charged with genocide. He was in power in the early 1980s when some of the worst atrocities⁹ of Guatemala's long civil war were committed. Many indigenous¹⁰ Mayans were massacred as part of government efforts to defeat left-wing rebels. Mr Rios Montt denies responsibility.

前危地马拉领导人Efrain Rios Montt出席委内马拉法庭做初步听审，他或被指控以大屠杀罪。他于20世纪80年代早期在位，当时危地马拉正在经历暴行最多的多年内战。在政府着力打击左翼叛军的行动中，许多土著马扬斯人遭屠杀。Rios Montt否认应对此负责。

The Senate in Argentina has been discussing the future of the Falkland Islands. The Argentine President Cristina Fernandez has rejected an accusation¹¹ by the British Prime Minister David Cameron that her government has a colonialist attitude to the islands, over which Argentina maintains its claim of sovereignty.

阿根廷议会目前在商讨福克兰岛屿的前途问题，阿根廷对该岛屿保有主权。英国首相卡梅隆曾指责阿根廷政府对该岛屿持殖民主义态度，阿根廷总统Cristina Fernandez驳回了该说法。

The Arab League is to ask the United Nations Security Council on Monday to back its plan to end the violence in Syria. On Sunday, the league called for the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to step down and hand power to his deputy. In Syria itself, activists¹² say there have been renewed clashes between the security forces and anti-government protesters near Damascus. Clashes were also reported in Deraa, south of the capital.

This is the World News coming to you from the BBC.

Scientists working with a species of locusts¹⁴ found in Asia believe they've made an important discovery about why the insects gather in such vast numbers. They say the locusts are looking for food which is high in carbohydrates¹⁵ similar to a junk food diet for humans. Writing in the journal Science, the researchers say that the insects find this food on land which is low in nitrogen. The lead researcher Arianne Cease from Arizona State University said this makes them vulnerable to nitrogen fertilizers that encourage the growth of protein-rich foods.

研究一种在亚洲发现的蝗虫的科学家认为，他们已得到重大发现，明白为何这种昆虫能以如此多的数量聚集在一起。科学家说，这种蝗虫在寻找一种高糖食物，相当于人类吃的垃圾食品。研究人员在《科学》杂志上发表了研究结果，称这种昆虫在含氮低的陆地上寻找这种食物。来自亚利桑那州立大学的研究负责人Arianne Cease说，这样这种蝗虫就易受氮肥的伤害，因为氮肥能促进富蛋白食物的增加。

"Our study suggests (that) sort of counter-intuitively that if we have an impending¹⁶ outbreak - so a large number of juveniles¹⁷ of this particular locust¹³ - (that) we could use nitrogen fertilizer to apply that to some of the localised outbreaks, and then that would actually suppress their numbers going into adults and would likely suppress future swarms¹⁸."

“没想到的是，我们的研究发现，如果要有虫灾爆发，也就是大规模的这种蝗虫的幼虫，我们可以用氮肥来制止当地虫灾的发生，这就可以减少成长为成虫的幼虫数量，并可能抑制未来蝗虫泛滥的局面。”

The front-runner in the race to be the next president of France, the Socialist¹⁹ candidate Francois Hollande, says he can erase²⁰ the country's public deficit²¹ and increase spending. Unveiling his manifesto²² , Mr Hollande said he'd increase tax on high earners but cut it for small businesses.

法国下届总统竞选的领先者社会党候选人Francois Hollande称，他宣称将消除本国的公共赤字，增加开支，并增加对高收入者的税收，减少小企业的税收。

A government office in the Irish capital Dublin has banned applicants²³ from wearing pajamas²⁴ when they attend interviews to assess their welfare payments. Andy Martin takes up this story.

爱尔兰首都都柏林一处政府办公室发出禁令，禁止申请者穿睡衣参加评估福利金的面谈，Andy Martin报道。

It may have started when people nipped out wearing their slippers²⁵ to the shops, but welfare officers in north Dublin are, it appears, fed up with what has been branded "pajamafication". In a community welfare office near Blanchards town where unemployed²⁶ people can make appointments to seek advances or supplements to benefits payments, an official warning has now been posted. "Please be advised," it says, "that pajamas are not regarded as appropriate attire²⁷ when attending these offices."

这个习气或许最早是那些穿着拖鞋就匆匆去商店购物的人带动的，但北都柏林福利办事处显然讨厌那些被称为“睡衣主义”的行为。在Blanchards 镇一处社区福利办公室，无业人员可以在这里申请预支或增加救济金，如今这里贴上一条官方警告，上面写道，“请注意，我们认为，穿着睡衣进入此类办公室并不恰当。”

1 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

2 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

3 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

4 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

5 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

6 procurement   

n.采购；获得

参考例句：

• He is in charge of the procurement of materials.他负责物资的采购。
• More and more,human food procurement came to have a dominant effect on their evolution.人类获取食物愈来愈显著地影响到人类的进化。

7 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

8 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

9 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 indigenous   

adj.土产的，土生土长的，本地的

参考例句：

• Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
• Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。

11 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。

12 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 locust   

n.蝗虫；洋槐，刺槐

参考例句：

• A locust is a kind of destructive insect.蝗虫是一种害虫。
• This illustration shows a vertical section through the locust.本图所示为蝗虫的纵剖面。

14 locusts   

n.蝗虫( locust的名词复数 )；贪吃的人；破坏者；槐树

参考例句：

• a swarm of locusts 一大群蝗虫
• In no time the locusts came down and started eating everything. 很快蝗虫就飞落下来开始吃东西，什么都吃。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 carbohydrates   

n.碳水化合物，糖类( carbohydrate的名词复数 )；淀粉质或糖类食物

参考例句：

• The plant uses the carbohydrates to make cellulose. 植物用碳水化合物制造纤维素。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All carbohydrates originate from plants. 所有的碳水化合物均来自植物。 来自辞典例句

16 impending   

a.imminent, about to come or happen

参考例句：

• Against a background of impending famine, heavy fighting took place. 即将发生饥荒之时，严重的战乱爆发了。
• The king convoke parliament to cope with the impending danger. 国王召开国会以应付迫近眉睫的危险。

17 juveniles   

n.青少年( juvenile的名词复数 )；扮演少年角色的演员；未成年人

参考例句：

• Do you think that punishment for violent crimes should be the same for juveniles and adults? 你对暴力犯罪的惩罚对于青少年和成人应一样吗？ 来自生活英语口语25天快训
• Juveniles Should we not exactly in need of such strength and conviction? 少年的我们难道不正是需要这种力量和信念吗？ 来自互联网

18 swarms   

蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They came to town in swarms. 他们蜂拥来到城里。
• On June the first there were swarms of children playing in the park. 6月1日那一天，这个公园里有一群群的孩子玩耍。

19 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

20 erase   

v.擦掉；消除某事物的痕迹

参考例句：

• He tried to erase the idea from his mind.他试图从头脑中抹掉这个想法。
• Please erase my name from the list.请把我的名字从名单上擦去。

21 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

22 manifesto   

n.宣言，声明

参考例句：

• I was involved in the preparation of Labour's manifesto.我参与了工党宣言的起草工作。
• His manifesto promised measures to protect them.他在宣言里保证要为他们采取保护措施。

23 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

24 pajamas   

n.睡衣裤

参考例句：

• At bedtime,I take off my clothes and put on my pajamas.睡觉时，我脱去衣服，换上睡衣。
• He was wearing striped pajamas.他穿着带条纹的睡衣裤。

25 slippers   

n. 拖鞋

参考例句：

• a pair of slippers 一双拖鞋
• He kicked his slippers off and dropped on to the bed. 他踢掉了拖鞋，倒在床上。

26 unemployed   

adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的

参考例句：

• There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
• The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。

27 attire   

v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装

参考例句：

• He had no intention of changing his mode of attire.他无意改变着装方式。
• Her attention was attracted by his peculiar attire.他那奇特的服装引起了她的注意。