英语听力精选进阶版 10101

A British newspaper, The Guardian¹ has reviewed the identity of the man who leaked information about an American surveillance program which monitors computer and telephone networks around the world. The disclosures sparked widespread concern about the extent of secret information gathering². The newspaper said Edward Snowden, a 29-year-old former CIA assistant, was being identified at his own request. Mr Snowden told The Guardian newspaper reporters Glenn Greenwald and Laura Poitras why he had leaked the information.

一名男子泄露了美国一项监督全球电脑和电话网络的监视项目的信息，英国卫报目前报道了此人的身份。泄密事件使得引起全球对秘密信息收集程度的担心。该报称29岁的前中情局助理爱德华·斯诺登已允许确定自己的身份，斯诺登告诉卫报记者格伦·格林沃尔德和罗拉·柏翠丝自己为何泄露秘密。

"When you are subverting³ the power of government, that's a fundamentally dangerous thing to democracy, and if you do that in secret consistently, you know, as the government does when it wants to benefit from that secret action that it took. It'll, kind of, give its officials a mandate⁴ to go, 'Hey, you know, tell the press about this thing and that thing so the public is on our side.'" President Obama has said the surveillance program is vital for uncovering potential terrorist activity.

“你们在颠覆政府的力量，这是对民主的根本危险，如果你一直坚持这么秘密行事，就像政府现在的样子，并希望能从这秘密行动中获益。这就有点像是命令官员这么做，‘嗨，要知道，告诉媒体这件事那件事吧，这样公众就会支持我们。’”总统奥巴马表示，监督项目对于揭露潜在的恐怖主义活动至关重要。

German officials say they are deeply worried to learn about the sophisticated American surveillance program which monitors internet traffic around the world. The Data Protection Commissioner⁵ Peter Schaar has described the measures as monstrous⁶. He's urged the United States to clarify the aims of the program and said the government in Berlin must protect the privacy of its citizens.

听说美国推出先进的监督项目来监视全球互联网，德国官方称非常担心。信息保护专员皮特·沙阿尔称该措施是洪水猛兽，他敦促美国澄清该项目的目标，称柏林政府必须保护其公民的隐私。

Libya's army chief of staff is stepping down after the country's national assembly accepted his resignation. The announcement came shortly after the army was ordered to take control of all bases run by the Libya Shia militia⁷ in Benghazi after the deaths of more than 30 people. Protesters had marched on a militia's barracks on Saturday demanding its dissolution. Rana Jawad reports.

利比亚陆军参谋长向该国全国大会递交辞呈并得到批准，目前准备辞职。就在此前，出现30多人丧生的事件后，军方得到控制班加西被利比亚什叶派民兵全部基地的命令。抗议者周六游行到一处民兵营地，要求解散民兵。 Rana Jawad报道。

Libya's army chief, Youssef al-Mangoush, was due to be replaced soon, but the deadly events in Benghazi appear to have accelerated the process. The General National Congress has adopted a six-point decree which includes accepting the chief of staff's resignation, breaking up militias⁸ and three days of mourning over the deaths in Benghazi.

利比亚陆军参谋长Youssef al-Mangoush即将辞职，但班加西的致命事件似乎加快了这一进程。国民大会通过了一项六点法令，包括接受参谋长的辞职，解散民兵，并对班加西死者哀悼三天。

Turkey's Prime Minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan has warned anti-government demonstrators they will pay a heavy price for continuing their protests. More than 10,000 people have packed Taksim Square in central Istanbul. From where, Mark Lowen reports.

土耳其总理雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安警告反政府游行者，如果继续抗议，将自己承担严重后果。一万多人聚集在伊斯坦布尔中心的塔克西姆，马克·罗文报道。

Here in Taksim Square, there has been one of the largest demonstrations⁹ since these unrests began over a week ago. Thousands came for concerts and speeches chanting for the Prime Minister to resign. But Recep Tayyip Erdogan has rallied his troops too, he told the supporters in Ankara, that his patience was running out and the protesters were looters and marginal elements, warning them you have started this fight against us, you will pay the price very heavily. While the Prime Minister has lost control of the central Istanbul, his supporters now plan large rallies in the days to come.

塔克西姆广场上的这次游行，是自一周前动乱开始以来最大规模的一次。数千人赶来高呼要求总理辞职，但雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安也在集结自己的力量，他在安卡拉告诉支持者们，他的耐心快用完了，且抗议者是掠夺者和边缘分子，并警告他们，既然你们先对我们作斗争，那你们就要为此付出重大代价。尽管总理已经失去对伊斯坦布尔中心的控制，他的支持者仍计划未来几天举行更大规模的集会。

Voters in Switzerland gave their overwhelming backing to a tightening¹⁰ of the rules on asylum¹¹. Final results from a nationwide referendum showed that almost 80% approve changes made to the asylum law last September. Under the new rules, military desertion is no longer a reason for granting asylum, and people are prevented from applying for asylum through Swiss embassies in other countries.

瑞士选民压倒性地支持加强避难规定的议案，全国公投的最后结果显示，近80%的选民支持改变去年9月份的避难法。根据新法，擅离军职不再作为批准避难的理由，其他国家的人们不再允许通过瑞士大使申请避难。

At least six people have been wounded in Kenya by an explosion in the port city of Mombasa. Attackers on a motorbike hurled¹² an improvised¹³ bomb into a church service. One report says a separate attack took place in the capital Nairobi where a grenade is said to have been thrown at a crowd in a largely ethnic¹⁴ Somali district of Eastleigh injuring three people.

肯尼亚海港城市蒙巴萨岛发生爆炸案，至少6人受伤。袭击乘摩托车向教堂礼拜投了一枚简易炸弹。有报道称首都内罗毕发生另一起袭击案，据说一枚手榴弹被扔到一处主要是索马里人的伊斯特利社区，导致3人受伤。

One of Britain's best known authors, the novelist Iain Banks has died at the age of 59. He was diagnosed with cancer in March. In his final book, The Quarry¹⁵, to be published later this month, he details the emotional and physical trauma¹⁶ wrought¹⁷ by his cancer. Nick Higham looks back at his life.

英国最著名小说家伊恩·班克斯去世，享年59岁。三月份他被确诊为癌症，在他最后的作品—本月底将出版的《采石场》中，他详细描述了受癌症折磨所经历的情感和身体折磨。尼克·海厄姆回顾他的一生。

For a man, whose books were so dark, Iain Banks was a remarkably¹⁸ sunny fellow, open, engaging, and funny. His first published novel, The Wasp¹⁹ Factory appeared in 1984. It was about a teenage murderer and torturing enthusiast²⁰ living on a Scottish Island, it was bleak²¹ and disturbing. Some called it 'macabre²² and depraved', it was also very funny. He published more than two dozen novels, and another book celebrating his love of whisky and fast cars, Raw Spirit. When he announced he'd been diagnosed with terminal cancer. In a statement, he said he'd asked his long-term partner, Adele Hartley to do with the honor of 'becoming my widow', the couple married on Good Friday.

伊恩·班克斯的书很阴暗，但本人却非常阳光、开放、迷人、有趣。他的处女作《捕蜂器》1984年面世，书中描述了居住在苏格兰岛的一名少年谋杀犯和虐待爱好者，故事阴冷、令人不安。有人称这部作品“可怕又堕落”，其实也很有趣的。作者出版了20多本小说，还有一本书《无水酒精》赞扬了自己对威士忌和快车的爱好。当他宣布自己已癌症晚期时，他在声明中说，他已请求长期伴侣阿黛尔·哈特利接受“成为我的遗孀”这个荣誉，这对夫妻是在耶稣受难日结婚的。

The Spaniard Rafael Nadal has won the record eight French Open Tennis championship beating David Ferrer in straight sets. No other man has won an individual Grand Slam tournament as many times. The victory completes Nadal's comeback from injuries which severely²³ limited his tennis for much of the past year.

西班牙人拉斐尔·纳达尔连续几局打败大卫·费雷尔，赢得法网公开赛。再没有其他人赢得这么多次的个人大满贯，去年纳达尔受伤，导致一年的大部分时间无法参赛，这次胜利给他的恢复画上了句号。

1 guardian   

n.监护人；守卫者，保护者

参考例句：

• The form must be signed by the child's parents or guardian. 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。
• The press is a guardian of the public weal. 报刊是公共福利的卫护者。

2 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

3 subverting   

v.颠覆，破坏（政治制度、宗教信仰等）( subvert的现在分词 )；使（某人）道德败坏或不忠

参考例句：

• This viewpoint sees the Multinational Corporation as capable of circumventing or subverting national objectives and policies. 这种观点认为，跨国公司能够遏制和破坏国家的目标和政策。 来自辞典例句
• By simply subverting an expectation, a novelist can undermine a prejudice. 藉由完全推翻期待，一个小说家可以逐渐破坏一种歧视。 来自互联网

4 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

5 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

6 monstrous   

adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的

参考例句：

• The smoke began to whirl and grew into a monstrous column.浓烟开始盘旋上升，形成了一个巨大的烟柱。
• Your behaviour in class is monstrous!你在课堂上的行为真是丢人！

7 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

8 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

9 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

10 tightening   

上紧，固定，紧密

参考例句：

• Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前，检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
• It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。

11 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

12 hurled   

v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 )；大声叫骂

参考例句：

• He hurled a brick through the window. 他往窗户里扔了块砖。
• The strong wind hurled down bits of the roof. 大风把屋顶的瓦片刮了下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 improvised   

a.即席而作的,即兴的

参考例句：

• He improvised a song about the football team's victory. 他即席创作了一首足球队胜利之歌。
• We improvised a tent out of two blankets and some long poles. 我们用两条毛毯和几根长竿搭成一个临时帐蓬。

14 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

15 quarry   

n.采石场；v.采石；费力地找

参考例句：

• Michelangelo obtained his marble from a quarry.米开朗基罗从采石场获得他的大理石。
• This mountain was the site for a quarry.这座山曾经有一个采石场。

16 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

17 wrought   

v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的

参考例句：

• Events in Paris wrought a change in British opinion towards France and Germany.巴黎发生的事件改变了英国对法国和德国的看法。
• It's a walking stick with a gold head wrought in the form of a flower.那是一个金质花形包头的拐杖。

18 remarkably   

ad.不同寻常地，相当地

参考例句：

• I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。
• He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

19 wasp   

n.黄蜂，蚂蜂

参考例句：

• A wasp stung me on the arm.黄蜂蜇了我的手臂。
• Through the glass we can see the wasp.透过玻璃我们可以看到黄蜂。

20 enthusiast   

n.热心人，热衷者

参考例句：

• He is an enthusiast about politics.他是个热衷于政治的人。
• He was an enthusiast and loved to evoke enthusiasm in others.他是一个激情昂扬的人，也热中于唤起他人心中的激情。

21 bleak   

adj.(天气)阴冷的；凄凉的；暗淡的

参考例句：

• They showed me into a bleak waiting room.他们引我来到一间阴冷的会客室。
• The company's prospects look pretty bleak.这家公司的前景异常暗淡。

22 macabre   

adj.骇人的，可怖的

参考例句：

• He takes a macabre interest in graveyards.他那么留意墓地，令人毛骨悚然。
• Mr Dahl was well-known for his macabre adult stories called 'Tales of the Unexpected'.达尔先生以成人恐怖小说集《意料之外的故事》闻名于世。

23 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。