英语新闻听写 有了神奇力量,老鼠不再怕猫?

Brainy Mice' May Lead to Better Cognitive¹ Disorder² Treatments

有了神奇力量，老鼠不再怕猫

According to a new study, by changing a gene³ in mice, researchers were able make them more intelligent and less susceptible⁴ to fear and anxiety.

最新研究发现，通过改变老鼠基因能够使其更加聪明，紧张感和焦虑感也会慢慢减弱。

Researchers believe their work could lead to new treatments for disorders⁵ that include cognitive declines,

研究人员认为这可能是治疗认知障碍疾病的新疗法，

such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder.

比如说阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease），精神分裂和创伤后应激障碍等疾病。

The researchers altered genes⁶ in mice to inhibit⁷ PDE4B is present in many organs of vertebrates, including humans.

研究人员改变老鼠基因成功抑制磷酸二酯酶-4B(PDE4B)的活跃性，很多脊椎动物体内都含有这种酶，包括人类。

In behavioral tests, the mice whose genes had been learned faster, remembered events longer and solved complex exercises better than mice without the alteration⁸.

在行为能力测试中，与普通老鼠相比，PDE4B-抑制老鼠的学习能力增强，记忆时间更长，更擅长完成复杂运动。

The PDE4B-inhibited mice also spent more time in open spaces, brightly lit spaces and displayed lower levels of fear in the presence of cat urine,

PDE4B-抑制老鼠多数时间会呆在空旷、灯光辉煌的空间，对猫尿的恐惧感也大幅度减弱，

as opposed to regular mice who displayed normal levels of fear at the potential of a cat nearby.

而普通老鼠则喜欢呆在黑暗封闭环境，对猫可能出没的区域也甚是恐惧。

1 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

2 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

3 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

4 susceptible   

adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的

参考例句：

• Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
• We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。

5 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

7 inhibit   

vt.阻止，妨碍，抑制

参考例句：

• Don't let ego and greed inhibit clear thinking and hard work.不要让自我和贪婪妨碍清晰的思维和刻苦的工作。
• They passed a law to inhibit people from parking in the street.他们通过一项法令以阻止人们在街上停车。

8 alteration   

n.变更，改变；蚀变

参考例句：

• The shirt needs alteration.这件衬衣需要改一改。
• He easily perceived there was an alteration in my countenance.他立刻看出我的脸色和往常有些不同。