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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
导言阅读
纳尔逊·曼德拉1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯一个大酋长家庭，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格。曼德拉自幼性格刚强，崇敬民族英雄。曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。非国大执委、德兰士瓦省主席、全国副主席。他成功地组织并领导了“蔑视不公正法令运动”，赢得了全体黑人的尊敬。于1994年至1999年任南非总统，被尊为“南非国父”。本篇为曼德拉就职演说。演讲者没有强烈的谴责，没有愤怒的控诉，也没有一味地粉饰太平，而是怨而不怒喜而不狂，以肺腑之言力求引起最广泛的共鸣，恰到好处地表达了在这非常时刻人们共同的心情。
演讲实录
Your Majesties1, Your Highnesses, Distinguished2 Guests, Comrades and friends:
Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our celebrations in other parts of ourcountry and the world, confer glory and hope to newborn liberty.
Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be born asociety of which all humanity will be proud. Our daily deeds as ordinary South Africans mustproduce an actual South African reality that will reinforce humanity's belief in justice, strengthenits confidence in the nobility of the human soul and sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all.
All this we owe both to ourselves and to the peoples of the world who are so well represented heretoday.
To my compatriots , I have no hesitation3 in saying that each one of us is as intimatelyattached to the soil of this beautiful country as are the famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and themimosa trees of the bush. Each time one of us touches the soil of this land, we feel a sense ofpersonal renewal4 . The national mood changes as the seasons change. We are moved by a sense ofjoy and exhilaration when the grass turns green and the flowers bloom. That spiritual and physicaloneness we all share with this common homeland explains the depth of the pain we all carried inour hearts as we saw our country tear itself apart in a terrible conflict, and as we saw it spurned6 ,outlawed8 and isolated9 by the peoples of the world, precisely10 because it has become the universalbase of the pernicious ideology11 and practice of racism12 and racial oppression.
We, the people of South Africa, feel fulfilled that humanity has taken us back into its bosom,that we, who were outlaws13 not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host tothe nations of the world on our own soil. We thank all our distinguished international guests forhaving come to take possession with the people of our country of what is, after all, a commonvictory for justice, for peace, for human dignity. We trust that you will continue to stand by us aswe tackle the challenges of building peace, prosperity, non-sexism, non-racialism and democracy.
We deeply appreciate the role that the masses of our people and their political massdemocratic, religious, women, youth, business, traditional and other leaders have played to bringabout this conclusion. Not least among them is my Second Deputy President, the Honorable F.W.
de Klerk.
The time for the healing of the wounds has come.
The moment to bridge the chasms14 that divide us has come.
The time to build is upon us.
We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation15. We pledge ourselves to liberate16 all ourpeople from the continuing bondage17 of poverty, deprivation18 , suffering, gender19 and otherdiscrimination.
We succeeded to take our last steps to freedom in conditions of relative peace. We commitourselves to the construction of a complete, just and lasting21 peace.
We have triumphed in the effort to implant22 hope in the breasts of the millions of our people.
We enter into a covenant23 that we shall build the society in which all South Africans, both blackand white, will be able to walk tall, without any fear in their hearts, assured of their inalienableright to human dignity--a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the world.
As a token of its commitment to the renewal of our country, the new Interim24 Government ofNational Unity25 will, as a matter of urgency, address the issue of amnesty for various categories ofour people who are currently serving terms of imprisonment26.
We dedicate this day to all the heroes and heroines in this country and the rest of the worldwho sacrificed in many ways and surrendered their lives so that we could be free.
Their dreams have become reality. Freedom is their reward.
We are both humbled27 and elevated by the honor and privilege that you, the people of SouthAfrica, have bestowed28 on us, as the first President of a united, democratic, non-racial and non-sexist South Africa, to lead our country out of the valley of darkness.
We understand it still that there is no easy road to freedom.
We know it well that none of us acting29 alone can achieve success.
We must therefore act together as a united people, for national reconciliation30 , for nationbuilding, for the birth of a new world.
Let there be justice for all.
Let there be peace for all.
Let there be work, bread, water and salt for all.
Let each know that for each the body, the mind and the soul have been freed to fulfillthemselves.
Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience theoppression of one by another and suffer the indignity31 of being the skunk32 of the world.
The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement!
God bless Africa!
参考译文
陛下，殿下，尊贵的嘉宾，同胞们，朋友们：
今天，我们会聚于此，与我国和世界其他地方前来庆贺的人士一起，对新生的自由赋予光辉和希望。
这异常的人类悲剧太过漫长了，这经验孕育出一个令全人类引以自豪的社会。作为南非的一介平民，我们日常的一举一动，都要为南非创造现实条件，去巩固人类对正义的信念，增强人类对心灵深处高尚品德的信心，以及让所有人保持对美好生活的期望。
对我的同胞，我可以毫不犹疑地说，我们每一个人都跟这美丽祖国的大地亲密地牢不可分，就如红木树之于比勒陀利亚，含羞草之于灌木林。我们对这共同的家乡在精神上和肉体上有共同的感觉，当目睹国家因可怕的冲突而变得四分五裂，遭全球人民唾弃、孤立，特别是它成为恶毒的意识形态时，我们的内心如此痛苦。
我们南非人民，对全人类将我们再度纳入怀抱，感到非常高兴。不久之前，我们还遭全世界摒弃，而现在却能在自己的土地上，招待各国的嘉宾。我们非常感谢我国广大人民，以及各方民主政治、宗教、妇女、青年、商业及其他方面领袖所做的贡献，使我们取得了上述的成就。特别功不可没的，是我的第二副总统——德克勒克先生。
治愈创伤的时候已经来临。
消除创伤的时机已经来临。
消除分隔我们的鸿沟的时刻已经来临。
创建的时机就在眼前。
我们终于取得了政治解放。我们承诺，会将依然陷于贫穷、剥削、苦难、受着性别及其他歧视的国人解放出来。
我们已成功地让我们千千万万的国人的心中燃起希望。我们立下誓约，要建立一个让所有南非人，不论是黑人还是白人，都可以昂首阔步的社会。他们心中不再有恐惧，他们可以肯定自己拥有不可剥夺的人类尊严——这是一个在国内及与其他各国之间都保持和平的美好国度。
作为我国致力更新的证明，新的全国统一过渡政府的当务之急是处理目前在狱中服刑囚犯的特赦问题。
我们将今天献给为我们的自由而献出生命和作出牺牲的我国以至世界其他地方的英雄。
他们的理想现已成真，自由就是他们的报酬。
作为一个统一、民主、非种族主义和非性别主义的南非首任总统，负责带领国家脱离黑暗的深谷，我们怀着既谦恭又欣喜的心情接受你们给予我们的这份荣誉与权利。
我们深信，自由之路从来都不易走。
我们很清楚，没有任何一个人可以单独取得成功。
因此，为了全国和解，建设国家，为了一个新世界的诞生，我们必须团结成为一个民族，共同行动。
让所有人得享正义。
让所有人得享和平。
让所有人得享工作、面包、水、盐分。
让每个人都明白，每个人的身体、思想和灵魂都获得解放，从属于自己。
这片美丽的土地永远、永远、永远再不会经历人对人的压迫，以及遭全球唾弃的屈辱。对于如此光辉的成就，太阳永不会停止照耀。
让自由战胜一切。
愿上帝保佑南非！
Vocabulary Bank
1. confer ［k?n'f?: ］v 授予某人（学位或头衔等）The Queen conferred knighthoods on several distinguished men.
女王将爵士头衔授予几位杰出人士。
2. reinforce ［?ri:in'f?:s ］v 强化，加深
This evidence reinforces my view that he is a spy.
这个证据进一步证实了我认为他是间谍的看法。
3. compatriot ［k?m'p?tri?t ］n 同胞，同国人
Chris Robertson of Australia beat his compatriot Chris Dittmar in the final.
澳大利亚的罗伯逊在决赛中击败同胞选手狄特马。
4. renew ［ri'nju: ］v 赋予新的生命和活力，使复元Her kindness made him regard her with renewed affection.
她十分体贴，使他对她重生情愫。
She spurned his advances.
她轻蔑地拒绝了他的追求。
6. pernicious ［p?:'ni??s ］adj 有害的，破坏性的Pollution of the water supply reached a level pernicious to the health of the population.
水源污染已达到危及居民健康的程度。
7. ideology ［?aidi'?l??i, idi'?l??i ］n 思想（体系），思想意识Our ideologies34 differ.
我们的意识形态不同。
8. outlaw7 ［'autl?: ］n 犯法后躲藏起来的人
Bands of outlaws lived in the forest.
成群的歹徒犯法后栖身于树林中。
9. tackle ［'t?kl ］v 应付，处理（棘手的问题，困难的工作等）It's time to tackle my homework.
现在该处理我的家庭作业了。
10. pledge ［ple? ］v 保证给予（支持等），以（誓言，名誉等）作担保The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims.
政府已承诺赈济饥民。
11. deprivation ［?depri'vei??n ］n 被剥夺的事物，丧失的事物Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.
错过假日是极大的损失。
12. implant ［im'plɑ:nt ］v 灌输，注入（思想等）In this operation the surgeons implant a new lens in the eye.
医生在这次手术中给病人的眼球植入了新的水晶体。
13. covenant ［'k?vin?nt ］n （有法律约束力的）协议，盟约 v 订立盟约I've covenanted35 that I'll pay 100 a year.
我立约承诺每年捐款100英镑。
14. token ［'t?uk?n ］n 标志，证据
These flowers are a small token of my gratitude36.
谨以此花聊表谢意。
15. interim ［'int?rim20 ］adj 暂时的，临时的
She was sworn in as head of an interim government in March.
她在三月被任命为临时政府的首脑。
16. amnesty ［'?mnesti ］n 大赦（尤指对国家所犯的罪行）An amnesty has been declared.
已经宣布大赦了。
17. reconciliation ［?rek?nsili'ei??n ］n 和解，调和，一致He managed to bring about a reconciliation between his former enemies.
他与旧时的仇敌和解。
18. oppression ［?'pre??n ］n 压迫，压制
This country has a history of oppression.
这个国家曾遭受过压迫。
19. skunk ［sk??k ］n 卑鄙，糟糕的人或物
How could you cheat your own children, you skunk!
你怎么能欺骗自己的孩子，你这个坏家伙！
Language Guide
Pretoria
比勒陀利亚
比勒陀利亚，又名茨瓦内、茨瓦尼或茨瓦纳，是位于南非北部的城市，亦是南非的行政首都。南非总统府位于这个城市内，各国使馆亦集中于此城的使馆街，所以事实上比勒陀利亚是南非的政治决策中心。城市建于1855年，市内种满不同的花草树木，故亦有“花园城”的美誉。
F.W. de Klerk
弗雷德里克·威廉·德克勒克
德克勒克是南非政治家，南非共和国最后一任白人总统（1989—1994），他结束了南非种族隔离制度，并议定了向多数派执政的过渡，南非在从种族主义制度向新社会艰难迈进中能够避免大规模流血冲突，从而基本实现和平过渡，德克勒克与曼德拉这一对“黑白双星”均功不可没。因此他和纳尔逊·曼德拉一起获得诺贝尔和平奖。
Grammar Master
1. not least常用于表示“尤其，特别”，突出强调的意味。
例 It comes in many forms，prompted by various factors，not least fatigue37.
它有很多种形式，也有各种成因，尤其是疲劳。
例 Athens has been a headache to International Olympic Committee， not least because ofinfighting.
雅典已经令国际奥组委大为头疼，尤其是由于那里有混战。
注意not least与not the least用法有别，切勿混淆，not the least可用于许多场合，具体含义需根据上下文判断。not the least可以表示“绝对不，一点也不”的意思。
例 Actually I was amazed at the treatment room, cause it did not look in the least clinical.
其实我被那治疗室惊呆了，因为那儿看起来一点儿都不像诊所。
例 The dogs of Kamchatka are not in the least different from ours.
堪察加半岛的狗和我们这里的几乎没有什么区别。
not the least也可用于表示“一点也没有”。
例 Don is not the least bit interested in her.
唐对她没有丝毫的兴趣。
例 Many of these soldiers were not the least bit sorry for what they had done.
这些士兵中的大多数对他们的所作所为没有一丝忏悔之意。
not the least还可用来表示“最大”。
例 Not the least of the attractions at Udawalawe is the large population of wild Asian Elephants.
达瓦拉维最吸引人的地方在于这里大量的野生亚洲象。
2. condition的用法很多，既可解释为“状态，处境”，也可解释为“条件，约定”，可以根据不同的词组搭配来判断condition的意思。
be in no condition to do 不适于做某事
例 He is in no condition to travel.
他的健康状况不宜于旅行。
in /out of condition 身体或者心理状况好/不好，健康状况佳/不佳例 I have had no exercise for ages; I am really out of condition.
我很久没运动了，现在健康状况欠佳。
be in good/bad condition 处于好/坏的状态
例 Are the lens in good condition?
镜头状况良好吗？
on condition that 在……条件下
例 I shall buy this house on condition that you sell it to me a little cheaper.
如果你把这幢房子便宜点卖给我，我就会买。
make it a condition that 以……为条件
例 He is allowed to go out, but his parents make it a condition that he shall get home beforemidnight.
他父母允许他出去，但规定他要在午夜前回家。
on no condition 绝对不要
例 You must on no condition climb that high wall.
你绝对不要爬那堵高墙。
收听单词发音 |
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majesties
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| n.雄伟( majesty的名词复数 )；庄严；陛下；王权 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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hesitation
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| n.犹豫，踌躇 | |
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renewal
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| adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来 | |
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spurn
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| v.拒绝，摈弃；n.轻视的拒绝；踢开 | |
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spurned
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| v.一脚踢开，拒绝接受( spurn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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outlaw
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| n.歹徒，亡命之徒；vt.宣布…为不合法 | |
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outlawed
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| 宣布…为不合法（outlaw的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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isolated
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| adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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ideology
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| n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识 | |
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racism
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| n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识) | |
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outlaws
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| 歹徒，亡命之徒( outlaw的名词复数 )； 逃犯 | |
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chasms
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| 裂缝( chasm的名词复数 )； 裂口； 分歧； 差别 | |
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emancipation
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| n.（从束缚、支配下）解放 | |
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liberate
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| v.解放，使获得自由，释出，放出；vt.解放，使获自由 | |
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bondage
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| n.奴役，束缚 | |
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deprivation
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| n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困 | |
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gender
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| n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性 | |
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rim
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| n.(圆物的)边，轮缘；边界 | |
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lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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implant
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| vt.注入，植入，灌输 | |
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covenant
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| n.盟约，契约；v.订盟约 | |
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interim
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| adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间 | |
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unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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humbled
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| adj. 卑下的，谦逊的，粗陋的 vt. 使 ... 卑下，贬低 | |
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bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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reconciliation
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| n.和解，和谐，一致 | |
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indignity
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| n.侮辱，伤害尊严，轻蔑 | |
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skunk
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| n.臭鼬，黄鼠狼；v.使惨败，使得零分；烂醉如泥 | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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ideologies
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| n.思想（体系）( ideology的名词复数 )；思想意识；意识形态；观念形态 | |
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covenanted
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| v.立约，立誓( covenant的过去分词 ) | |
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gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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