侏罗纪搏击俱乐部 第142期:爪子无法干掉你

 　　Cats are basically designed as hunt-and-kill predators².

　　猫科动物基本是猎杀型掠食者。

　　They are carnivores, that's what they do as carnivores, is they chase things down and kill them.

　　它们是食肉动物，这类食肉动物追赶猎物然后杀死它们。

　　These short-faced bears, on the other hand, what it looks like they were doing is that they were well adapted to move long distances, not necessarily to chase things down and kill them or at least not in the way that cats do.

　　反之，这些短面熊看起来它们更加适合进行长距离移动，不一定非得追上并杀死猎物，起码跟猫科动物的方式不同。

　　Once the lion had locked onto its prey³, it was oblivious⁴ to everything else.

　　一旦狮子锁定它的猎物，它就察觉不到其他的事情。

　　The lion has retractable⁵ claws, and so they can protect those while they're just running.

　　这种狮子有可伸缩的爪子，所以它们在跑动时能保护那些爪子。

　　They can invoke⁶ those claws when they're struggling with animals, and they can pierce the skin with those claws.

　　当它们跟其它动物搏斗时就会伸出这些爪子，它们能用这些爪子刺入猎物皮毛。

　　The short face bear do not have the retraction⁷ that the lion has.

　　短面熊没有狮子那种能缩回去的爪子。

　　They're basically very long claws, and they could probably rake other animals and cause serious injury that way.

　　它们的爪子非常长，它们也许会像耙子一样掠过其他的动物而带来严重的上海。

　　When we compare it to the cats of today, the lion is very large but the lions of the Pleistocene were a little larger, large teeth, large shearing⁸ teeth.

　　我们把拟狮和如今的猫科动物相比，现代狮子非常巨大，但是更新世的拟狮更胜一筹，牙齿也很大，用来切割大牙。

　　When we compare that to the bear, the musculature on the top of their head tells us they had a powerful bite, the lower jaw⁹ musculature tells us they had a very powerful bite, the wear patterns on the teeth tell us that they were actually very powerful bites.

　　我们将其与熊齿兽比较，它们头上部的肌肉结构表明它们的咬合力很大，它们下颌的肌肉机构表明了巨大的咬合力，牙齿上的磨损情况也说明它们的咬合非常有力。

　　What advantage it had in its weaponry was these really long arms that it had.

　　熊齿兽武器的优势在于它异常长的前肢。

　　And so it could reach out and smack¹⁰ things with those long arms if it needed to.

　　如果有必要它们能够伸出长长的前肢猛击目标。

　　The lion had two major advantages.

　　拟狮有两个主要优势。

　　The first were its 20 razor sharp, retractable claws.

　　第一是二十个剃刀般锋利能够伸缩的爪子。

　　If the claws didn't get you, the jaws¹¹ would.

　　如果这些爪子还不能干掉你，它还有双颌。

　　With its massive canine¹² teeth, and powerful bite force behind them, this cat could take on any rival.

　　利用其巨大的犬齿，和非常有力的咬合力，这种猫科动物能对付任何对手。

　　Although these mammals were separated by millions of years from the dinosaurs¹³, they still played the same basic roles.

　　尽管这些哺乳动物与恐龙时期相隔数千万年，它们所扮演的角色基本一样。

　　Looking at the Mega Lion, it's easy to compare it to a Nanotyrannus.

　　看看拟狮，很容易便会把它和矮暴龙做对比。

　　Neither were overly large predators, but they were equipped with the weapons and musculature that allowed them to take on prey much larger than themselves.

　　两者都不是体型过大的掠食者，但却都有着强大的武装和肌肉，让它们能够攻击比自己还大的猎物。

　　Now looking at the bear, its dinosaurian¹⁴ counterpart would be Tyrannosaurus.

　　再看看短面熊，和它相匹配的恐龙就是暴龙。

　　Like T-Rex, the bear could take on anything it wanted and it had little to fear from anything other than a bigger bear.

　　和霸王龙一样，短面熊能够攻击任何它想攻击的猎物，除了比它更大的短面熊外没让它害怕的。

　　And if it didn't feel like catching¹⁵ its own prey, it could use its tremendous size and massive power to simply take food away from another predator¹.

　　而且要是它不想自己捕捉猎物，它可以用庞大的体型和惊人的力量直接从其它掠食者那里抢夺食物

1 predator   

n.捕食其它动物的动物；捕食者

参考例句：

• The final part of this chapter was devoted to a brief summary of predator species.本章最后部分简要总结了食肉动物。
• Komodo dragon is the largest living lizard and a fearsome predator.科摩多龙是目前存在的最大蜥蜴，它是一种令人恐惧的捕食性动物。

2 predators   

n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）

参考例句：

• birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
• The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 prey   

n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨

参考例句：

• Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
• The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。

4 oblivious   

adj.易忘的，遗忘的，忘却的，健忘的

参考例句：

• Mother has become quite oblivious after the illness.这次病后，妈妈变得特别健忘。
• He was quite oblivious of the danger.他完全没有察觉到危险。

5 retractable   

adj.可收回的；可撤消的；可缩回的；可缩进的

参考例句：

• a knife with a retractable blade 弹簧刀
• So, any thoughts of what you want for the retractable bed kid? 那么想为那个睡折叠床的小子做什么？ 来自电影对白

6 invoke   

v.求助于(神、法律)；恳求，乞求

参考例句：

• Let us invoke the blessings of peace.让我们祈求和平之福。
• I hope I'll never have to invoke this clause and lodge a claim with you.我希望我永远不会使用这个条款向你们索赔。

7 retraction   

n.撤消；收回

参考例句：

• He demanded a full retraction of the allegations against him.他要求完全收回针对他的言论。
• The newspaper published a retraction of the erroneous report.那家报纸声明撤回那篇错误的报道。

8 shearing   

n.剪羊毛，剪取的羊毛v.剪羊毛( shear的现在分词 )；切断；剪切

参考例句：

• The farmer is shearing his sheep. 那农夫正在给他的羊剪毛。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The result of this shearing force is to push the endoplasm forward. 这种剪切力作用的结果是推动内质向前。 来自辞典例句

9 jaw   

n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训

参考例句：

• He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
• A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。

10 smack   

vt.拍，打，掴；咂嘴；vi.含有…意味；n.拍

参考例句：

• She gave him a smack on the face.她打了他一个嘴巴。
• I gave the fly a smack with the magazine.我用杂志拍了一下苍蝇。

11 jaws   

n.口部；嘴

参考例句：

• The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。
• The scored jaws of a vise help it bite the work. 台钳上有刻痕的虎钳牙帮助它紧咬住工件。

12 canine   

adj.犬的，犬科的

参考例句：

• The fox is a canine animal.狐狸是犬科动物。
• Herbivorous animals have very small canine teeth,or none.食草动物的犬牙很小或者没有。

13 dinosaurs   

n.恐龙( dinosaur的名词复数 )；守旧落伍的人，过时落后的东西

参考例句：

• The brontosaurus was one of the largest of all dinosaurs. 雷龙是所有恐龙中最大的一种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 恐龙绝种已有几百万年了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 dinosaurian   

adj.恐龙的，似恐龙的n.恐龙

参考例句：

• Those who having dinosaurian body is medium grain is in its local the muscle that aardwolf. 有着恐龙身躯的中粮在它的局部显出了土狼的肌肉。 来自互联网

15 catching   

adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住

参考例句：

• There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
• Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。