文化:英式下午茶的前世今生

 　　文化:英式下午茶的前世今生

　　Afternoon tea, that most quintessential of English customs is, perhaps surprisingly, a relatively¹ new tradition.

　　下午茶是英国传统的精华所在，但它并没有特别悠久的历史。

　　Whilst the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium² BC in China and was popularised in England during the 1660s by King Charles II, it was not until the mid³ 19th century that the concept of ‘afternoon tea’ first appeared.

　　在中国，饮茶的历史可以追溯到公元前3000年，而在英国，喝茶的风俗直到17世纪60年代英王查尔斯二世时期才开始兴盛起来。而下午茶的概念要到19世纪中叶才出现。

　　Afternoon tea was introduced in England by Anna, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, in the year 1840.

　　下午茶是由第七任贝德福公爵夫人安娜在1840年创造出来的。

　　The Duchess would become hungry around four o'clock in the afternoon. The evening meal in her household was served fashionably late at eight o'clock, thus leaving a long period of time between lunch and dinner.

　　公爵夫人在下午四点钟左右常常会感到饥饿，而根据当时的风尚，晚餐要在八点钟才会开始，于是午餐和晚餐中间就有很长的一段时间。

　　The Duchess asked that a tray of tea, bread and butter and cake be brought to her room during the late afternoon. This became a habit of hers and she began inviting⁴ friends to join her.

　　公爵夫人就命人把茶，黄油面包和蛋糕在下午晚些时候送到她的房间里去吃。这以后就成了她的习惯了，而且她开始邀请好友一起来饮茶吃点心。

　　This pause for tea became a fashionable social event. During the 1880's upper-class and society women would change into long gowns, gloves and hats for their afternoon tea which was usually served in the drawing room between four and five o'clock.

　　自此之后，茶歇就成了一种社会潮流。在19世纪80年代，通常，下午茶会安排在起居室，时间大约是在下午四点到五点，而上层社会的女士们则会穿着长裙，戴手套和帽子来品用下午茶。

　　Traditional afternoon tea consists of a selection of dainty sandwiches, scones⁵ served with clotted⁶ cream. Cakes and pastries⁷ are also served.

　　传统的下午茶包括精选的三明治，英式奶油松饼，还有蛋糕和其他甜点。

　　Tea grown in India or Ceylon is poured from silver tea pots into delicate bone china cups.

　　选用印度或锡兰（现斯里兰卡）出产的茶叶放入银质茶壶内泡茶，再将茶水倒在精致的骨瓷茶杯中饮用。

1 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

2 millennium   

n.一千年，千禧年；太平盛世

参考例句：

• The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。
• We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。

3 mid   

adj.中央的，中间的

参考例句：

• Our mid-term exam is pending.我们就要期中考试了。
• He switched over to teaching in mid-career.他在而立之年转入教学工作。

4 inviting   

adj.诱人的，引人注目的

参考例句：

• An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
• The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人，使人感到亲切温馨。

5 scones   

n.烤饼，烤小圆面包( scone的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• scones and jam with clotted cream 夹有凝脂奶油和果酱的烤饼
• She makes scones and cakes for the delectation of visitors. 她烘制了烤饼和蛋糕供客人享用。 来自辞典例句

6 clotted   

adj.凝结的v.凝固( clot的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• scones and jam with clotted cream 夹有凝脂奶油和果酱的烤饼
• Perspiration clotted his hair. 汗水使他的头发粘在一起。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

7 pastries   

n.面粉制的糕点

参考例句：

• He gave a dry laugh, then sat down and started on the pastries. 杜新箨说着干笑一声，坐下去就吃点心。 来自子夜部分
• Mike: So many! I like Xijiang raisins, beef jerky, and local pastries. 麦克：太多了。我最喜欢吃新疆葡萄干、牛肉干和风味点心。