DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Human

By Jill Moss¹
DEVELOPMENT REPORT –August 26, 2002: Human Development Report

This is the VOA Special English Development Report.

The United Nations Human Development Program has released its yearly study on the
quality of life for people around the world. The U-N report was started in nineteen-ninety
to measure the progress of nations based on the lives of their citizens.

This year’s report lists one-hundred-seventy-three countries. It is based on the length of
time citizens are expected to live, their education level and the amount of money they earn.
Norway was listed as the country providing the best quality of life for the second year. It
was followed by Sweden, Canada, Belgium, Australia and the United States. The twenty four
countries at the bottom of the list are all in Africa.

The report says many countries in East Asia have made progress since nineteen -ninety.
They include China, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Malaysia.

In Latin America and the Caribbean, as many as nine countries improved since nineteen-ninety. They include
Chile, Costa Rica and Panama. At the same time, many countries in Eastern and Central Europe and the former
Soviet² Union lost progress in the quality of life for their citizens. This was because of problems with economic
reforms. They include Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Tajikistan.

This year’s human development report centered on the issue of democracy. Researchers found that a majority of
people live in countries claiming to be democratic. However, civil rights and political freedoms were limited in
one-hundred-six nations. Also, the number of voters taking part in elections is decreasing. In addition, cheating,
wrongdoing and unfair politics have weakened the democratic process. In some countries, elected governments
have not carried out democratic reforms. This has led to public opposition³ to the government and a return to
military rule.

U-N officials say that democratic changes are slow in some countries. However, the report shows that
international development goals set at the start of the twenty-first century can be met. For this to happen, they say
developing countries need to move quicker toward economic, social and political reforms. And they say rich
countries must become more open to trade while increasing aid and other resources.

This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss.

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1 moss   

n.苔，藓，地衣

参考例句：

• Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
• He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。

2 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。