VOA时事新闻2023 逃往以色列的乌克兰人再遇战争

逃往以色列的乌克兰人再遇战争

Thousands of Ukrainians decided¹ to flee war in their country and head to Israel after Russian forces invaded in 2022.

在2022年俄罗斯军队入侵乌克兰后，数以千计的乌克兰人决定逃离本国的战争，前往以色列。

But now those people are facing war conditions again as Israeli forces continue battling Hamas militants³.

但如今，随着以色列军队继续与哈马斯激进分子作战，这些人再次面临战争环境。

Tatyana Prima fled to southern Israel from the southeastern Ukrainian city of Mariupol 18 months ago with her husband and young daughter.

18个月前，塔吉亚娜·普里马与丈夫和年幼的女儿从乌克兰东南部城市马里乌波尔逃到以色列南部。

The 38-year-old was thankful to arrive safely to Israel and thought she and her family had finally left the bombs behind.

这位38岁的女子很感激能安全抵达以色列，并认为她和她的家人终于远离了炸弹。

But Prima's sense of safety and calmness disappeared when Hamas militants invaded Israel on October 7.

但当哈马斯武装分子于10月7日入侵以色列时，普里马的安全感和平静感消失了。

"All these sounds of war that we hear now, they sometimes work as a trigger that brings back memories of what we've gone through in Mariupol," she said.

她说：“我们现在听到的所有这些战争的声音有时会使我们回想起我们在马里乌波尔所经历的一切。”

The Israeli government estimates more than 45,000 Ukrainians have fled to Israel since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022.

以色列政府估计，自2022年2月俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以来，已有超过4.5万名乌克兰人逃往以色列。

Most of the refugees were trying to deal with war trauma⁴ experienced back in Ukraine when conflict broke out in Israel.

当以色列爆发冲突时，大多数难民正试图处理在乌克兰经历的战争创伤。

Some have left Israel, but many remain and are refusing to again flee a war.

有些人离开了以色列，但许多人留了下来，拒绝再次逃离战争。

Most have lost in-person support systems because of restrictions⁵ in Israel involving gatherings⁶.

由于以色列限制集会，大多数人失去了面对面的支持系统。

Others have lost hope of reuniting with loved ones they left behind in Ukraine.

还有一些人失去了与留在乌克兰的亲人团聚的希望。

When Hamas militants attacked on October 7, they killed about 1,200 people and took about 240 hostages.

当哈马斯武装分子于10月7日发动袭击时，他们杀害了大约1200人，并劫持了大约240名人质。

On that day, Prima awoke to the sound of alarms.

那天，普里马被警报声惊醒。

She lives in the coastal⁷ city of Ashkelon, a few kilometers from the Gaza Strip.

她住在距离加沙地带几公里的沿海城市阿什克伦。

The crash of airstrikes and shelling has been continuous, as Israel pushes forward with its offensive against Hamas.

随着以色列继续推进其对哈马斯的进攻，空袭和炮击持续不断。

Prima describes the situation as "deja vu," bringing back similar memories from Ukraine.

普里马将这种情况描述为“似曾相识”，让人想起了乌克兰的类似记忆。

Mariupol was one of Ukraine's hardest-hit cities in the war with Russia.

马里乌波尔是乌克兰在与俄罗斯的战争中受打击最严重的城市之一。

The city was cut off and bombarded for weeks as people struggled for food, water and heat.

这座城市与外界的联系被切断，遭受了数周的轰炸，人们因此而苦苦寻找食物、水和暖气。

During the war's early weeks, Prima cooked over an outdoor fire, used snow for drinking water and sheltered with other relatives just outside the city.

在战争的最初几周，普里马在户外生火做饭，用雪作为饮用水，与其他亲戚一起在城外避难。

As the shelling intensified⁸, rockets fell around where Prima and her family stayed.

随着炮击的加剧，火箭弹落在普里马和她的家人居住的地方周围。

After an incident in which her husband's hand was blown off while he searched for water, she decided to leave.

在她的丈夫找水时，他的手被炸掉，之后，她决定离开。

The family arrived in Ashkelon in April 2022 and joined relatives of her husband there.

这家人于2022年4月抵达阿什克伦，在那里与她丈夫的亲戚团聚。

Israeli defense⁹ systems block most incoming missiles from Hamas.

以色列的防御系统拦截了来自哈马斯的大部分来袭导弹。

But at least 80 have landed in populated areas or empty fields in Israel since the war began, the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project reports.

但“武装冲突地点和事件数据项目”报告称，自战争开始以来，至少有80枚落在了以色列的人口稠密地区或空地上。

Prima said the conflict has intensified her feelings of isolation¹⁰.

普里马说，冲突加剧了她的孤立感。

This is because her community support groups have moved most activities online because of government restrictions on gatherings in public.

这是因为由于以色列政府限制公开集会，她的社区支持组织将大部分活动转移到了网上。

Koen Sevenants is a mental health specialist who has worked with refugees and displaced people in several conflict areas.

科恩·塞文茨是一名心理健康专家，他曾在一些冲突地区与难民和流离失所者打过交道。

He told The Associated Press (AP) he finds such individuals often experience "hopelessness."

他告诉美联社，他发现这些人经常感到“绝望”。

Experts warn that if people who have not fully¹¹ recovered from one traumatic incident are victimized again by a new one, the event that caused the trauma can seem worse.

专家警告说，如果没有完全从一次创伤事件中恢复的人再次遭受新的创伤，那么造成创伤的事件可能会变得更糟。

Refugee organizations have offered financial and food assistance to people in Israel who do not feel safe leaving their homes.

难民组织向以色列境内那些觉得离开家园不安全的人提供财政和食品援助。

But Olya Weinstein said these groups are not equipped to help all those in need.

但奥利亚·温斯坦表示，这些组织并没有能力帮助所有需要帮助的人。

Her organization, Project Kesher, has been helping¹² about 6,000 people who fled Ukraine, mostly with food.

她的组织“凯希尔项目”一直在帮助大约6000名逃离乌克兰的人，主要提供的是食物。

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said an unknown number of Ukrainians remain trapped in Gaza.

乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基表示，仍有数量不详的乌克兰人被困在加沙地带。

Ukraine said at least 160 of them have been safely removed.

乌克兰表示，其中至少160人已经安全撤离。

Gaza's Health Ministry¹³ has estimated more than 12,700 Palestinians – most of them women and minors¹⁴ – have been killed since the war began.

加沙卫生部估计，自战争开始以来，已有超过1.27万名巴勒斯坦人被杀，其中大多数是妇女和未成年人。

That number includes both civilian¹⁵ and Hamas militant² deaths.

其中包括平民和哈马斯激进分子的死亡人数。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

3 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

4 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

5 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

6 gatherings   

聚集( gathering的名词复数 )； 收集； 采集； 搜集

参考例句：

• His conduct at social gatherings created a lot of comment. 他在社交聚会上的表现引起许多闲话。
• During one of these gatherings a pupil caught stealing. 有一次，其中一名弟子偷窃被抓住。

7 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

8 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

10 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

11 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

12 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

13 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

14 minors   

n.未成年人( minor的名词复数 )；副修科目；小公司；[逻辑学]小前提v.[主美国英语]副修，选修，兼修( minor的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The law forbids shops to sell alcohol to minors. 法律禁止商店向未成年者出售含酒精的饮料。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He had three minors this semester. 这学期他有三门副修科目。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。