VOA常速英语2016--脓毒症治疗新方法

脓毒症治疗新方法

Sepsis can be triggered by pneumonia¹, surgery, even childbirth. Symptoms include fever, increased breathing, and confusion. The body’s defense² system goes out of control, causing widespread inflammation, organ failure and septic shock, where blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level.

肺炎、手术甚至是生育都有可能发生脓毒症。脓毒症的症状包括发热、呼吸急促以及神志不清。身体的免疫系统紊乱，出现大面积炎症，器官衰竭，感染性休克，并伴有危险性低血压。

Scientists at Harvard University’s Wyss Institute are working on a new dialysis system that cleans the blood of poisonous pathogens before they trigger that deadly inflammatory response.

来自哈佛大学维斯生物工程研究所的科学家正在就新型透析系统进行研究，该系统能够在发生炎症之前清除血液中的病原体。

The current standard of therapy is to give antibiotics³ and fluids. But what we are talking about here is treatment for sepsis.

目前，治疗该疾病的方法是通过抗生素和输液。然而，我们目前要讨论的是对脓毒症的治疗方法。

The researchers are filtering blood through a tube with tiny mesh⁴ fibers⁵ coated with an engineered protein called fcMBL. They bind⁶ to the cell wall of bacteria, of fungi⁷, of many viruses and many parasites⁸ and they bind to toxins⁹ as well.

研究人员正在用带有网状纤维的管状容器来过滤血液，这种纤维上还涂上了一层叫作“fcMBL”的人工蛋白。这种蛋白开始与病毒、真菌、细菌、寄生虫以及毒素相结合。

Mike Super described the procedure. We’re coating the inside of the tubes with that protein and we are running the infected blood from the patient through that, through the filter and binding¹⁰, absorbing, capturing the pathogens that are in that blood, so that the blood that is going back to the patient after the dialysis is cleansed¹¹.

麦克·休珀正在为大家描述这一流程。我们会在管状容器的里面涂抹上蛋白质，之后将病患的血液进行过滤，结合、吸收，捕捉到血液中的病原体，透析结束后，血液还将流回病人体内。

 

In a trial phase using rats, the dialysis treatment was more than 99 percent effective in filtering out deadly bacteria. The research team hopes to begin human trials soon, in hopes of saving millions of lives around the world.

在对白鼠的试验阶段，就过滤致命病菌来说，这种透析方法的有效率超过了99%。研究小组希望马上进行临床试验，它或将能够挽救全球数百万病患的生命。

1 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

2 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

3 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

4 mesh   

n.网孔，网丝，陷阱；vt.以网捕捉，啮合，匹配；vi.适合； [计算机]网络

参考例句：

• Their characters just don't mesh.他们的性格就是合不来。
• This is the net having half inch mesh.这是有半英寸网眼的网。

5 fibers   

光纤( fiber的名词复数 )； （织物的）质地； 纤维，纤维物质

参考例句：

• Thesolution of collagen-PVA was wet spined with the sodium sulfate as coagulant and collagen-PVA composite fibers were prepared. 在此基础上，以硫酸钠为凝固剂，对胶原-PVA共混溶液进行湿法纺丝，制备了胶原-PVA复合纤维。
• Sympathetic fibers are distributed to all regions of the heart. 交感神经纤维分布于心脏的所有部分。

6 bind   

vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬

参考例句：

• I will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
• He wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。

7 fungi   

n.真菌，霉菌

参考例句：

• Students practice to apply the study of genetics to multicellular plants and fungi.学生们练习把基因学应用到多细胞植物和真菌中。
• The lawn was covered with fungi.草地上到处都是蘑菇。

8 parasites   

寄生物( parasite的名词复数 )； 靠他人为生的人； 诸虫

参考例句：

• These symptoms may be referable to virus infection rather than parasites. 这些症状也许是由病毒感染引起的，而与寄生虫无关。
• Kangaroos harbor a vast range of parasites. 袋鼠身上有各种各样的寄生虫。

9 toxins   

n.毒素( toxin的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The seas have been used as a receptacle for a range of industrial toxins. 海洋成了各种有毒工业废料的大容器。
• Most toxins are naturally excreted from the body. 大部分毒素被自然排出体外。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 binding   

有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的

参考例句：

• The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

11 cleansed   

弄干净，清洗( cleanse的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The nurse cleansed the wound before stitching it. 护士先把伤口弄干净后才把它缝合。
• The notorious Hell Row was burned down in a fire, and much dirt was cleansed away. 臭名远场的阎王路已在一场大火中化为乌有，许多焦土灰烬被清除一空。