2015年对付流行病取得进步

2015年对付流行病取得进步

Ebola claimed more than 3000 lives in 2015.Potential vaccines² were fast tracked.And clinical trial is started in west Africa early in the year.

2015年埃博拉夺去了3000多人的生命，人们很快就找到了可用的疫苗，今年年初已在西非进行临床试验。

Then in July came news about a vaccine¹ trial in Guinea,overseen by the Norwegian institute of public health.

7月份的新闻称，在挪威公共健康研究所的监督下在几内亚对一种疫苗进行了测试。

“Based on the number of individuals and the cases we see,there is 100 percent protection in those vaccinated³.”

“根据我们所看到的个体和案例，接受疫苗接种可以起到100%的保护。”

There was also news during the year about progress in the fight against another little virus—HIV,the virus that causes AIDS.

2015年，对抗另一种病毒的战斗也取得了进步，也就是导致艾滋病的艾滋病毒。

Just before World AIDS Day,the UN said nearly 16 million people are now on HIV treatment.That new infections have fallen by 35 percent since 2000. And AIDS-related deaths have fallen by 42 percent since the peak in 2004.

就在世界艾滋病日之前，联合国称目前有近1600万人在接受艾滋病治疗，自2000年以来新感染病例减少了35%，与艾滋病相关的死亡从2004年的峰值后减少了42%。

“If you look at the trajectory⁴ of the epidemic⁵, we are on a course towards ending it in the sense of ‘as we know it,’because we’ve always known it as going up. Now it’s flattening⁶ off,and now it’s going to start to go down. ”

“从这种疾病的发展轨迹来看，从‘我们所知道’的意义来说，这种疾病即将消失，因为我们知道它过去一直在增长。目前已经趋缓并趋于下降了。”

2015 also saw a huge advance in ridding the world of polio. At one time, the polio virus circulated in 125 countries. In September, the WHO removed Nigeria from the list of polio-epdemic countries. Now there are only two—Afghanistan and Pakistan.

2015年在消除世界脊髓灰质炎方面也取得了巨大进步。该疾病一度蔓延到125个国。2015年9月世界卫生组织将尼日利亚从脊髓灰质炎国家名单中删除，如今只有两个国家名列其中，即阿富汗和巴基斯坦。

“That’s only place in the whole world where polio still lives.If we could knock it out there,we’re finished with wild polio virus.”

“这是世界上仅有的两个存在脊髓灰质炎的国家，如果我们能够解决这些国家的这种疾病，那么这种病毒就能在全世界彻底消失。”

Despite the successes, there are concerns.The WHO warned that we are heading towards a post-antibiotics era,one in which common infections will once again kill because of resistance to medication.

尽管取得了成就，同时人们也有担忧。世界卫生组织警告说，我们目前已经进入了后抗生素时代，在这个时代，普通的感染也会因抗药性而致命。

Health officials are also concerned about drug resistance to tuberculosis⁷ and malaria⁸.

世界卫生组织官员还担心与肺结核和疟疾相关的抗药性。

The WHO has called for an intensified⁹ campaign in 2016 to end the global TB epidemic.

世界卫生组织呼吁2016年全世界行动起来在全球范围内终结肺结核。

 

Challenges also lie ahead in getting the polio vaccine into Afghan children in areas held by Islamic militantsand to develop treatments in vaccines against newly emerging infectious diseases.

另外一个挑战如何给伊斯兰武装分子所控制地区的儿童接种，以研制出针对新出现的感染疾病的疫苗。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

3 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

4 trajectory   

n.弹道，轨道

参考例句：

• It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
• The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。

5 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

6 flattening   

n. 修平 动词flatten的现在分词

参考例句：

• Flattening of the right atrial border is also seen in constrictive pericarditis. 右心房缘变平亦见于缩窄性心包炎。
• He busied his fingers with flattening the leaves of the book. 他手指忙着抚平书页。

7 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

8 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

9 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》