VOA常速英语2019--HPV疫苗接种 宜早不宜晚

Anytime you can fish is a good time. Fishing with Scott Woods is a way of relaxing. He didn’t have any risk factors that he knew of for cancer, so he ignored the lump on his neck until he couldn’t ignore it anymore. We’re seeing more and more younger healthier patients are not smokers¹ or drinkers, obviously. It’s just HPV-related. Smoking and drinking can cause oral cancers, Woods’ cancer was caused by HPV, the human papilloma virus. Normally you think HPV, you think of women, cervical cancer. HPV does cause cervical cancer, but it’s a misconception that only women have to be concerned with HPV caused cancers. But big ones are the cervical cancer, other ones the oral pharyngeal cancer.

只要能钓鱼，就是好时光。对于斯科特·伍兹来说，钓鱼是是一种放松的方式。他不知道自己有患癌症的任何风险，所以他无视了脖子上的肿块。直到有一天，他不得不重视这个肿块。我们看到患者的年龄越来越小，而且显然他们既不抽烟，也不酗酒。这是与人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）有关的病症。吸烟和饮酒会引发口腔癌。伍兹的癌症是由HPV引起的，HPV是人乳头状瘤病毒。一般情况下，想到HPV的时候，会联想到女性，想到宫颈癌。HPV确实会引发宫颈癌，但有一个误解是：只有女性才会患上HPV引发的癌症。但宫颈癌只是更有可能发生，其实HPV还会引起其他的癌症——口咽癌。

Oral pharyngeal cancers affect the head and neck. Woods’ cancer started in a tonsil. But there’s a vaccine² that’s been around for more than a decade that can protect against the HPV virus. If all boys and girls received it, no one would get HPV caused cancers. Was that painful? No. The HPV vaccine is best when given to children before they’re sexually active, but teenagers and young adults can still benefit from the vaccine. Not everyone who gets the virus develops cancer, but it is a risk factor. Woods’ recovery was difficult. He had surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, but he’s now cancer-free. It’s a journey. I made it through. The vaccine didn’t exist when Woods was a kid, but he says if he had kids, he would get them vaccinated³.

口咽癌会影响头部和颈部。伍兹的癌症始于扁桃体。但有一种疫苗已经出现了10多年，该疫苗可以防御HPV病毒。如果所有男孩和女孩都接种了该疫苗，就不会有人患上与HPV有关的癌症。接种疫苗会很疼吗？不疼的。这种HPV疫苗最好是在儿童时期接种，因为那时候还没有性生活。虽然如此，青少年和年纪不大的成年人也可以受到该疫苗的保护。染上HPV病毒并不一定会得癌症，但还是有风险的。伍兹的康复过程很艰难。他做过手术、放疗和化疗。这是一段旅程，我走过了。这种疫苗在伍兹还小的时候还没问世，但伍兹表示，如果自己生了小孩，就会给孩子接种该疫苗。

It’s a prevention. Get it. The HPV virus also causes half a million cases of cervical cancer each year. These are cancers no one needs to get.

这是预防措施，一定要接种。HPV病毒每年引发50万例宫颈癌，但本来不必如此。

1 smokers   

吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Many smokers who are chemically addicted to nicotine cannot cut down easily. 许多有尼古丁瘾的抽烟人不容易把烟戒掉。
• Chain smokers don't care about the dangers of smoking. 烟鬼似乎不在乎吸烟带来的种种危害。

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？