VOA常速英语2019--评估越南关于信仰和宗教的法律

The U.S. Committee on International Religious Freedom, or USCIRF, an independent commission that provides advice to the U.S. Government on religious freedom issues, recently released an update on the implementation¹ of Vietnam’s 2018 Law on Belief and Religion.

美国国际宗教自由委员会(简称USCIRF)是一个向美国政府就宗教自由问题提供建议的独立委员会。该委员会最近发布了一份关于越南2018年宗教信仰法实施情况的最新报告。

This law, said Dominic Nardi, a policy analyst² at USCIRF, “requires all religious groups in Vietnam to register with the government and to report on any of their religious activities”:

USCIRF政策分析师多米尼克?纳迪表示，这项法律“要求越南所有宗教团体向政府登记，并报告一切宗教活动”:

“In some cases it even requires a religious group to seek approval from the government to do things like promote bishops³ or appoint new clergy⁴ members.”

“在某些情况下，它甚至要求一个宗教团体在做诸如提拔主教或任命新神职人员等事情时，必须获得政府的批准。”

In September 2019, a delegation⁵ from the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom met with a wide range of representatives, including Vietnamese government officials and religious communities, among others. USCIRF found some unregistered groups still face persecution⁶, said Mr. Nardi:

2019年9月，美国国际宗教自由委员会的一个代表团会见了广泛的代表，包括越南政府官员和宗教团体等。USCIRF发现一些未注册的组织仍然面临迫害，纳尔迪说：

“One of the disturbing things we learned on that trip was that some unregistered groups have faced harassment⁷ and even physical assaults from Vietnamese police authorities. This is why religious freedom matters.”

“我们在那次会面中了解到的一件令人不安的事是，一些未登记的团体受到越南警察当局的骚扰，甚至人身攻击。这就是为什么宗教自由很重要。”

But for “recognized religious groups, the law did introduce some positive changes, such as granting registered religious organizations legal personhood,” the USCIRF report noted⁸. Indeed, some of the representatives that USCIRF met with reported that “authorities had generally become more tolerant of religion, and state officials have prominently praised the role of religious organizations in promoting social welfare.”

但USCIRF的报告指出，对于“被认可的宗教团体”，该法律确实引入了一些积极的变化，如授予注册宗教组织法人资格。事实上，USCIRF会见的一些代表报告说，“当局普遍对宗教更加宽容，国家官员也对宗教组织在促进社会福利方面的作用大加赞赏。”

USCIRF found that implementation of Vietnam’s religion law varies considerably⁹ across provinces and many religious groups that submitted applications reported facing obstacles, such as unreasonably¹⁰ long waiting periods.

USCIRF发现，越南不同省份对宗教法的执行情况存在很大差异，许多提交申请的宗教团体报告称，他们面临着障碍，比如不合理的漫长等待期。

U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Scott Busby has stated that the Vietnamese government’s record on religious freedom is mixed: “We continue to have concern that unregistered religious groups in Vietnam are being harassed¹¹ and are not able to freely practice their religion. That said those groups that have been willing to register under Vietnam's religious freedom law have enjoyed a greater degree of freedom to practice their religions than they have in the past.”

美国副助理国务卿布斯比表示，越南政府在宗教自由方面的记录好坏参半：“我们继续关注越南未注册的宗教团体受到骚扰，无法自由信仰他们的宗教。他们说，那些愿意根据越南宗教自由法登记的团体享有比过去更大的信仰自由。”

The U.S. urges Vietnam to ensure that all Vietnamese citizens are able to exercise their fundamental right to freedom of religion.

美国敦促越南确保所有越南公民能够行使他们的基本宗教自由权利。

1 implementation   

n.实施，贯彻

参考例句：

• Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 bishops   

（基督教某些教派管辖大教区的）主教( bishop的名词复数 )； （国际象棋的）象

参考例句：

• Each player has two bishops at the start of the game. 棋赛开始时，每名棋手有两只象。
• "Only sheriffs and bishops and rich people and kings, and such like. “他劫富济贫，抢的都是郡长、主教、国王之类的富人。

4 clergy   

n.[总称]牧师，神职人员

参考例句：

• I could heartily wish that more of our country clergy would follow this example.我衷心希望，我国有更多的牧师效法这个榜样。
• All the local clergy attended the ceremony.当地所有的牧师出席了仪式。

5 delegation   

n.代表团；派遣

参考例句：

• The statement of our delegation was singularly appropriate to the occasion.我们代表团的声明非常适合时宜。
• We shall inform you of the date of the delegation's arrival.我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。

6 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

7 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

8 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

9 considerably   

adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上

参考例句：

• The economic situation has changed considerably.经济形势已发生了相当大的变化。
• The gap has narrowed considerably.分歧大大缩小了。

10 unreasonably   

adv. 不合理地

参考例句：

• He was also petty, unreasonably querulous, and mean. 他还是个气量狭窄，无事生非，平庸刻薄的人。
• Food in that restaurant is unreasonably priced. 那家饭店价格不公道。

11 harassed   

adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He has complained of being harassed by the police. 他投诉受到警方侵扰。
• harassed mothers with their children 带着孩子的疲惫不堪的母亲们