VOA常速英语2020--反对性别暴力行为16天活动

Next, an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government. The sixteen days between International Day for the Elimination¹ of Violence against Women, observed on November 25th, and Human Rights Day, celebrated² on December 10th, are dedicated³ to campaigning around the world to raise awareness⁴ of gender-based violence, and mobilizing people everywhere to bring about change against gender-based violence. “Violence against women transcends⁵ borders and cultures: one in three women experience gender-based violence in her lifetime. Unfortunately, these numbers have risen under the COVID-19 pandemic,” said USAID Acting⁶ Deputy Administrator⁷ John Barsa. “USAID’s partners have seen an increase of violence against women and girls as lockdowns disrupt livelihoods⁸ and access to affordable⁹ food and goods becomes harder.” USAID has for a long time recognized the importance of addressing the various forms of violence that affect women’s ability to thrive and succeed. “Under the Trump¹⁰ Administration, USAID has expanded our partnerships¹¹ with non-governmental organizations, women's groups, private-sector firms, and government institutions to implement¹² effective programs to increase awareness and prevention of the harmful impacts of violence against women,” said Acting Deputy Administrator Barsa.

以下是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论。从11月25日的“消除对妇女的暴力行为国际日”到12月10日的“国际人权日”之间的16天，是世界各地的活动期，提高对性别暴力的认识，并动员各地民众对性别暴力行为做出改变。“针对妇女的暴力行为超越国界和文化：有三分之一的女性在一生中经历过性别暴力。”美国国际开发署代理副署长约翰·巴尔萨表示：“不幸的是，在新冠疫情期间，这些数字有所上升。”“美国国际开发署的合作伙伴们看到，由于封锁措施破坏了生计，可承受的食品和商品变得更难获取，因此，针对妇女和女童的暴力行为有所增加。”长期以来，美国国际开发署一直都有认识到，处理那些影响女性成长和成功的各种形式的暴力行为至关重要。“在特朗普政府的领导下，美国国际开发署扩大了与非政府组织、妇女团体、私营企业和政府机构的伙伴合作，以实施有效的方案，提高认识并防范暴力侵害妇女行为的有害影响。”代理副署长巴尔萨表示。

For example, through U.S. Strategy on Women, Peace, and Security, programs are working to protect women and girls from violence, exploitation, and abuse in the Agency’s development and humanitarian¹³ assistance efforts. Since 2017, USAID has enabled the participation¹⁴ of some 70,000 women in peacebuilding processes, and provided critical care, psychosocial support, legal aid, and economic assistance to over six million survivors¹⁵ of gender-based violence. But it is a long, uphill battle. That’s because gender-based violence is too often normalized within a given society: the result of community and government failure to recognize and value the human rights of women and girls. That is why calls to action like 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence, are so very important to the fight to eliminate gender-based violence. They shine a light on this scourge¹⁶, and on the policies and practices that allow it to exist. “We all have a role to play in ending violence against women; mitigating¹⁷ its harmful effects on individuals, families, and communities; and promoting the rights of all individuals,” said Acting Deputy Administrator Barsa.“During these 16 Days and every day, USAID stands unified¹⁸ in preserving and protecting the dignity of women and girls worldwide.” That was an editorial reflecting the views of the United States government.

例如，美国国际开发署的开发与人道救援计划就通过美国女性、和平与安全战略正在保护妇女和女童免遭暴力、剥削和侵犯。自2017年以来，美国国际开发署已使约7万名妇女参与建设和平进程，并向600多万名性别暴力的幸存者提供了关键医疗、社会心理支持、法律援助和经济救助。但这是一场漫长而艰难的战斗。这是因为性别暴力在任何一个社会中总是被正常化：这是社区和政府不承认和不重视妇女和女童的人权的结果。这也是“16天打击性别暴力行为的维权行动”等行动呼吁铲除性别暴力的斗争是如此重要的原因。它们揭露了这场灾难，以及允许这个灾难存在的政策和行为。“结束对妇女的暴力行为、降低对个人、家庭与社区的有害影响，维护所有人的权益，对于这些我们每个人都责无旁贷。”代理副署长巴尔萨表示。“在这16天中的每一天，美国国际开发署都一致维护世界各地妇女和女童的尊严。”这是一篇反映美国政府政策立场的社论。

1 elimination   

n.排除，消除，消灭

参考例句：

• Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
• I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。

2 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

3 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

4 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

5 transcends   

超出或超越（经验、信念、描写能力等）的范围( transcend的第三人称单数 )； 优于或胜过…

参考例句：

• The chemical dilution technique transcends most of the difficulties. 化学稀释法能克服大部分困难。
• The genius of Shakespeare transcends that of all other English poets. 莎士比亚的才华胜过所有的其他英国诗人。

6 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

7 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

8 livelihoods   

生计，谋生之道( livelihood的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• First came the earliest individualistic pioneers who depended on hunting and fishing for their livelihoods. 走在最前面的是早期的个人主义先驱者，他们靠狩猎捕鱼为生。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• With little influence over policies, their traditional livelihoods are threatened. 因为马赛族人对政策的影响力太小，他们的传统生计受到了威胁。

9 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

10 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

11 partnerships   

n.伙伴关系( partnership的名词复数 )；合伙人身份；合作关系

参考例句：

• Partnerships suffer another major disadvantage: decision-making is shared. 合伙企业的另一主要缺点是决定要由大家来作。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• It involved selling off limited partnerships. 它涉及到售出有限的合伙权。 来自辞典例句

12 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

13 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

14 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

15 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

16 scourge   

n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏

参考例句：

• Smallpox was once the scourge of the world.天花曾是世界的大患。
• The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient.新老板来了以后，不称职的人就遭殃了。

17 mitigating   

v.减轻，缓和( mitigate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Are there any mitigating circumstances in this case ? 本案中是否有任何情况可以减轻被告的罪行？ 来自辞典例句
• A sentencing judge is required to consider any mitigating circumstances befor imposing the death penalty. 在处死刑之前，要求量刑法官必须考虑是否有任何减轻罪行之情节。 来自口语例句

18 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。