VOA常速英语2022 印度尼西亚的迁都计划遭遇质疑和阻力

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印度尼西亚的迁都计划遭遇质疑和阻力

Plans to move Indonesia’s capital Meets Skepticism, Resistance

Jakarta the capital of Indonesia is a city of over 10 million people,with millions more in the suburbs it has been the seat of power in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries, but climate change is taking its toll¹.As president Joe Biden noted² in a speech to US national intelligence officials in July last year.

印尼首都雅加达是一座拥有1000多万人口的城市，由于郊区还有数百万人，几个世纪以来，它一直是印尼群岛的权力中心，但气候变化正在敲响警钟。正如美国总统乔·拜登在7月份对美国国家情报官员发表的一次演讲中所指出的那样。

What happens in Indonesia if the projections³ are correct that in the next 10 years they may have to move their capital,because they run out of water.

去年，如果预测是正确的，即未来10年他们可能不得不搬迁首都，印尼会发生什么，因为他们没水了。

By 2024 the administration of Indonesian president Joko Widodo wants to lay the groundwork for moving the nations capital to a new city to be named Nusantara in east Kalimantan province on the island of Borneo.Im reminded of the movement of the Brazilian government from Rio De Janeiro to Brasilia,and that was a big project I think back in the 1970s and 1980s, but it took much longer than was originally expected.Jakarta is congested overpopulated and by some estimates a third of it will have sunk by 2050.

到2024年，印尼总统佐科·维多多领导的政府希望为将国家首都迁往婆罗洲岛东加里曼丹省一座名为努桑塔拉的新城市奠定基础。我想起了巴西政府从里约热内卢到巴西利亚的运动，我回想起在20世纪70年代和80年代，这是一个大项目，但它花费的时间比最初预期的要长得多。雅加达人满为患，据估计，到2050年将有三分之一的雅加达沉没。

Indonesia is not the first country to move its capital in recent years.Egypt is looking to do so around 2024 too, to an administrative⁴ city just outside its current capital Cairo.Myanmar moved its capital from Yangon also known as Rangoon to Napida, even South Korea devolved some administrative functions from Seoul to Se Young,but experts say it wont⁵ be an easy move.

印尼并不是近年来第一个搬迁首都的国家。埃及也希望在2024年左右做到这一点，搬迁到目前首都开罗郊外的一个行政城市。缅甸将首都从仰光迁至纳皮达，甚至韩国也将部分行政职能从首尔下放给Se Young，但专家表示，这并不是一件容易的事。

There have been some interesting studies of people who have looked at compared new capital cities and then looked at Jakarta,and they have said this is the most difficult new capital city that has ever been attempted.Feli an Australian expert on Indonesia notes that previous attempts to move a capital have involved the same land mass.

有一些有趣的研究对人们进行了研究，这些人先比较了新的首都城市，然后再看了雅加达，他们说，这是有史以来最困难的搬迁新首都的尝试。澳大利亚的印度尼西亚问题专家费利指出，以前搬迁首都的尝试都涉及到同样的一大片土地。

Indonesias plan to move the seat of power to a whole different island will be a much larger ordeal⁶.It will be very interesting to see it would be a great triumph for Indonesia if they can build it in budget and on time,but does anyone really is anyone confident that that would happen.Other analysts⁷ are equally skeptical⁸ of the administrations goal to complete the first phase by 2024,including building a new smart state palace and key ministries⁹ in Nusantara.

印尼计划将权力中心转移到一个完全不同的岛屿，这将是一个更大的考验。如果印尼能在预算和时间内建造它，那将是一次巨大的胜利，这将是非常有趣的，但有没有人真的相信这会发生。其他分析人士对政府在2024年完成第一阶段的目标同样持怀疑态度，包括在努桑塔拉建造一座新的智能国家宫殿和关键部委部门。

You know you have to move the people you have to do all the infrastructure¹⁰ and so forth,so its not something that can happen under a single term in office.So these things are subject to delays and sometimes its not because you purposely want a delay right, sometimes could we come, thats why everything stops, right,so those are acts of god right and and the other thing is land acquisition is very tricky¹¹, and these things are not unique to Indonesia.Polls show that Indonesians themselves remain divided on the move with residents of Jakarta overwhelmingly opposed to the plan.

你必须搬家，必须修建基础设施，等等因此，这不是一届任期内可以发生的事情。所以这些东西会被延迟有时不是因为你故意想要延迟，有时就是一切都停止了，对吧因此，这些都是天意之举，另外一件事是，征地非常棘手，而且这些事情并不是印尼独有的。民调显示，印尼人自己在搬迁问题上仍然存在分歧，雅加达居民压倒性地反对这项计划。

1 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

2 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

3 projections   

预测( projection的名词复数 )； 投影； 投掷； 突起物

参考例句：

• Their sales projections are a total thumbsuck. 他们的销售量预测纯属估计。
• The council has revised its projections of funding requirements upwards. 地方议会调高了对资金需求的预测。

4 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

5 wont   

adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯

参考例句：

• He was wont to say that children are lazy.他常常说小孩子们懒惰。
• It is his wont to get up early.早起是他的习惯。

6 ordeal   

n.苦难经历，（尤指对品格、耐力的）严峻考验

参考例句：

• She managed to keep her sanity throughout the ordeal.在那场磨难中她始终保持神志正常。
• Being lost in the wilderness for a week was an ordeal for me.在荒野里迷路一星期对我来说真是一场磨难。

7 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

8 skeptical   

adj.怀疑的，多疑的

参考例句：

• Others here are more skeptical about the chances for justice being done.这里的其他人更为怀疑正义能否得到伸张。
• Her look was skeptical and resigned.她的表情是将信将疑而又无可奈何。

9 ministries   

（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )； 神职； 牧师职位； 神职任期

参考例句：

• Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。
• The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

10 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

11 tricky   

adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；(工作等)棘手的，微妙的

参考例句：

• I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手，你能帮我吗？
• He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题，只做了个笼统的表述。