汇率操纵(1)

 

The southern shrimp¹ alliance, an industry association based in Florida, is angling for tariffs².

总部位于佛罗里达的一家产业协会—南方养虾联盟正试图征收关税。

It has tried repeatedly to have foreign competitors harpooned³ with duties. Now some new opportunities have surfaced.

它曾多次试图让外国竞争对手被征收关税。现在一些新的机会出现了。

The Department of Commerce is proposing a rule enabling tariffs on imports from currency manipulators. Crustacean-catchers are keen.

美国商务部提出一项规定，将允许对来自汇率操纵的进口商品征收关税。甲壳动物捕手们很敏锐。

American businesses disgruntled by what they see as distorted exchange rates may soon have more weapons at hand.

美国企业对他们所认为的扭曲的汇率感到不满，他们或许很快便有更多的武器在手。

After weeks of fulmination by President Donald Trump⁴ on Twitter about countries

数周以来唐纳德·特朗普总统一直在推特上对那些依靠人为手段

that keep their currencies artificially weak to America's detriment⁶,

让本国货币货币保持弱势且对美国不利的国家表示暴怒，

financial analysts⁷ are speculating that the Treasury⁸ might use its Exchange Stabilisation Fund (ESF) to weaken the dollar.

此后金融分析师猜测，美国财政部可能会利用其外汇平准基金（ESF）削弱美元。

Elizabeth Warren, a Democratic presidential hopeful, has also called for the dollar to be managed to promote exports,

民主党总统候选人伊丽莎白·沃伦也呼吁管控美元以促进出口，

referring to proposals by Fred Bergsten and Joseph Gagnon of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, a think-tank.

她提到了智囊团彼得森国际经济研究所的佛雷德·伯格斯登以及瑟夫·加农的提议。

The chatter⁹ is odd in one respect: other countries' currency manipulation does not seem to be the reason for the dollar's strength.

这种喋喋不休在某方面很奇怪：其他国家的汇率操作似乎不是美元强劲的原因。

Although an IMF report published on July 17th said that the dollar was overvalued by 6-12%,

虽然IMF在7月17日发表的报告表明美元被高估了6-12%，

it also said that foreign-exchange intervention¹⁰ had been playing "a much more muted role in recent years".

但报告也指出外汇干预在“近年来发挥的作用要温和得多”。

America's loose fiscal¹¹ policy—and the tighter stance of countries like Germany and the Netherlands—are more obvious culprits.

美国宽松的财政政策—以及德国和荷兰等国更为强硬的立场—是更明显的罪魁祸首。

However misdirected the current ire, the multilateral system for restraining currency manipulation is indeed toothless.

无论当前的愤怒如何被误导，抑制货币操纵的多边体系确实没有多大作用。

In 2007 the IMF refrained from declaring China a currency cheat,

2007年，IMF并没有宣布中国存在货币欺骗，

although it was running a current-account surplus of 10% of GDP and buying around $2bn in dollar-denominated assets each business day.

虽然其经常账户盈余占GDP的10%，并且每个营业日都会购买约20亿美元的以美元标价的资产。

Preparing for a future bout⁵ of competitive devaluation might not be a bad idea.

为未来一轮的竞争性贬值做准备或许并不是一件坏事。

But the proposals floating around Washington would be ripe for abuse.

但围绕华盛顿周围的提议将有可能会被滥用。

1 shrimp   

n.虾，小虾；矮小的人

参考例句：

• When the shrimp farm is built it will block the stream.一旦养虾场建起来，将会截断这条河流。
• When it comes to seafood,I like shrimp the best.说到海鲜，我最喜欢虾。

2 tariffs   

关税制度； 关税( tariff的名词复数 )； 关税表； （旅馆或饭店等的）收费表； 量刑标准

参考例句：

• British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。
• The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。

3 harpooned   

v.鱼镖，鱼叉( harpoon的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He said he once harpooned a 2, 000-pound shark off the coast of New York. 他称，他曾经在纽约海面上，用鱼叉捕获过一条重达2.000磅的鲨鱼。 来自互联网

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 bout   

n.侵袭，发作；一次(阵，回)；拳击等比赛

参考例句：

• I was suffering with a bout of nerves.我感到一阵紧张。
• That bout of pneumonia enfeebled her.那次肺炎的发作使她虚弱了。

6 detriment   

n.损害；损害物，造成损害的根源

参考例句：

• Smoking is a detriment to one's health.吸烟危害健康。
• His lack of education is a serious detriment to his career.他的未受教育对他的事业是一种严重的妨碍。

7 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

8 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

9 chatter   

vi.／n.喋喋不休；短促尖叫；(牙齿)打战

参考例句：

• Her continuous chatter vexes me.她的喋喋不休使我烦透了。
• I've had enough of their continual chatter.我已厌烦了他们喋喋不休的闲谈。

10 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

11 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。