2020年经济学人 共济会会所内幕(3)

In 18th-century Lisbon, as the Inquisition entered its decline, the Catholic authorities presented the Masons as an illicit¹ gay cult². After the French revolution the English feared them as Jacobin agitators³; Hitler and Mussolini ranked them among fascism’s most dangerous foes⁴. For all that, in moments of violence and political chaos⁵ the Masons have tended to come out on top.

在18世纪的里斯本，宗教裁判所走向没落，天主教当局认为共济会是一个非法的同性恋邪教。法国大革命之后，英国人害怕他们是雅各宾派的煽动者；希特勒和墨索里尼把他们列为法西斯主义最危险的敌人。尽管如此，共济会在面临暴力和政治混乱的时刻，还是往往能够占据上风。

Mr Dickie is also a historian of the Mafia, and he suggests a connection between Italian Lodges⁷ and organisedcrime syndicates. Some leading Masons, such as Licio Gelli, the head of Italy’s P2 Lodge⁶ in the 1970s, have collaborated⁸ profitably with terrorists and money-launderers. According to a former Grand Master in Calabria, 28 out of 32 Lodges in the region were known to be controlled by the ’Ndrangheta as recently as the 1990s.

迪基也是一名研究黑手党的历史学家，他认为意大利的共济会会所与有组织的犯罪集团之间存在联系。有一些主要的美生，比如20世纪70年代意大利P2会所的负责人，曾与恐怖分子和洗钱者勾结牟利。据卡拉布里格斯的一名前任工师称，早在上世纪90年代，该地区32个分会中就有28个受到“恩德朗赫塔”犯罪组织的控制。

“The Craft” is a well-researched account that dismantles⁹ any lingering suspicion that the Freemasons are preparing for world domination. Almost all such calumnies¹⁰ assume they have some form of central government— Mr Dickie makes clear that there is no such thing. While the Lodges share some core principles, they are remarkably¹¹ various. Masons have been revolutionaries and reactionaries¹², progressives and conservatives. By chronicling these shifts, Mr Dickie has turned legend into history.

《TheCraft》这本书经过充分的研究，消除了人们挥之不去的怀疑，即共济会正准备统治世界。几乎所有的这些诽谤者都认为共济会存在某种形式的中央政府，迪基明确表示，这是无稽之谈。尽管这些会所拥护一些共同的核心原则，但差异也十分明显。美生们曾经是革命家、反动派、进步派和保守派。迪基通过记录这些转变，将传奇变成了历史。

1 illicit   

adj.非法的，禁止的，不正当的

参考例句：

• He had an illicit association with Jane.他和简曾有过不正当关系。
• Seizures of illicit drugs have increased by 30% this year.今年违禁药品的扣押增长了30%。

2 cult   

n.异教，邪教；时尚，狂热的崇拜

参考例句：

• Her books aren't bestsellers,but they have a certain cult following.她的书算不上畅销书，但有一定的崇拜者。
• The cult of sun worship is probably the most primitive one.太阳崇拜仪式或许是最为原始的一种。

3 agitators   

n.（尤指政治变革的）鼓动者( agitator的名词复数 )；煽动者；搅拌器；搅拌机

参考例句：

• The mud is too viscous, you must have all the agitators run. 泥浆太稠，你们得让所有的搅拌机都开着。 来自辞典例句
• Agitators urged the peasants to revolt/revolution. 煽动者怂恿农民叛变（革命）。 来自辞典例句

4 foes   

敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They steadily pushed their foes before them. 他们不停地追击敌人。
• She had fought many battles, vanquished many foes. 她身经百战，挫败过很多对手。

5 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

6 lodge   

v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆

参考例句：

• Is there anywhere that I can lodge in the village tonight?村里有我今晚过夜的地方吗？
• I shall lodge at the inn for two nights.我要在这家小店住两个晚上。

7 lodges   

v.存放( lodge的第三人称单数 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属

参考例句：

• But I forget, if I ever heard, where he lodges in Liverpool. 可是我记不得有没有听他说过他在利物浦的住址。 来自辞典例句
• My friend lodges in my uncle's house. 我朋友寄居在我叔叔家。 来自辞典例句

8 collaborated   

合作( collaborate的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾结叛国

参考例句：

• We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
• We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。

9 dismantles   

拆开( dismantle的第三人称单数 )； 拆卸； 废除； 取消

参考例句：

• This toy machine gun dismantles easily. 这种玩具机关枪很容易拆卸。
• By contrast, modern scepticism challenges nobody and dismantles only theories of change. 相反，现代的怀疑主义却并不质疑任何人，仅仅摧毁变革理论。

10 calumnies   

n.诬蔑，诽谤，中伤（的话）( calumny的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He doesn't care about scandals, slanders, calumnies, aspersions, or defamation. 他不在乎流言蜚语，诽谤，中伤，造谣，诬蔑。 来自互联网
• Spreading rumors and calumnies and plotting riots. 造谣诽谤，策动骚乱。 来自互联网

11 remarkably   

ad.不同寻常地，相当地

参考例句：

• I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。
• He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

12 reactionaries   

n.反动分子，反动派( reactionary的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The reactionaries are fierce in appearance but feeble in reality. 反动派看起来很强大，实际上十分虚弱。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• We definitely do not apply a policy of benevolence to the reactionaries. 我们对反动派决不施仁政。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》