美国有线新闻 CNN 埃塞俄比亚北部冲突升级

Last show of the week takes us to eastern Africa

本周最后一期节目将带我们去东非

where the nation of Ethiopia is being torn apart by civil war and the nations around it are calling for a ceasefire.

在那里埃塞俄比亚正因内战而四分五裂，其周边国家呼吁停火。

Ethiopia is no stranger to strife¹.

埃塞俄比亚对冲突并不陌生。

Poverty, political struggles, ethnic² tensions, they've been problems in this nation for decades.

贫穷、政治斗争、种族关系紧张，几十年来一直是这个国家的问题。

A group called the TPLF, the Tigrai's Peoples Liberation Front, it ruled Ethiopia until a few years ago.

一个名为TPLF的组织，提格雷人民解放阵线，直到几年前，其一直统治着埃塞俄比亚。

On one hand, the TPLF brought relative stability and economic growth to the country.

一方面，TPLF给国家带来了相对稳定和经济增长。

On the other, it limited Ethiopians civil and political rights.

另一方面，其限制了埃塞俄比亚人的公民权利和政治权利。

A popular uprising forced its leader to resign in 2018 and a new Prime Minister named Abiy Ahmed was appointed.

2018年，一场民众起义迫使其领导人辞职，任命了一位名叫阿比·艾哈迈德的新总理。

He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring reforms to Ethiopia and to end a long running conflict it had with Eritrea, it's neighbor to the north.

他因推动埃塞俄比亚改革并结束与北部邻国厄立特里亚的长期冲突而获得诺贝尔和平奖。

But political tensions remained between his government and the TPLF,

但是，其政府和TPLF之间的政治关系仍然紧张。

and last year after the group held elections in the northern region of Tigrai without the central government's permission,

去年该组织在未经中央政府许可的情况下在北部提格雷地区举行选举后，

back and forth³ retaliations between the two sides led to armed conflict.

双方的来回报复导致武装冲突。

Thousands have died.

已有数千人死亡。

More than 2 million Ethiopians have been forced to leave their homes.

200多万埃塞俄比亚人被迫离开家园。

The United Nations says famine conditions have set in for hundreds of thousands, and though Prime Minister Abiy said civilians⁴ weren't being harmed at the start of the conflict,

联合国表示，数十万人将面临饥荒，尽管总理阿比表示，冲突开始时平民没有受到伤害，

evidence started coming out early this year that numerous atrocities⁵, including mass killings⁶ of civilians, have occurred in Ethiopia.

但今年早些时候开始有证据表明，埃塞俄比亚发生了包括大规模杀害平民在内的大量暴行。

All sides involved have been accused of committing war crimes.

有关各方都被指控犯有战争罪。

Some of them have been linked to Ethiopian soldiers.

其中一些人与埃塞俄比亚士兵有关。

Some have been linked to groups from Eritrea.

一些人与厄立特里亚的组织有关。

That nation says it's not involved in the atrocities and Ethiopia's government has promised to investigate any wrongdoing.

该国表示没有参与暴行，埃塞俄比亚政府承诺调查任何不当行为。

The fighting has spread beyond the region of Tigrai and analysts⁷ say Ethiopia's civil war threatens to cause instability throughout the Horn of Africa.

战斗已经蔓延到提格雷以外的地区，分析人士说，埃塞俄比亚的内战可能会在整个非洲之角造成不稳定。

Through a year of bloody⁸ conflict, Ethiopia's crisis was centered mostly here in Tigrai, the far north.

经过一年的血腥冲突，埃塞俄比亚的危机主要集中在遥远的北部提格雷。

That's changing fast.

这一点变化很快。

Tigrai defense⁹ force rebels showed in Dessie this week, just 250 miles from Addisababa.

提格雷国防军叛军本周出现在距离阿迪萨巴巴仅250英里的德西。

They are threatening to move on the capital and in unlikely alliance, they've joined up with the Oromo Liberation Army, that has links to the country's largest ethnic group.

他们威胁要向首都进军，并与奥罗莫解放军结盟，这是一个不太可能的联盟，奥罗莫解放军与该国最大的少数民族有联系。

United against this man, Prime Minister and Nobel Peace Prize Winner Abiy Ahmed, promised the conflict would be swift.

总理、诺贝尔和平奖得主阿比·艾哈迈德团结起来反对这个人，预计冲突会很快爆发。

Now he's asking citizens to take up arms to defend Addis and the nation is in a state of emergency.

现在他要求公民拿起武器保卫亚的斯亚贝巴，该国进入紧急状态。

But this conflict has embarrassed Abiy and threatened the very make-up of Ethiopia, a key U.S. ally in the region.

但这场冲突让阿比窘迫，并威胁到美国在该地区的主要盟友埃塞俄比亚的构成。

The U.S. has sent a senior diplomat¹⁰ to try and stable the collapse¹¹.

美国已派出一名高级外交官试图稳定局势。

We are gravely concerned by the escalating¹² violence, by the expansion of the fighting that we've seen in northern Ethiopia and regions throughout the country.

我们对埃塞俄比亚北部和全国各地不断升级的暴力和不断扩大的战斗深感担忧。

We are concerned with the growing risk to the unity¹³ and the integrity of the Ethiopian state.

我们对埃塞俄比亚国家的统一和完整面临越来越大的风险感到担忧。

1 strife   

n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争

参考例句：

• We do not intend to be drawn into the internal strife.我们不想卷入内乱之中。
• Money is a major cause of strife in many marriages.金钱是造成很多婚姻不和的一个主要原因。

2 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

3 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

4 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

5 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

7 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

8 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

10 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

11 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

12 escalating   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句

13 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。