纪录片《狗狗秘闻》 33血流不正常

For more than 200 years,

200多年前

people have been making up all of these different breeds,

人们培育了这些不同种类的狗

and now we can just use them to study genetics.

现在我们可以用来研究基因遗传

If you looked in a population of humans,

在人类群体中

all the people in a country like the uk,

一个国家的所有的人　比如英国

you'd have quite a lot of genetic¹ variation across them.

会有很多不同的基因变化

People would be quite different from one another.

人和人之间会有相当大的差异

But within a breed,

然而在一个品种的狗中

dogs are very similar to each other.

特别是那些有特定易患疾病的狗品种

Particular dog breeds are prone² to certain diseases,

它们彼此非常相近

and this makes them incredibly useful to study.

这个特点非常有助于我们的研究

Today, the team are

今天测试团队要从拳师狗身上

taking blood samples from boxers³,

抽取一些血样本

A breed that is susceptible⁴

这种狗容易患上

to a fatal heart disease called cardiomyopathy.

一种叫做心肌梗塞的严重的心脏病

What happens is they have irregular heartbeat,

症状是它们的心律不齐

and it compromises blood flow in their body,

身体里血流不正常

so it can cause collapse⁵

所以会引起突然衰竭

and also it can cause sudden cardiac death.

这样就导致心脏病猝死

It's an invisible disease that affects humans, too,

这种疾病也是一个会夺去人类生命的隐形杀手

causing sudden death in apparently⁶ healthy people.

导致外表看来很健康的人突然猝死

The DNA⁷ in boxers' blood could hold

拳师狗的血液里可能保存着

vital clues to the genetic causes of the disease.

这种疾病的重要线索

1 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

2 prone   

adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的

参考例句：

• Some people are prone to jump to hasty conclusions.有些人往往作出轻率的结论。
• He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不同意他的意见,他就发脾气。

3 boxers   

n.拳击短裤；（尤指职业）拳击手( boxer的名词复数 )；拳师狗

参考例句：

• The boxers were goaded on by the shrieking crowd. 拳击运动员听见观众的喊叫就来劲儿了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The boxers slugged it out to the finish. 两名拳击手最后决出了胜负。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 susceptible   

adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的

参考例句：

• Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
• We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。

5 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

6 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

7 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。