考研英语长难句讲解 第171期

 　　11. Anyone who has toiled¹ through SAT will testify² that test-taking skill also matters, whether it's knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.

　　【分析】多重复合句。主句主干为Anyone…will testify that...。who引导的定语从句修饰主语Anyone; that引导的从句作testify的宾语，其中的will表示一种“逻辑必然”;whether…or引导让步状语从句。

　　【译文】参加过SAT考试的人都可以证实,应试技巧也很重要,比如知道何时要进行猜测或哪个题可以略去不看。

　　【点拨】toil作名词时意为“苦干，辛苦”，作动词时意为“辛苦工作，费力的做”。

　　12. During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure³ has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.

　　【分析】复合句。主句主干为the American middle-class family has been transformed。句首介词短语作时间状语;that引导的定语从句修饰family。

　　【译文】上一代，经济危机和新的现实状况使曾经靠努力工作和公平竞争来保持收入稳定的美国中产阶级家庭发生了改变。

　　【点拨】fail play原是体育用词，意为“公平竞赛”，转意指“公正的待遇”或“公平竞争”。

1 toiled   

长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的过去式和过去分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉

参考例句：

• They toiled up the hill in the blazing sun. 他们冒着炎炎烈日艰难地一步一步爬上山冈。
• He toiled all day long but earned very little. 他整天劳碌但挣得很少。

2 testify   

v.证明，证实，作证

参考例句：

• The fingerprint expert was asked to testify at the trial.指纹专家应邀出庭作证。
• I can testify to this man's veracity and good character.我可以作证，此人诚实可靠，品德良好。

3 secure   

adj.无虑的，安心的，安全的；adj.牢靠的，稳妥的；vt.固定，获得，使...安全；vi.(海上工作人员)停止工；vi.(船)抛锚，停泊

参考例句：

• He found a secure foothold and pulled himself up.他找到了一个稳固的踏脚处并爬了上去。
• Extra men are needed to secure the camp against attack.需要增加兵力以保护军营免受攻击。