美国国家公共电台 NPR 一周换3位总统 秘鲁陷入政治危机

Peru is on its third president in the span of a week. The first one was impeached¹ last week. The second one lasted just six days before he was forced to resign. That was Sunday after massive protests. And then yesterday, the legislature selected Francisco Sagasti as the country's new leader. Well, let's go to Lima, which is where we find Gustavo Gorriti. He's editor-in-chief of the independent investigative site IDL Reporters.

秘鲁在一周内迎来第三任总统。第一任总统在上周被弹劾。第二任总统上任仅六天就被迫辞职。他在大规模抗议爆发后，于周日辞职。昨天，立法机构选择弗朗西斯科·萨加斯蒂为秘鲁新任领导人。现在古斯塔沃·戈里蒂将从利马和我们连线。他是独立调查网站IDL记者的主编。

Mr. Gorriti, hi there. Welcome.

戈里蒂先生，你好。欢迎你。

GUSTAVO GORRITI: Thank you very much.

古斯塔沃·戈里蒂：非常感谢。

KELLY: So third president in a week in Peru. We Americans thought our presidential politics were complicated. Tell us who he is. Who is Francisco Sagasti?

凯利：秘鲁一周换了三位总统。我们美国人本来认为我们的总统政治已经很复杂了。请介绍一下他。弗朗西斯科·萨加斯蒂是何人？

GORRITI: Francisco Sagasti is a 76-year-old technocrat² and academic. He has a very good reputation as an honest intellectual. He's a relatively³ junior politician. He becomes to the Partido Morado, a political party which is very new and closely identified with liberal democratic values. He was a presidential candidate and a member of Congress.

戈里蒂：弗朗西斯科·萨加斯蒂现年76岁，是技术官僚和学者。他是诚实的知识分子，拥有很好的声誉。他是相对初级的政治家。他是莫拉多党成员，这是新成立的政党，与自由民主价值观密切相关。他是总统候选人和国会议员。

KELLY: What are people so mad about? What are the bigger forces at work here?

凯利：人们为什么如此生气？有哪些更大的力量在发挥作用？

GORRITI: The pandemic has hit very hard. As a result of the measures against the pandemic, we have had an unprecedented⁴ economic recession. And all of that was under the helm of former President Vizcarra, the one who was impeached. Nevertheless, his popularity level remained consistently very high because people believed that he was making every strenuous⁵ effort to try to take the country ahead of that. And they saw his impeachment⁶ as a blatant⁷ abuse of power by opportunistic politicians who just wanted to take him out in terms of the huge anti-corruption campaign that has taken place in Peru in the last years.

戈里蒂：新冠疫情对秘鲁造成的打击非常严重。由于采取了防治这一流行病的措施，秘鲁经历了前所未有的经济衰退。而这一切都发生在前总统维兹卡拉执政期间，他已经被弹劾。然而，他的受欢迎程度一直很高，因为人们相信他正在尽一切努力带领这个国家走出困境。人们认为，对他的弹劾是机会主义政客在公然滥用权力，这些人想利用秘鲁过去几年发生的大规模反腐运动除掉他。

And that triggered massive protests. Police was especially brutal⁸. And late last week, two young people — two students were killed. Many, many more were wounded, and some people were disappeared. Actually, there are a couple still unaccounted for.

这引发了大规模抗议。警察特别残忍。上周晚些时候，两名年轻人——两名学生被杀。还有更多人受伤，一些人失踪。实际上，现在仍有一对夫妇下落不明。

KELLY: What does it look like? What does it feel like out and about in the streets there today?

凯利：情况怎么样？今天在街上感觉如何？

GORRITI: People are, in a way, jubilant. There is a sense of triumph together with the sadness, of course, for the lives lost, for the damage caused and for the fact that we all — everybody knows are very hard weeks and months ahead. It's going to be a very short interim⁹ government that will end on July 28 next year. And we'll have general elections, both for presidential and Congress. And then we have to see that we don't get a second wave of COVID, which would be devastating¹⁰. And then we need also to begin the economic recovery from the horrible recession that the pandemic put us through.

戈里蒂：在某种程度上，人们是兴高采烈的。当然，我们既有胜利的感觉也感到悲伤，因为有生命损失、造成了破坏，而且我们所有人都知道未来几周和几个月会非常艰难。这将是一个任期非常短的临时政府，这个政府将于明年7月28日结束。我们将举行总统和国会选举。之后，我们必须确保不会出现第二波新冠肺炎疫情，因为那将会造成毁灭性打击。接下来，我们还要开始从新冠疫情造成的可怕经济衰退中复苏。

KELLY: That is Gustavo Gorriti. He's editor-in-chief of IDL Reporters, speaking to us from Lima, Peru.

凯利：以上是古斯塔沃·戈里蒂带来的报道。他是IDL记者网的主编，从秘鲁利马和我们进行了连线。

Mr. Gorriti, thank you.

戈里蒂先生，谢谢你。

GORRITI: You're very welcome.

戈里蒂：不客气。

1 impeached   

v.控告（某人）犯罪( impeach的过去式和过去分词 )；弹劾；对（某事物）怀疑；提出异议

参考例句：

• Elected officials can be impeached. 经过选举产生的官员可以被弹劾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The judge was impeached for taking a bribe. 这个法官被检举接受贿赂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 technocrat   

n.技术人员，技术官僚

参考例句：

• He is a distant technocrat who is unable to connect with ordinary voters.作为一个冷淡的技术官僚，他不能做到与普通选民息息相通。
• Jack Lew,the new budget director,is the quintessential technocrat.新预算主管杰克·卢就是一个典型的技术官僚。

3 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

4 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

5 strenuous   

adj.奋发的，使劲的；紧张的；热烈的，狂热的

参考例句：

• He made strenuous efforts to improve his reading. 他奋发努力提高阅读能力。
• You may run yourself down in this strenuous week.你可能会在这紧张的一周透支掉自己。

6 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

7 blatant   

adj.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的

参考例句：

• I cannot believe that so blatant a comedy can hoodwink anybody.我无法相信这么显眼的一出喜剧能够欺骗谁。
• His treatment of his secretary was a blatant example of managerial arrogance.他管理的傲慢作风在他对待秘书的态度上表露无遗。

8 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

9 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

10 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。