PBS高端访谈:从ISIS手中夺取费卢杰的重要性

 　　JOHN YANG: The Iraqi government, with United States support, stepped up the pace to retake the city of Fallujah. Iraqi military forces stormed the southern edge of the city, which has been controlled by ISIS since January 2014.

　　Iraqi tanks rolled down a main road leading into Fallujah, spearheading the all-out push to recapture the city. The offensive to rout¹ ISIS militants² began last week, with government forces advancing slowly to try to minimize civilian³ casualties. Government officials and aid groups estimate at least 50,000 people are trapped in the besieged⁴ city.

　　HADI AL-AMIRI, Commander, Popular Mobilization Forces (through interpreter): Our advice to our troops is to treat families gently and kindly⁵, and to respect them. Our advice to fighters is to protect and guard public and private properties.

　　JOHN YANG: Fallujah, about 40 miles west of Baghdad, is one of the Islamic State's last major strongholds in the region. ISIS has controlled it since 2014. Ramadi, farther to the west, was liberated⁶ at the end of last year. It was a major victory for Iraqi forces, but at a great cost. Much of Ramadi was leveled in the process.

　　Fallujah may now face a similar fate. It's being bombarded by Iraqi forces on the ground and the U.S.-led coalition⁷ from the air. The city is no stranger to destruction. It was largely ruined back in 2004, after the U.S. invasion and subsequent battles with insurgents⁸.

　　Maher Chmaytelli is the Reuters bureau chief in Baghdad.

　　从ISIS手中夺取费卢杰的重要性

　　MAHER CHMAYTELLI, Reuters: The population of Fallujah is — is a conservative population, It's like an Islamic Sunni, conservative, has a Sunni conservative background.

　　Historically, let's say, since 2003, since Saddam was toppled, Fallujah was very much like a bastion of the insurgency⁹ against first the U.S. occupation of Iraq, and later off against the Shiite-led governments that were put in place after the removal of Saddam.

　　JOHN YANG: Thousands have been displaced by the years of fighting, and some have been living in camps for two years. They say conditions in the city are desperate.

　　BAAHJET IBRAHIM, Imam from Fallujah (through interpreter): Those who are inside cannot leave and those who are outside cannot help them. I mean, there is no food at all. A sack of flour costs more than $800. And you can't even get it. Now my relatives who are still there have paid 683 U.S. dollars for 44 pounds of rice and flour.

　　JOHN YANG: There have been calls for the government to open a safe corridor for the injured, elderly and children to leave.

　　As Islamic State forces are pressed in Fallujah, they are striking back in Baghdad. Mangled¹⁰ wreckage¹¹ was all that was left of a suicide bomber's car that detonated near a commercial area today, killing¹² eight civilians¹³ and three soldiers.

　　MAN (through interpreter): By launching such attacks, the militants aimed to thwart¹⁴ our determination and resolution to go forward with our victories in Fallujah and Garma. Despite the casualties that we have suffered, we are ready to proceed with our battles and our military gains.

　　JOHN YANG: The targets in the Iraqi capital have been largely Shiites, and the Shiite-dominated government is feeling the heat.

　　MAHER CHMAYTELLI: Shia politicians have been pressuring the government to take action against Fallujah after the series of bombings that we have seen, especially over the pats two weeks. As soon as he announced the offensive on Fallujah, we have seen more or less the Shiite community rallying around him, participating in the battles.

　　JOHN YANG: Iraqi officials say they have to take Fallujah before moving on to Mosul, the country's second largest city.

1 rout   

n.溃退，溃败；v.击溃，打垮

参考例句：

• The enemy was put to rout all along the line.敌人已全线崩溃。
• The people's army put all to rout wherever they went.人民军队所向披靡。

2 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

3 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

4 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

5 kindly   

adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地

参考例句：

• Her neighbours spoke of her as kindly and hospitable.她的邻居都说她和蔼可亲、热情好客。
• A shadow passed over the kindly face of the old woman.一道阴影掠过老太太慈祥的面孔。

6 liberated   

a.无拘束的，放纵的

参考例句：

• The city was liberated by the advancing army. 军队向前挺进，解放了那座城市。
• The heat brings about a chemical reaction, and oxygen is liberated. 热量引起化学反应，释放出氧气。

7 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

8 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

9 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

10 mangled   

vt.乱砍（mangle的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• His hand was mangled in the machine. 他的手卷到机器里轧烂了。
• He was off work because he'd mangled his hand in a machine. 他没上班，因为他的手给机器严重压伤了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 wreckage   

n.（失事飞机等的）残骸，破坏，毁坏

参考例句：

• They hauled him clear of the wreckage.他们把他从形骸中拖出来。
• New states were born out of the wreckage of old colonial empires.新生国家从老殖民帝国的废墟中诞生。

12 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

13 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

14 thwart   

v.阻挠，妨碍，反对；adj.横(断的)

参考例句：

• We must thwart his malevolent schemes.我们决不能让他的恶毒阴谋得逞。
• I don't think that will thwart our purposes.我认为那不会使我们的目的受到挫折。