PBS高端访谈:英国退欧公投有明显的代沟及分歧

 　　GWEN IFILL: We return now to the story of Brexit, and a look at the generational divisions among British voters in last week's referendum.

　　Hari Sreenivasan is in London.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Carshalton, less than 15 miles from the center of London. Unlike their downtown neighbors, these South London voters decided¹ it was best for Britain to leave the European Union.

　　After Sunday services at All Saints Anglican Church comes Sunday tea, this week with a spoonful of Brexit.

　　Hillary Wortley is happy that the U.K. is getting out of the E.U.

　　英国退欧公投有明显的代沟分歧

　　HILLARY WORTLEY, England: They take our money, they don't give it all back to us, and what they do give back to us, they tell us what we should spend it on.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Forty-seven-year-old Tracey Hall-Green works in financial services, an area already hit by the Brexit. But she says that the E.U. was providing diminishing returns.

　　TRACEY HALL-GREEN, England: More and more weak countries are joining. Initially², there were seven countries, so that was fine, but now there are 28. And there's strong powers, and then there's a lot of other ones which are bankrupt, like Greece.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: As for the current market turmoil³?

　　TRACEY HALL-GREEN: If there's a blip, I'm quite happy to take a bit of a hit in the interim⁴ for the good of the country.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: In nearby Sutton, Martin O'Leary was taking a smoke break outside a pub where he was watching a soccer match.

　　And you voted which way?

　　MARTIN O'LEARY, England: I voted to leave the European market, yes.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: How come?

　　MARTIN O'LEARY: First of all, I think most of it was mainly immigration, but also it's like the schooling⁵ system. It's like my granddaughter can't be guaranteed to go to a school near here — she might have to go four or five….It's just overpopulating our schools, our hospitals and everything.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: We caught up with Paul Scully, who represents this bedroom community in Parliament.

　　His family was getting ready for brunch⁶. We sat down on his patio⁷. And he told us why a majority his constituents⁸ voted the way they did.

　　Why is it better for someone in this neighborhood if Britain is no longer part of the E.U.?

　　PAUL SCULLY, MP, Sutton and Cheam: I think there's three things. There's the economy. There are opportunities around the world, whereas the European economy isn't growing at all.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: He also mentioned immigration.

　　PAUL SCULLY: Where people can come from Greece, where youth unemployment is 50 percent, to London on the hope of a job, whereas if you have got a skilled worker, skilled I.T. consultant⁹ from India or you have got a nurse from the Philippines or from Australia, they have got to apply and go through a lot of bureaucracy to have the hope of coming here to do a job that we really want them to do.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: And, finally, sovereignty.

　　PAUL SCULLY: They don't want an unelected, unaccountable bureaucrat¹⁰ in Brussels, in Belgium, talking — telling us what we should be doing and creating regulations and directives.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Bill Main-ian and his friends at the local U.K. Independence Party, or UKIP, campaigned for nine months to convince voters to leave the E.U.

　　BILL MAIN-IAN, England: In a word, sovereignty. In a word, democracy. In a word, destiny.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Bill wasn't able to convince his own children.

　　After your daughter came home from the polls and you figured out that she didn't vote the same way you did, what was that conversation like?

　　BILL MAIN-IAN: Look, once they understood the issues, they made it on the other side, I respect that. Wouldn't agree with it, but I would respect it.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: It wasn't just the Main-ian household. Across the country, there was a generational divide; younger voters wanted to remain, older voters wanted to leave.

　　HALEY: I'm really quite terrified about the whole thing.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Haley and her husband, Dan, who didn't want to give us their last names, are in their 20s and live in London. Unlike Haley's parents, they voted to stay in the E.U.

　　HALEY: I'm not really sure what's going to happen and that uncertainty¹¹ is really — is really unsettling.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Nineteen-year-old Phoebe Jordan is also worried.

　　PHOEBE JORDAN, England: In two years, I will be leaving university, which is the same time we will be leaving the E.U. And I'm nervous about jobs, working abroad. I think it makes the majority of me and my friends very nervous.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Swati Dhingra, a professor at the London School of Economics, says the fears of Jordan and her peers are well-founded.

　　SWATI DHINGRA, London School of Economics: The large, persistent¹² negative effects of wages on young college graduates if they enter during a downturn, even 15 years afterwards, they have 2.5 percent lower income. So, in that sense, these are persistent effects which stay with the younger population, and they are the ones who are going to be growing up with that.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Quite a few of the young people say this is going to jeopardize¹³ our futures¹⁴.

　　BILL MAIN-IAN: Their future actually I think has been guaranteed because of the patriotic¹⁵ campaigning that our side of the debate has been doing. They may not see it now. Perhaps in five, 10, 15 years' time, they may recall their position and may be grateful.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Back at All Saints Church, Hillary Wortley says Britain's young voters have only themselves to blame for the outcome.

　　HILLARY WORTLEY: A lot of the young people didn't vote and that's why they're angry now. My nephew didn't vote because he thought he could vote online, and when he found out he couldn't, he couldn't be bothered to move down to the polling station.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: The message from the pulpit, healing after division.

　　MAN: Revenge is sweet to start with, but living on sugar will kill you.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: A sermon likely to be repeated as this continental¹⁶ divorce continues.

　　For the "PBS NewsHour" I'm Hari Sreenivasan in London.

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

3 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

4 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

5 schooling   

n.教育；正规学校教育

参考例句：

• A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
• Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。

6 brunch   

n.早午餐

参考例句：

• They eat much the same thing for brunch every day.每天早午餐他们总是吃同样的东西。
• What did you have for your brunch?你早午饭都吃些什么？

7 patio   

n.庭院，平台

参考例句：

• Suddenly, the thought of my beautiful patio came to mind. I can be quiet out there,I thought.我又忽然想到家里漂亮的院子，我能够在这里宁静地呆会。
• They had a barbecue on their patio on Sunday.星期天他们在院子里进行烧烤。

8 constituents   

n.选民( constituent的名词复数 )；成分；构成部分；要素

参考例句：

• She has the full support of her constituents. 她得到本区选民的全力支持。
• Hydrogen and oxygen are the constituents of water. 氢和氧是水的主要成分。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 consultant   

n.顾问；会诊医师，专科医生

参考例句：

• He is a consultant on law affairs to the mayor.他是市长的一个法律顾问。
• Originally,Gar had agreed to come up as a consultant.原来，加尔只答应来充当我们的顾问。

10 bureaucrat   

n. 官僚作风的人，官僚，官僚政治论者

参考例句：

• He was just another faceless bureaucrat.他只不过是一个典型呆板的官员。
• The economy is still controlled by bureaucrats.经济依然被官僚们所掌控。

11 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

12 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。

13 jeopardize   

vt.危及，损害

参考例句：

• Overworking can jeopardize your health.工作过量可能会危及你的健康。
• If you are rude to the boss it may jeopardize your chances of success.如果你对上司无礼，那就可能断送你成功的机会。

14 futures   

n.期货，期货交易

参考例句：

• He continued his operations in cotton futures.他继续进行棉花期货交易。
• Cotton futures are selling at high prices.棉花期货交易的卖价是很高的。

15 patriotic   

adj.爱国的，有爱国心的

参考例句：

• His speech was full of patriotic sentiments.他的演说充满了爱国之情。
• The old man is a patriotic overseas Chinese.这位老人是一位爱国华侨。

16 continental   

adj.大陆的，大陆性的，欧洲大陆的

参考例句：

• A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
• The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。