PBS高端访谈:土耳其政府镇压政变触动了千万人

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN: President Obama spoke¹ by phone today with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. The U.S. Justice and State Departments are reviewing Turkey's extradition² request for Fethullah Gulen, the man the country says is responsible for the attempted coup³ last week.

　　And in its aftermath, the crackdown has only intensified⁴, with thousands more civil servants suspended from their jobs today, in addition to the thousands already under detention⁵.

　　For more, we're joined now from Istanbul by special correspondent Marcia Biggs.

　　Marcia, you're standing⁶ in front what looks like, what — is this a pro-Erdogan rally?

　　MARCIA BIGGS: Indeed, Hari.

　　This is the largest protest of the last five days. The first night, as you will remember, on Friday night, when the coup was attempted, President Erdogan called on his people to come down to the streets to save democracy, as he said, to protect him, to protect the government, and this is the fifth day.

　　People have come down in droves every single day. And this is by far the largest. I would say maybe 3,000 people are here tonight. The mood is one of nationalism, the Turkish flags, a lot of saving the fatherland.

　　What is very interesting is that Erdogan sent messages, text messages to his people, to the citizens of Turkey today, saying, please come down to the streets, as he has every day, to save the fatherland, to save democracy. And out they have come.

　　Public transportation has been free every day. Indeed, I took the ferry and I took a tram today, paid no money, and that is to encourage people to come down into the streets.

　　土耳其政府镇压政变触动了千万人

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Tell me about the impact. Is there an impact that you can feel, though, the people that you talk to can feel about all these detentions⁷ and firings?

　　MARCIA BIGGS: The crackdown over the last couple of days has been brutal⁸, as you mentioned, 30,000 suspensions of various ministries⁹, police and education.

　　That's the people who work in the prime minister's office, judges, prosecutors¹⁰, 15,000, as you mentioned, members of the Education Ministry¹¹; 1,500 deans were asked to resign, and that's in addition to the 1,000 civilians¹² that were arrested and the 6,000 soldiers that were arrested.

　　That's 50,000 people in this country that have been affected¹³ by this crackdown, whether it's being fired, whether it's being asked to resign, whether it's being detained. It's incredible.

　　And, basically, the feeling that I have gotten from people is just get a wait-and-see attitude. There is a lot of fear for those, anyone who is opposed to Erdogan, of course. It was also announced today that any media organization with any ties to Fethullah Gulen could lose their broadcasting rights if they say anything that's critical of the government.

　　There were a couple of arrests for people who put on social media criticisms of President Erdogan. So, there is a lot of fear, not among this crowd, of course, because they are here in support of their president, but on the other side, there's a lot of fear and not a lot of talk, from what I have heard, just a lot of wait and see.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Yes.

　　All right, so tell us about a little bit about Fethullah Gulen. What do his followers¹⁴ believe?

　　MARCIA BIGGS: Well, Fethullah Gulen is known mostly for his network of schools here in Turkey.

　　He and Erdogan were closely allied¹⁵, until a couple of years ago, when there was a very bitter split over another case against rogue¹⁶ elements in the military, as well as corruption¹⁷ charges. He's in self-imposed exile, as you know, in the United States.

　　But members of the police, of education systems here in Turkey are a product of his schools. So, Erdogan supporters believe that it is his followers that could create this network of conspiracy¹⁸.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: So, are the people behind you concerned about some of the nationalist rhetoric¹⁹ that's coming up right now? Erdogan has said on TV in the past couple of days that he wants to reinstitute the death penalty. That has got consequences if Turkey wants to be a part of the E.U.

　　MARCIA BIGGS: I would not say that they're concerned.

　　I would say that they are repeating anything and everything that he says. Indeed, yesterday, in this square, not with these kinds of crowds, but the same mood, you had people hanging and burning in effigy²⁰ of Gulen and shouting very inflamed²¹ rhetoric about bringing back the death penalty.

　　So, no, I do not believe, from what I have seen, that the people behind me are concerned about this. I would say that they are repeating it loudly.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: Marcia Biggs joining us from Istanbul, thanks so much.

　　MARCIA BIGGS: Thank you.

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

3 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

4 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

6 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

7 detentions   

拘留( detention的名词复数 )； 扣押； 监禁； 放学后留校

参考例句：

• Teachers may assign detention tasks as they wish and some detentions have been actually dangerous. 老师可能随心所欲指派关禁闭的形式，有些禁闭事实上很危险。
• Intimidation, beatings and administrative detentions are often enough to prevent them from trying again. 恐吓，拷打和行政拘留足以阻止请愿者二次进京的脚步。

8 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

9 ministries   

（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )； 神职； 牧师职位； 神职任期

参考例句：

• Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。
• The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

10 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

11 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

12 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

13 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

14 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

15 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

16 rogue   

n.流氓；v.游手好闲

参考例句：

• The little rogue had his grandpa's glasses on.这淘气鬼带上了他祖父的眼镜。
• They defined him as a rogue.他们确定他为骗子。

17 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

18 conspiracy   

n.阴谋，密谋，共谋

参考例句：

• The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
• He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

19 rhetoric   

n.修辞学，浮夸之言语

参考例句：

• Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗？
• Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。

20 effigy   

n.肖像

参考例句：

• There the effigy stands,and stares from age to age across the changing ocean.雕像依然耸立在那儿，千秋万载地凝视着那变幻无常的大海。
• The deposed dictator was burned in effigy by the crowd.群众焚烧退位独裁者的模拟像。

21 inflamed   

adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His comments have inflamed teachers all over the country. 他的评论激怒了全国教师。
• Her joints are severely inflamed. 她的关节严重发炎。 来自《简明英汉词典》