PBS高端访谈:选民希望伊朗下任总统能让生活更富足

 　　The people of Iran go to the polls tomorrow to vote in a controlled, but still heated presidential election. From Tehran, special correspondent Reza Sayah reports.

　　It's the closing stretch in Iran's presidential race. And the capital, Tehran, is at fever pitch, from the streets, to sports arenas², and campaign headquarters.

　　The candidates' foot soldiers make a final push to win over voters.

　　It's an election that will pit liberals vs. conservatives, determine domestic policy, and shape Iran's relations with the West.

　　Zeinab Asgharpour wants another four years from incumbent³ President Hassan Rouhani.

　　These last days can make a huge difference. It's up to us to whip up excitement. If we do that, God willing, we will have good results.

　　Rouhani's government signed the historic nuclear deal with the U.S. and other world powers in 2015,

　　the first agreement involving Washington and Tehran since Iran's 1979 revolution. The deal lifted international sanctions, giving Iran access to global markets.

　　Have them tell you what they have done for the past 38 years. What I have done in the past four years is quite clear.

　　But Iran's economy is still struggling. The moderate reformer and his supporters say, let's be patient and move forward.

　　Maybe we didn't have an actual war, but there was a domestic struggle. We faced harsh sanctions. People suffered to survive. The last thing we want is to go backwards⁴.

　　But Rouhani supporters are nervous. There is a serious conservative challenge from hard-line cleric Ebrahim Raisi.

　　"Come this weekend, Rouhani is gone," cries rally leader Mahdi Armaghani.

　　We believe we are standing⁵ by the side of God, and God will definitely stand by us.

　　Raisi is Iran's former top prosecutor⁶, linked to mass executions of political dissidents in 1988.

　　He's never been elected to office, but is backed by the clerical establishment, an important endorsement⁷.

　　Some say he's being groomed⁸ to succeed Iran's supreme⁹ leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

　　In campaign speeches, Raisi accuses Rouhani of ignoring the poor and failing to deliver on the promised benefits of the nuclear agreement.

　　Most of our challenges can be solved with our nation's resources, our potential, strong leadership, our people's revolutionary values.

　　At this Raisi rally, a film taunts¹⁰ President Rouhani, suggesting he sold out his revolutionary values to cozy¹¹ up to Washington.

　　All these sanctions are in place. We lost our dignity. There's no doubt it's time for change.

　　Raisi's backers are mostly conservative, devoted¹² to Iran's revolutionary values and deeply suspicious of the West.

　　His main attention will be on us, inside the border. Some still chant "Death to America."

　　Rouhani's supporters want to silence those chants. They demand social and political reform and better relations with the West.

　　They say a vote for Raisi is a return to isolation¹³ and confrontation¹⁴.

　　America is bad, but it's not all bad. If we keep fighting and beating ourselves up, nothing will ever get done.

　　Tehran-based political analyst¹⁵ Mohammad Marandi says President Donald Trump¹⁶'s aggressive tone towards Iran,

　　coupled with some U.S. sanctions still in effect, have put Rouhani's reelection in jeopardy¹⁷.

　　Just this week, the Trump administration imposed new sanctions against Iran over its ballistic missile program.

　　They have not abided by their side of the bargain. And by doing so, they hurt President Rouhani, his credibility.

　　Marandi says, no matter who wins the vote, U.S.-Iran relations will remain icy, and, he says, there is little chance of confrontation.

　　The Iranians recognize that the United States is in a very difficult position, that it cannot launch another war. I don't think that there is any chance of military conflict.

　　In Northern Tehran this week, this has been a nightly ritual, people in cars, on foot making a lot of noise for their favorite candidate.

　　Maybe one of the most surprising aspects this campaign is how tolerant security forces have been.

　　People are able to gather, demonstrate, and chant slogans, even slogans that were very taboo¹⁸ just eight years ago.

　　When an estimated 25,000 Rouhani supporters packed Tehran's main sports arena¹ this week,

　　the loudest cheers were for Mir Hossein Mousavi, the reformist candidate whose defeat in 2009 sparked mass protests by the Green Movement.

　　The government crushed the protests, but the color green sits next to the Rouhani campaign's purple banners, still symbolizing¹⁹ the demand for democratic change.

　　No matter who voters are supporting, their number one demand is for the next president to make life more affordable²⁰.

　　I think that the important thing for Iranians right now is the state of the economy.

　　Three out of 10 young Iranians don't have jobs. Many can't afford to get married or buy a home. Rouhani wants more time to fix the economy.

　　The lifting of international sanctions increased oil sales and curbed²¹ inflation,

　　but the billions of dollars in foreign investment President Rouhani promised have yet to arrive.

　　Raisi says he will fight corruption²², build low-income housing, and double cash subsidies²³ to the poor.

　　Former banker and economic analyst Sadegh Samii says Iran's economy will continue to struggle as long as U.S. sanctions continue to block Iran from the international banking²⁴ system.

　　If I want to transfer $1,000 to my children to Canada through the banking system, it's impossible.

　　Even European banks are afraid of being fined by the U.S. Treasury²⁵ if they work with Iran.

　　Without the Western money, without the Western banking system, nothing, nothing can possibly function within this country.

　　No incumbent president in Iran has failed to win a second term since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

　　Zeinab Asgharpour and fellow Rouhani supporters roam Tehran's streets, pleading for voters to keep that streak²⁶ alive.

　　For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Reza Sayah in Tehran. undefined

1 arena   

n.竞技场，运动场所；竞争场所，舞台

参考例句：

• She entered the political arena at the age of 25. 她25岁进入政界。
• He had not an adequate arena for the exercise of his talents.他没有充分发挥其才能的场所。

2 arenas   

表演场地( arena的名词复数 )； 竞技场； 活动或斗争的场所或场面； 圆形运动场

参考例句：

• Demolition derbies are large-scale automobile rodeos that take place in big arenas. 撞车比赛指的是在很大的竞技场上举行的大型汽车驾驶技术表演。
• Are there areas of privacy in the most public of arenas? 在绝大部分公开的场合中存在需要保护隐私的领域吗？

3 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

4 backwards   

adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地

参考例句：

• He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
• All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。

5 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

6 prosecutor   

n.起诉人；检察官，公诉人

参考例句：

• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
• The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。

7 endorsement   

n.背书；赞成，认可，担保；签(注)，批注

参考例句：

• We are happy to give the product our full endorsement.我们很高兴给予该产品完全的认可。
• His presidential campaign won endorsement from several celebrities.他参加总统竞选得到一些社会名流的支持。

8 groomed   

v.照料或梳洗（马等）( groom的过去式和过去分词 )；使做好准备；训练；（给动物）擦洗

参考例句：

• She is always perfectly groomed. 她总是打扮得干净利落。
• Duff is being groomed for the job of manager. 达夫正接受训练，准备当经理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

10 taunts   

嘲弄的言语，嘲笑，奚落( taunt的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He had to endure the racist taunts of the crowd. 他不得不忍受那群人种族歧视的奚落。
• He had to endure the taunts of his successful rival. 他不得不忍受成功了的对手的讥笑。

11 cozy   

adj.亲如手足的，密切的，暖和舒服的

参考例句：

• I like blankets because they are cozy.我喜欢毛毯，因为他们是舒适的。
• We spent a cozy evening chatting by the fire.我们在炉火旁聊天度过了一个舒适的晚上。

12 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

13 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

14 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

15 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

16 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

17 jeopardy   

n.危险；危难

参考例句：

• His foolish behaviour may put his whole future in jeopardy.他愚蠢的行为可能毁了他一生的前程。
• It is precisely at this juncture that the boss finds himself in double jeopardy.恰恰在这个关键时刻，上司发现自己处于进退两难的境地。

18 taboo   

n.禁忌，禁止接近，禁止使用；adj.禁忌的；v.禁忌，禁制，禁止

参考例句：

• The rude words are taboo in ordinary conversation.这些粗野的字眼在日常谈话中是禁忌的。
• Is there a taboo against sex before marriage in your society?在你们的社会里，婚前的性行为犯禁吗？

19 symbolizing   

v.象征，作为…的象征( symbolize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• This symbol later evolved into a common hieroglyphic symbolizing victory. 这幕场景后来逐渐演化为象征胜利的普通象形文字。 来自时文部分
• Mooncakes reunion, is symbolizing the Mid-Autumn festival will feed. 月饼象征着团圆，是中秋佳节必食之品。 来自互联网

20 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

21 curbed   

v.限制，克制，抑制( curb的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Advertising aimed at children should be curbed. 针对儿童的广告应受到限制。 来自辞典例句
• Inflation needs to be curbed in Russia. 俄罗斯需要抑制通货膨胀。 来自辞典例句

22 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

23 subsidies   

n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。
• Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》

24 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

25 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

26 streak   

n.条理，斑纹，倾向，少许，痕迹；v.加条纹，变成条纹，奔驰，快速移动

参考例句：

• The Indians used to streak their faces with paint.印第安人过去常用颜料在脸上涂条纹。
• Why did you streak the tree?你为什么在树上刻条纹？