PBS高端访谈:政府关闭影响社区服务金

Judy Woodruff: The shutdown has also had an impact on services the federal government is obligated to pay to Native Americans under treaty rights. From Wisconsin Public Television, Marisa Wojcik reports from Shawano, Wisconsin, where one tribe is already short more than a million dollars.

Shannon Holsey: Certainly, we are monitoring this closely.

Marisa Wojcik: Shannon Holsey is the president of the Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican Indians located on 22,000 acres in Shawano County, Wisconsin. Her office has been fielding questions from the community.

Shannon Holsey: We have gotten calls asking how concerned they should be with regards to the services that are provided.

Marisa Wojcik: Like any government, community services, including health care, education, public safety and care for the elderly, are all supported by the tribe. Most tribal¹ nations receive federal funding budgeted through Congress annually².

Shannon Holsey: The funds that we receive are through trust and treaty responsibilities. They're not aid.

Marisa Wojcik: And with the government shutdown, these funds are no longer coming into the community.

Andrew Miller³: Well, I can say that we're starting to feel the impact already.

Marisa Wojcik: Andrew Miller is the director of the community health clinic.

Andrew Miller: IHS, Indian Health Service, provides funds to allow us to run this clinic. These are not handouts⁴, if you will. These are a requirement per those treaties. Right now, we serve about 2,800 patients. Of those patients, about one-third are elderly, who rely heavily on our services.

Marisa Wojcik: Even before the shutdown, the tribal nation has been offsetting⁵ costs from their own pocket.

Andrew Miller: We started out underfunded. IHS has estimated that we're only funded about 40 percent of our need to provide medical services to our population.

Marisa Wojcik: The Stockbridge-Munsee community supports more than just its Native citizens.

Shannon Holsey: As the largest employer in Shawano County, we recognize the overwhelming need of the citizens. We don't just live on a Native American reservation. We contribute to a broader extent to our community.

Paige Lehman: I try to be friendly to everybody and wave.

Marisa Wojcik: Officer Paige Lehman is non-Native. She's cross-deputized, as a tribal officer and a Shawano County sheriff deputy.

Paige Lehman: We basically patrol two different areas of the whole Shawano County. I think, for a long time, we actually had a Shawano patch on one side and a Stockbridge on the other.

Marisa Wojcik: Even though she serves all of Shawano County, she's employed by the tribe.

Shannon Holsey: We're hoping that it never has to get to the point where you have to, going to have to furlough people.

Paige Lehman: I like working here, and I hope that I never have to leave for something like that, but you never know.

Marisa Wojcik: A shutdown that leaves tribal nations severely⁶ shorted on the U.S. government's obligations hatched long ago in treaty agreements.

Shannon Holsey: We gave up a great deal. A lot was lost in that. It's not just land. We're caught up in this unrelated D.C. politics over a border wall.

The president and Congress need to really immediately reopen the government. We're talking about human capital. We're talking about people and the effect that it has on their lives.

Marisa Wojcik: For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Marisa Wojcik in Shawano, Wisconsin.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：美国政府停摆对联邦政府根据条约权应向美国公民垫付的社会服务资金有影响。下面请听玛丽莎从威斯康星州沙瓦诺县的威斯康星公共电视台发回的报道。政府已经欠了这里的一拨人100多万美元。

香农·哈尔茜：是的，我们正在密切关注这件事的发展。

玛丽莎：香农·哈尔茜是斯托克布里奇-门西社区的莫希干人，生活在威斯康星州沙瓦诺县。这里占地面积达2.2万英亩。她所在的办事处正在处理该社群的一些问题。

香农·哈尔茜：我们接到一些市民的电话，他们询问是否应该对联邦政府提供的服务有所担心，应该担心到什么程度。

玛丽莎：跟任何政府一样，社区服务，比如医疗、教育、公共安全、赡养老人，这些都是由该社区提供的。大多数社区都会收到国会按年打来的联邦预算资金。

香农·哈尔茜：我们收到的资金是基于彼此间的信任和条约的责任约束，这并非救援。

玛丽莎：而由于政府停摆，社区已经不再收到资金了。

安德鲁·米勒：我想说我们已经开始感受到政府停摆的影响了。

玛丽莎：安德鲁·米勒是社区健康诊所的负责人。

安德鲁·米勒：印第安健康服务提供了资金，让我们可以运营这家诊所。这不是手册，而是条约里的要求。目前，我们大概有2800名患者。其中1/3是老人，都只能依靠联邦政府提供的服务。

玛丽莎：即便是政府停摆前，该社区获得的资金已经在缩减。

安德鲁·米勒：我们的资金开始不足。根据印第安健康服务的估测，我们只得到了所需求资金的近40%，这不足以支持我们为社区成员提供医疗服务。

玛丽莎：斯托克布里奇-门西社区支持的不仅是其本土的市民。

香农·哈尔茜：作为沙瓦诺县最大的雇主，我们意识到了市民的巨大需求。我们不只为印第安保留地而努力，我们还为社群之外的人做贡献。

佩奇·雷曼：我试着对每个人友好，向他们挥手。

玛丽莎：佩奇·雷曼是一名工作人员，他不是本地人。他是多方代表，既是该社群的工作人员，也是沙瓦诺县的副警长。

佩奇·雷曼：我们基本上会巡视沙瓦诺县的2个不同区域。很长时间里，我们会同时在沙瓦诺县和斯托克布里奇部署人力。

玛丽莎：虽然她为整个沙瓦诺县服务，但她的雇佣关系是在社区的。

香农·哈尔茜：我们希望永远不会走到要让员工暂时休假的地步。

佩奇·雷曼：我喜欢在这里工作，我希望我永远不会离开这里，但未来会发生什么，谁都不知道。

玛丽莎：这次停摆让各社区无法获得美国政府根据条约权所应该担负起的责任。

香农·哈尔茜：我们放弃了很多，损失了很多，这不是土地的问题。我们莫名其妙地卷入了美国政府关于是否建造边境墙的旋涡中。特朗普总统和国会都需要迅速让政府停止停摆。我们讨论的是人力资本的问题，是人和政府停摆对人生活影响的问题。

玛丽莎：感谢收听玛丽莎从威斯康星州沙瓦诺县发回的《新闻一小时》报道。

1 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

2 annually   

adv.一年一次，每年

参考例句：

• Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

3 miller   

n.磨坊主

参考例句：

• Every miller draws water to his own mill.磨坊主都往自己磨里注水。
• The skilful miller killed millions of lions with his ski.技术娴熟的磨坊主用雪橇杀死了上百万头狮子。

4 handouts   

救济品( handout的名词复数 )； 施舍物； 印刷品； 讲义

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts. 士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Even after losing his job, he was too proud to accept handouts. 甚至在失去工作后，他仍然很骄傲，不愿接受施舍。

5 offsetting   

n.偏置法v.抵消( offset的现在分词 )；补偿；（为了比较的目的而）把…并列（或并置）；为（管道等）装支管

参考例句：

• Dealers, having concluded a forward contract, should always hedge with an offsetting contract. 外汇经营商在签订了一项远期合同之后总是应进行套头交易签订一项相抵合同。 来自辞典例句
• Where does Germany think offsetting shifts into greater external deficits might occur? 在德国看来，这么大的外部赤字应该转移到哪里？ 来自互联网

6 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。