PBS高端访谈:跨性别青少年身份认同

Well, transgender rights have been front and center for the last year.

去年，跨性别者权利一直是人们关注的焦点。

And, in the next few weeks, a new law will take effect in Texas banning transgender student athletes from playing sports that match their gender¹ identity.

未来几周，一项新的法律将在德克萨斯州生效，禁止跨性别学生运动员参加与他们性别认同相符的运动。

According to the ACLU, Texas is one of 31 states that's introduced or passed similar legislation².

据美国公民自由联盟称，德克萨斯州是引入或通过类似立法的31个州之一。

And studies show even the debate over limiting trans rights takes a toll³ on mental health for trans youth.

研究表明，就连限制跨性别者权利的争论也会对变性青年的心理健康造成损害。

First, Alice Scott from our Student Reporting Labs talks to two teens in Texas.

首先，我们的学生报告实验室的爱丽丝·斯科特采访了德克萨斯州的两名青少年。

I'm just a normal teenager, and I'm figuring out what my normal is.

我只是个普通的青少年，我正在思考楚我的正常状态是什么。

Jake Waggoner, a ninth grader in Austin, Texas, came out as transgender in November of 2020.

2020年11月，德克萨斯州奥斯汀市一名九年级学生杰克·瓦格纳宣布自己是跨性别者。

His process of both forming and forging⁴ his identity was a normal part of his adolescence⁵, much like Wednesday Gomez,

他形成和锻造自己身份的过程是他青春期的一个正常部分，就像沃登·戈麦斯一样。

a 10th grader also from Austin, Texas, whose views on gender and sexuality have also recently become more clear.

戈麦斯也是来自德克萨斯州奥斯汀市的一名10年级学生，他对性别和性的观点最近也变得更加清晰。

I'm nonbinary, which means I'm not a boy or a girl, and I don't really identify with either of those things.

我是非二元性别，这意味着我不是男孩也不是女孩，我对这两者都不感兴趣。

I'm kind of everything and nothing at the same time.

我什么都有，同时又什么都没有。

Many teens and their families are learning the value of self-discovery.

许多青少年和他们的家庭正在认识到自我发现的价值。

According to national surveys from the CDC, the percentage of young people ages 15 to 17 who identify as non-heterosexual grew from just over 8 percent in 2015 to nearly 12 percent in 2019.

根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的全国调查，15至17岁的年轻人中非异性恋者的比例从2015年的略高于8%上升到2019年的近12%。

I had a really hard time like being able to be happy before I came out.

在出柜之前，我很难开心起来。

Like, I was sort of like, yes, I am happy, but I'm not being myself and being happy at the same time, which felt really off for me.

就像，我有点，是的，我很快乐，但我不是我自己，同时也很快乐，这对我来说真的不对劲。

Even though I don't know a lot of things right now, as a younger person, I know who I am.

虽然我现在不知道很多事情，但作为一个年轻人，我知道我是谁。

The process of coming out looks different for each person who goes through it.

出柜的过程对每个人来说都是不同的。

Mentally, I have just been a lot happier because I feel I have always tried to keep this in my own head, because I didn't really know what it was or how to explain it.

在精神上，我一直很快乐，因为我觉得我一直在努力把它记在自己的脑海里，因为我真的不知道它是什么，也不知道如何解释它。

But then, when I came out, I was just like, OK, and I felt so much more mental freedom.

但是，当我出柜的时候，我就想，好吧，我感觉精神上自由多了。

I have been feeling so much more connected to myself and represented in my life.

我感觉自己与生活的联系更加紧密了。

And every time someone refers to me correctly, it just really helps me feel very much secure and grounded in my identity.

每次有人正确地提到我，这真的让我感到非常安全，让我对自己的身份有了信心。

With more than three out of four transgender and nonbinary youth experiencing symptoms of an anxiety disorder⁶ last year, many are looking for more support.

去年，超过四分之三的跨性别者和非二元性别青年有焦虑症的症状，许多人正在寻求更多的支持。

I think today's youth are really aware of the fact that they don't have to fit into a box.

我认为今天的年轻人真的意识到一个事实，他们不必墨守成规。

Families can model supportive behavior for others to follow, such as using gender-inclusive language, respecting pronouns and avoiding dead-naming, the use of the person's former name, to better create an open dialogue and promote acceptance.

家庭可以为其他人树立支持行为的榜样，比如使用性别包容的语言，尊重代词，避免给死者命名，使用这个人的旧名字，以更好地创造公开对话，促进接受。

It's not about you. Your job is to show up and love your kid unconditionally⁷.

这与你无关。 你的工作就是无条件地去爱你的孩子。

Your sweet baby is the same, like, sweet baby that you always had and watched grow up.

你的宝贝还是那个，你一直拥有的，看着他长大的宝贝。

The transition⁸ doesn't undo⁹ or make them a different person.

这种转变不会让他们变成另一个人。

Having a supportive community can give transitioning teens an open space to communicate and express what they need to feel safe.

有一个支持性的社区可以给青少年一个开放的空间来交流和表达他们需要的安全感。

I think it's important for everybody to express themselves and just live as the person that they want to be.

我认为对每个人来说，表达自己，做自己想做的人是很重要的。

It's OK to not know who you are, and you will figure it out eventually.

不知道自己是谁没关系，你最终会明白的。

And it's important to feel supported, even if you aren't quite sure what you need to be supported in quite yet.

感觉被支持是很重要的，即使你还不太确定你需要什么支持。

For the "PBS NewsHour" Student Reporting Labs, I'm Alice Scott in Austin, Texas.

这里是“PBS新闻一小时”学生报道实验室，我是来自德克萨斯州奥斯汀的爱丽丝·斯科特。

1 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

2 legislation   

n.立法，法律的制定；法规，法律

参考例句：

• They began to draft legislation.他们开始起草法规。
• The liberals band together against the new legislation.自由党员联合一致反对新的立法。

3 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

4 forging   

锻炼，伪造

参考例句：

• The blacksmith is forging the horseshoe. 铁匠正在打造马蹄铁。
• They are forging ahead with their plans. 他们正在慢慢推行他们的计划。

5 adolescence   

n.青春期，青少年

参考例句：

• Adolescence is the process of going from childhood to maturity.青春期是从少年到成年的过渡期。
• The film is about the trials and tribulations of adolescence.这部电影讲述了青春期的麻烦和苦恼。

6 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

7 unconditionally   

adv.无条件地

参考例句：

• All foreign troops must be withdrawn immediately and unconditionally. 所有外国军队必须立即无条件地撤出。
• It makes things very awkward to have your girls going back unconditionally just now! 你们现在是无条件上工，真糟糕！ 来自子夜部分

8 transition   

n.转变，变迁，过渡

参考例句：

• Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood.青春期是童年与成年之间的过渡时期。
• They all support a peaceful transition.他们全部都支持和平过渡。

9 undo   

vt.解开，松开；取消，撤销

参考例句：

• His pride will undo him some day.他的傲慢总有一天会毁了他。
• I managed secretly to undo a corner of the parcel.我悄悄地设法解开了包裹的一角。