时差N小时 差异加深刻板影响

National Yangming University was recently the site of an international conference on the role of women in science. Arthur Chen, director of Yangming's Center of International Affairs, spoke¹ of the pervasive² influence of stereotypes³ in our lives.

国立阳明大学最近召开一场国际性会议（全球女性科学家会议），探讨女性在科学领域所扮演的角色。 阳明大学国际学术交流中心主任陈宜民，讨论了刻板印象在我们日常生活中所造成的普遍影响。

A conference designed in part to open society's mind about stereotypes about girls and women ought to push open the doors of our minds about other stereotypes we may harbor as well.

一场旨在呼吁社会对女性的刻板印象采取开放心胸的会议，也应该敦促我们对藏在心中的其他刻板印象敞开心门。

When the subject of cruel and inaccurate⁴ stereotypes here in Taiwan comes to mind, two groups of people come immediately to my mind.

提到在台湾被烙印成残忍和不确实刻板印象的对象时，我马上想到两个族群。

Those groups are Filipino migrant workers and homosexuals. When I raise the topic of Filipino workers with local people, 18 out of 20 times I get almost word for word the same barrage⁵ of images reeking⁶ with insensitive generalizations⁷. Gays and lesbians generally stir more positive stereotypical⁸ images, but still many regard them with deeply rooted feelings of disapproval⁹, suspicion and fear.

那两群人分别是菲律宾籍劳工和同性恋者。跟当地居民提起菲律宾劳工这个话题时，20个人中有18位给的评价千篇一律，语气中充满着麻木不仁。男、女同性恋者通常带给人们比较正面的印象，可还是有许多人以根深蒂固的否定、怀疑和恐惧感看待他们。

Whenever we find ourselves stereotyping¹⁰ other people, we need to stop and ask what it is we are doing, and why we are doing it. Do we want others to pass judgment¹¹ on us according to our nationality, our gender¹², or some other general characteristic? Aren't we individual people, and not clones of a group to which we may belong?

每当发现自己对别人产生刻板印象时，我们必须停下来，问问自己在做什麽，以及这样做的原因。我们希望他人因我们的国籍、性别或其他总体特征，对我们骤下判断吗？难道我们不是独立个体而是所属团体的复制品吗？

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 pervasive   

adj.普遍的；遍布的，(到处)弥漫的；渗透性的

参考例句：

• It is the most pervasive compound on earth.它是地球上最普遍的化合物。
• The adverse health effects of car exhaust are pervasive and difficult to measure.汽车尾气对人类健康所构成的有害影响是普遍的，并且难以估算。

3 stereotypes   

n.老套，模式化的见解，有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
• It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 inaccurate   

adj.错误的，不正确的，不准确的

参考例句：

• The book is both inaccurate and exaggerated.这本书不但不准确，而且夸大其词。
• She never knows the right time because her watch is inaccurate.她从来不知道准确的时间因为她的表不准。

5 barrage   

n.火力网，弹幕

参考例句：

• The attack jumped off under cover of a barrage.进攻在炮火的掩护下开始了。
• The fierce artillery barrage destroyed the most part of the city in a few minutes.猛烈的炮火几分钟内便毁灭了这座城市的大部分地区。

6 reeking   

v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象）

参考例句：

• I won't have you reeking with sweat in my bed! 我就不许你混身臭汗，臭烘烘的上我的炕！ 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
• This is a novel reeking with sentimentalism. 这是一本充满着感伤主义的小说。 来自辞典例句

7 generalizations   

一般化( generalization的名词复数 )； 普通化； 归纳； 概论

参考例句：

• But Pearlson cautions that the findings are simply generalizations. 但是波尔森提醒人们，这些发现是简单的综合资料。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 大脑与疾病
• They were of great service in correcting my jejune generalizations. 他们纠正了我不成熟的泛泛之论，帮了我大忙。

8 stereotypical   

n.常规

参考例句：

• Personas should be typical and believable, but not stereotypical. 人物角色应该是典型和可信赖的，但不是一成不变的。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Anything could be stereotypical, so I guess it could be criticism. 任何东西都可以变的老套，所以我猜那就是一种批评。 来自互联网

9 disapproval   

n.反对，不赞成

参考例句：

• The teacher made an outward show of disapproval.老师表面上表示不同意。
• They shouted their disapproval.他们喊叫表示反对。

10 stereotyping   

v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• I realize that I'm stereotyping. 我认识到我搞的是老一套。 来自辞典例句
• There is none of the gender stereotyping usually evident in school uniforms. 有没有人的性别刻板印象通常是显而易见的。 来自互联网

11 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

12 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。