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英语听力—环球英语 1137 The Human Face

时间:2012-10-31 05:26来源:互联网 提供网友:jpstudy   字体: [ ]
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   Voice 1

 
  Welcome to Spotlight1. I’m Liz Waid.
 
  Voice 2
 
  And I’m Robin2 Basselin. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Two eyes. One nose. Lips surrounding a mouth. These simple parts help make up one of the most important part of people’s bodies - the face! You may think your face is just a simple part of your body. But have you ever thought of all the amazing things your face can do?
 
  Voice 2
 
  Today’s Spotlight is on the human face. In this program we will look at how your face communicates. Do you know what messages your face is sending? Join us as we discover the wonders of your face!
 
  Voice 1
 
  You are happy! Smile! Now you feel anger. Frown3! Point the corners of your mouth down. Make a crease4, or line, in the skin above your eyes. You do not even have to say a single word. By moving your face into these positions, people already know how you feel. In fact, some experts believe that your face can produce more than seven thousand different expressions!
 
  Voice 2
 
  All these expressions are possible because of the muscles in your face. These muscles lie in thin layers under your skin. They form a kind of mask over your forehead, around your eyes, on your nose, through your cheeks, around your mouth, and down your chin. Your face is covered in muscles! To make an expression, you could move a few muscles at the same time. Or, you could move only one muscle. Each combination5 is a different facial expression.
 
  Voice 1
 
  You probably already know that facial expressions are a form of non-verbal communication. That is, the expressions on your face send a message to the person who is looking at you, without using words. They tell people how you are really feeling. But did you know that your face may also be sending a message even if you do not want it to?
 
  Voice 2
 
  The BBC produced a special series of programs about faces called “The Human Face.” In this program they followed the story of a married couple in England, Eden and Mandy. Eden and Mandy were having a difficult time in their relationship. They fought often. They thought their marriage was probably over! But they decided6 to try one more thing.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Mandy and Eden flew to the United States to meet with Dr. John Gottman. Dr. Gottman is a psychologist, a scientist who studies people. The BBC’s “The Human Face” program described how Dr. Gottman attached machines to Eden and Mandy. He asked them to talk to each other. As they talked, Dr. Gottman and his team of scientists observed how Eden and Mandy’s bodies changed while they talked.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Dr. Gottman found that arguing WAS hurting Eden and Mandy’s relationship. But he also believed there was more. Their facial expressions were making things worse! As they fought, Eden and Mandy began to exchange looks of disgust7 and contempt8. These expressions communicate hate and a lack of respect. Eden and Mandy never SAID they hated each other. But their facial expressions were communicating the message.
 
  Voice 1
 
  This might make you think about your own facial expressions. What are you communicating with your face? Can you see what other people are communicating with their faces? Experts say that facial expressions are not always the same across cultural lines. For example, people in one culture may use their eyes more to communicate a message. They will notice when the eyes are more open or closed. They will notice the lines around the other person’s eyes. We do not always notice what we are doing when we read the face of another person. But, by growing up in the culture we know, we have learned9 to read the faces of the people around us.
 
  Voice 2
 
  But experts say there are at least six facial expressions that everyone on earth can recognize. These expressions are happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise and disgust. You can probably easily imagine what each of these expressions look like. You do not need language to communicate these feelings - your face can communicate them for you - whether you want it to or not!
 
  Voice 1
 
  So, how do we learn to do that? If you have ever been around a baby you know that making funny faces will usually make a baby react, and maybe even laugh. Babies love to see different faces. When does this ability to recognize different facial expressions appear? One study set out to answer these questions. ABC News in the United States reported on one experiment on babies and faces. The experiment was done by researchers at Children’s Hospital Boston in the United States. They hoped to discover how babies learn to read facial expressions. They hoped to discover if babies could tell the difference between faces showing different emotions.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Charles Nelson is the director of the laboratory10 at Boston Hospital. His researchers attached sensors11 to the babies in the study. The sensors were painless, and looked almost like a net hat. The sensors helped to study the changes in the baby’s brain. Babies in the study only had to look at pictures on a screen. Cameras inside the screen could closely12 follow how the babies’ eyes moved.
 
  Voice 1
 
  Using the sensors and cameras Nelson gathered a lot of information. The babies looked at pictures of different faces. For example, they looked at a happy face or a face that showed fear. He compared how the babies’ eyes moved across the screen, and the measurement13 of their brain activity. Through these measurements14, he could know if a child recognized a difference in the faces.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Nelson’s results were very interesting! Remember how adults can usually correctly recognize six basic emotions - happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise and disgust? Nelson found that babies can also recognize most of these emotions! They can do this even before they can speak!
 
  Voice 1
 
  So why do people have these special abilities - the abilities to understand what others are feeling? Why does our face need to tell others what we feel? Nelson told ABC News his thoughts. He said people who are good at reading faces have a better chance at building relationships, getting a job and working well with others. That is, our faces help us to be a part of a community. They connect us with others.
 
  Voice 2
 
  Have you ever thought about what your face communicates to others? What does your face show? Tell us what you think. Our email is [email protected]. Or you can leave a comment on the script15 page of any program.
 
  Voice 1
 
  The writer and producer of this program was Liz Waid. The voices you heard were from the United States. All quotes have been adapted for this program and read by Spotlight. Computer users16 can hear our programs, read our scripts17, and see our word list on our website at http://www.radio.english.net This .program is called “The Human Face.” We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye!
 
  Some music in this program has been provided18 by Podington Bear.

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spotlight 6hBzmk     
n.公众注意的中心,聚光灯,探照灯,视听,注意,醒目
参考例句:
  • This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
  • The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。
2 robin Oj7zme     
n.知更鸟,红襟鸟
参考例句:
  • The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
  • We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟,知道春天要到了。
3 frown WfNzg     
vi.皱眉,不满,用皱眉对…表示不满(at)
参考例句:
  • Don't frown at me like that.不要那样对我皱眉。
  • Her frown gave him a speechless message.她眉头一皱给了他一个暗示。
4 crease qo5zK     
n.折缝,褶痕,皱褶;v.(使)起皱
参考例句:
  • Does artificial silk crease more easily than natural silk?人造丝比天然丝更易起皱吗?
  • Please don't crease the blouse when you pack it.包装时请不要将衬衫弄皱了。
5 combination dWUyT     
n.组合,合并,联合;
参考例句:
  • He carried on the business in combination with his friends.他与朋友们合伙做生意。
  • The materials can be used singly or in combination.这些材料可以单独使用也可以混合用。
6 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
7 disgust ylBzF     
n.使厌恶,使反感;vt.恶,反感
参考例句:
  • The food at the hotel filled him with disgust.旅馆的食物使他作呕。
  • My immediate reaction was just disgust.我当时的第一反应就是反感。
8 contempt xpEzO     
n.轻视,藐视,受辱,丢脸
参考例句:
  • She looked at him with immediate and undisguised contempt.她用毫不掩饰的轻蔑眼光看着他。
  • He refused to answer in contempt of the rules of the court.他藐视法院规章,拒绝回答。
9 learned m1oxn     
adj.有学问的,博学的;learn的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
  • In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里,他被视为有学问的人。
10 laboratory P27xd     
n.实验室,化验室
参考例句:
  • She has donated money to establish a laboratory.她捐款成立了一个实验室。
  • Our laboratory equipment isn't perfect,but we must make do.实验室设备是不够理想,但我们只好因陋就简。
11 sensors 029aee483db9ae244d7a5cb353e74602     
n.传感器,灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时,有很大变化。 来自辞典例句
12 closely XwNzIh     
adv.紧密地;严密地,密切地
参考例句:
  • We shall follow closely the development of the situation.我们将密切注意形势的发展。
  • The two companies are closely tied up with each other.这两家公司之间有密切联系。
13 measurement xC6xu     
n.测量,衡量;(量得的)尺寸,大小
参考例句:
  • I can find the size of something by means of measurement.我可以用测量法求得某物的体积。
  • He has made an accurate measurement of my garden.他准确地丈量了我的花园。
14 measurements c37be74d84f98bd288693a6bbee7a334     
n.量度( measurement的名词复数 );测量;衡量;(量得的)尺寸
参考例句:
  • The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first. 第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • In the metric system, measurements are made in metres and liters. 在公制中,用米和升作计量单位。 来自《简明英汉词典》
15 script 2Z4x4     
n.剧本,广播稿;文字体系;笔迹,手迹
参考例句:
  • It's easy to identify his script.他的笔迹容易辨认。
  • The script is massaged into final form.这篇稿子经过修改已定稿。
16 users 9bc65c2abec141778ffaa729489f3e87     
用户,使用者( user的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The new software will prove a boon to Internet users. 这种新软件将会对互联网用户大有益处。
  • Ramps should be provided for wheelchair users. 应该给轮椅使用者提供坡道。
17 scripts d6c5855a62cf32a4dadbc2831f0f295f     
剧本( script的名词复数 ); 文字; 笔迹; (一种语言的)字母系统
参考例句:
  • Many felt he was prostituting his talents by writing Hollywood scripts. 许多人觉得他给好莱坞写剧本是滥用自己的才华。
  • The scripts had a rather tired plot. 这部陈旧的剧本的情节是非常俗套的。
18 provided PkNzng     
conj.假如,若是;adj.预备好的,由...供给的
参考例句:
  • Provided it's fine we will have a pleasant holiday.如果天气良好,我们的假日将过得非常愉快。
  • I will come provided that it's not raining tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我就来。
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