异类之不一样的成功启示录 第7期:序言(7)

 　　"I remember going to Roseto for the first time, and you'd see three-generational family meals, all the bakeries,

　　“我记得第一次来到罗赛托的时候，看到祖孙三代一起用餐, 看到很多面包师；

　　the people walking up and down the street, sitting on their porches talking to each other,

　　在大街上，人们来来往往；有些人则坐在门廊上聊天，

　　the blouse mills where the women worked during the day while the men worked in the slate² quarries³." Bruhn said.

　　白天，穿着工装的妇女们在磨坊里忙碌，而男人们则在采石场忙碌着，”布鲁恩回忆说，

　　"It was magical."

　　“这真是奇妙极了。”

　　When Bruhn and Wolf first presented their findings to the medical community

　　你可以想象，当沃尔夫和布鲁恩把他们的发现，首次向医学界披露的时候，

　　you can imagine the kind of skepticism they faced.

　　会受到多少人的质疑。

　　They went to conferences,

　　在讨论会上，

　　where their peers were presenting long rows of data arrayed in complex charts and referring to this kind of gene¹ or that kind of physiological⁴ process,

　　他们没有像同行那样，引用一长串的数据和复杂的图表，去分析基因类型或者生理机能。

　　and they talked and said about mysterious and magical benefits of people stopping to talk to one another on the street

　　相反他们滔滔不绝的讲述人们在大街上唠家常，

　　and having three generations living under one room.

　　以及祖孙三代同住一个屋檐下的种种神秘而又奇妙的益处。

　　Living a long life, the conventional wisdom said at the time, depended to a great extent on who we were- that is, our genes⁵.

　　当时的传统观念认为，长寿的原因在于一个人自身——也就是说，取决于个人的基因。

　　异类107.jpg

　　It depended on the decisions people made,

　　一个人是否长寿也取决于个人的行为习惯

　　and what they chose to eat and how much they chose to exercise, and how effectively they were treated by the medical system.

　　我们的饮食、锻炼、我们的医疗条件。

　　No one was used to thinking about health in terms of community.

　　没有人想过健康还和社团这个概念相关。

　　Wolf and Bruhn had to convince the medical establishment to think about health and heart attacks in an entirely⁶ new way.

　　沃尔夫和布鲁恩试图说服相关医疗机构，使他们从一个全新的角度去思考健康和心脏病预防的相关问题：

　　They had to get them to realize that you couldn't understand why someone was healthy

　　他们必须让那些人明白，

　　if all you did was to think about an individual's choices or actions in isolation⁷.

　　如果仅从一个人的行为决策方面孤立地看待其健康问题，必将误入歧途。

　　You had to look beyond the individual.

　　他们看待问题的方式必须超越个体。

　　You had to understand the culture they were a part of,

　　他们必须明白，他或者她秉承的习惯，

　　and who their friends and families were,

　　其中很大部分来自于他们的亲朋好友,

　　and what town their families came from.

　　来自于其家庭生活的城镇。

　　You had to appreciate the idea that the values of the world we inhabit and the people we surrounded ourselves with

　　他们应该对那些能够认识到我们所生活的世界，

　　has a profound effect on who we are.

　　并对我们有着深刻影响的周围人群的价值观心存敬意。

　　In outliers, I want to do for our understanding of success,

　　就像沃尔夫帮助我们理解健康的根源一样，

　　what Stewart Wolf did for our understanding of health.

　　在《异类》中，我们也将一同理解什么是成功的根源。

1 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

2 slate   

n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订

参考例句：

• The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
• What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢？

3 quarries   

n.（采）石场( quarry的名词复数 )；猎物（指鸟，兽等）；方形石；（格窗等的）方形玻璃v.从采石场采得( quarry的第三人称单数 )；从（书本等中）努力发掘（资料等）；在采石场采石

参考例句：

• This window was filled with old painted glass in quarries. 这窗户是由旧日的彩色菱形玻璃装配的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They hewed out the stones for the building from nearby quarries. 他们从邻近的采石场开凿出石头供建造那栋房子用。 来自辞典例句

4 physiological   

adj.生理学的，生理学上的

参考例句：

• He bought a physiological book.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• Every individual has a physiological requirement for each nutrient.每个人对每种营养成分都有一种生理上的需要。

5 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

6 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

7 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。