英国新闻听力 霍金称外星人肯定存在

The Greek Finance Minister George Papaconstantinou, who's in Washington for talks with the IMF, says he's confident that agreement will be reached soon on giving Greece financial support to overcome its debt problems. Mr Papaconstantinou said speculators betting that Greece would default on its public debts would lose their money. He said there were solid plans in place to deal with his country's deficit¹.

"We have a framework, which is a three-year framework, with strong conditionality² criteria³ that will reassure⁴, first of all, the Greek citizens, that we'll put an end to the fiscal⁵ situation that the country has and that we inherited when we came to government six months ago. And we reassure European partners, international community and the financial markets."

With nearly all the votes counted from the parliamentary elections in Hungary, the centre-right party Fidesz has won a landslide⁶ victory. After a second round of voting on Sunday, Fidesz has a 2/3 majority in parliament. The Socialists⁸, who've governed Hungary for the last eight years, suffered a humiliating defeat. Nick Thorpe reports from Budapest.

On the day with a record-low turnout, only 43%, the Socialists won few consolations⁹. In the capital Budapest, formerly¹⁰ a Socialist⁷ and Liberal stronghold, Socialist candidates won just two constituencies. In Northeast Hungary, an independent candidate backed by the far-right narrowly defeated his Fidesz rival. Otherwise, it was a clean sweep for Fidesz. The 2/3 majority they will enjoy in the new parliament will give them a constitutional majority to push through major reforms.

Official results from the presidential election in Austria show that the incumbent¹¹ Heinz Fischer of the Social Democrats¹² has as expected been reelected for a second six-year term. The final count gave Mr Fischer almost 80% of the vote for what's a largely ceremonial post. A far-right candidate, Barbara Rosenkranz, got just over 15%.

Fierce fighting has been reported in Sudan near the border between Darfur and the autonomous¹³ south. A spokesman for an Arab tribe allied¹⁴ to the government in Khartoum said 55 of his men had died in fighting inside Darfur on Friday against soldiers of the former rebels who now control southern Sudan. On Sunday, the southern army said it had been attacked for a second time inside its own territory. James Copnall sent this report from Khartoum.

The former southern rebels, the SPLM, say they have been attacked again in Balbala, inside southern Sudan. A southern army spokesman said the second attack on Sunday afternoon had forced his troops to abandon their position. He said his men had previously¹⁵ fought off an attack by heavily armed men with mounted machine guns and mortars¹⁶ which he blamed on the northern army. A northern armed forces spokesman told the BBC his men hadn't been involved in any fighting.

The Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has reacted angrily to the broadcast of a cartoon by the Palestinian Islamist movement Hamas, warning of the fate of the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit. Mr Netanyahu called it a despicable action. The three-minute message shows Gilad Shalit being returned to Israel in a coffin¹⁷ and calls on Israeli leaders to exchange Palestinian prisoners for his release.

President of South Africa Jacob Zuma has revealed that he is HIV-negative. Although several world leaders have publicly taken HIV tests, this is believed to be the first time a serving president has revealed that he does not have the virus. From Johannesburg, Andrew Harding reports.

President Zuma said he was revealing his HIV status to promote openness and to eradicate¹⁸ the silence and stigma¹⁹ that accompanies the AIDS epidemic²⁰. He told a crowd at a hospital near Johannesburg that he'd now had four tests, all negative. Mr Zuma's sex life has been the focus of intense scrutiny²¹ and criticism in South Africa. He has three wives and has also admitted having unprotected sex with other women. But as his private life is controversial, his public stance on AIDS has been broadly welcomed here. His predecessor²² Thabo Mbeki questioned mainstream²³ AIDS science and delayed the provision of life-saving drugs.

The first flight by an Iraqi airline between Baghdad and London has taken off after a gap of nearly 20 years. The Iraqi Airways²⁴ service was supposed to resume last week, but was grounded by the volcanic²⁵ ash cloud over Europe. The flights to Britain will stop in Sweden for additional security checks. The return service is direct.

One of the world's leading scientists, the British astrophysicist Professor Stephen Hawking²⁶, says aliens almost certainly exist, but humans should avoid making contact with them. In a television series for the Discovery Channel, Professor Hawking said it was perfectly²⁷ rational to assume intelligent life exists elsewhere, but warned that aliens might simply raid Earth for resources, and then move on.

希腊财长乔治-帕帕康斯坦丁努(George Papaconstantinou)正在华盛顿与IMF进行会谈。他表示，他相信很快将达成协议，为希腊提供财政支持，解决债务问题。帕帕康斯坦丁努说，那些打赌认为希腊一定会拖欠公共债款的投机者一定会遭受损失。他说，政府已经出台了可靠计划应对赤字问题。

“我们已经制定了长达三年的框架，出台了强有力的制约性标准，首先向希腊公民保证，我们一定会终止目前的财政状况，而这种财政状况也是六个月前我们刚刚开始执政时从前任政府继承来的。我们将向欧洲，国际社会和金融市场做出保证。”

匈牙利议会选举几乎所有的选票已经统计完毕，中右翼政党青年民主党(Fidesz)获得了压倒性的胜利。周二第二轮投票过后，Fidesz在议会赢得了三分之二的大多数席位。而过去八年统治匈牙利的社会党则遭遇了尊严扫地的挫败。Nick Thorpe在布达佩斯报道。

当天出席投票的人数创下历史新低，出席率只有43%，社会党的支持率也非常低。在首都布达佩斯——这里原来是社会党和自由人士的堡垒，社会党候选人只赢得了两个选区的胜利。在匈牙利东北部，由极右翼支持的一名独立候选人以轻微优势战胜了青年民主党(Fidesz)对手。在其他地方则是Fidesz大获全胜。他们在新议会中赢得的三分之二的席位将使他们在推行重大改革方面享有合乎宪法规定的大多数权利。

奥地利总统选举官方结果显示，现任总统社会民主党费雪(Heinz Fischer)有望再次赢得下一个六年任期。最终投票显示费雪赢得了接近80%的投票。而极右翼候选人芭芭拉·罗森克兰兹(Barbara Rosenkranz)仅获得了15%的选票。

据报道，苏丹达尔富尔和南部自治区边境附近发生了激烈的冲突。与喀土穆政府结盟的一个阿拉伯部落发言人表示，周五，他们部落在达尔富尔地区与现在控制南苏丹的前叛军士兵发生冲突，造成己方55人死亡。周日，南方军队表示，在自己的领土范围内，他们遭遇了第二次袭击。James Copnall从喀土穆发回报道。

前南方叛军SPLM(苏丹人民解放运动)称，在南苏丹境内的Balbala，他们再次遭遇了袭击。南方军队一名发言人表示，周日下午他们遭受的袭击使他们不得不放弃自己的立场。他说，此前他们的军队曾经击退装备精良的武装力量机枪大炮袭击，他声称这是北方军队所为。北方军队一名发言人告诉BBC，他的军队从来没有卷入任何冲突。

巴勒斯坦伊斯兰运动哈马斯播放了一部动画，暗示被抓的以色列士兵Gilad Shalit的命运。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡表示出强烈愤慨。内塔尼亚胡称这是非常卑劣的行径。长达三分钟动画显示Gilad Shalit被装在棺材中运回以色列，要求以色列领袖释放巴勒斯坦囚犯来换取Gilad Shalit的获释。

南非总统祖玛披露他的HIV检测结果呈阴性。尽管已有多位世界领袖公开接受HIV检测，但是据称，在职总统披露没有感染HIV病毒还是首次。约翰内斯堡，Andrew Harding报道。

祖玛总统表示，他披露自己的HIV检测结果是为了促进公开性，消除伴随艾滋病患者的沉默和羞辱。他在约翰内斯堡附近一家医院告诉人们，他已经接受了四次HIV检测，所有的检测结果都是阴性的。祖码的私生活在南非一直处于严密监视和批评的焦点。他有三个妻子，同时承认在无保护措施的情况下与其他女子发生关系。但是尽管他的私生活一直充满争议，他公开表达自己对艾滋病的态度却受到广泛欢迎。他的前任姆贝基怀疑主流的艾滋病科学，推迟提出救助生命的药物。

经过接近20年的中断之后，伊拉克航空一架从巴格达飞往伦敦的航班起飞。伊拉克航空原本定于上周恢复服务，但是由于笼罩欧洲上空的火山灰层而受到延误。飞往英国的航班将在瑞典停留，接受安全检查。而返程则是直航。

世界主要的科学家之一，英国天体物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金教授表示，几乎可以确定外星人是存在的，但是人类应该避免与他们接触。在探索频道的一个系列节目中，霍金教授表示，推断其他地方存在智能生命是完全合理的。但是他警告称，外星人可能会袭击地球抢劫资源，然后进行移民。

1 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

2 conditionality   

n.受限制性，制约性

参考例句：

• We have the same value plus half the upside, with no conditionality. 我们获得了相同价值，外加一半的上行机会，而且没有条件限制。 来自互联网
• Gate conditionality does not mitigate the adverse effect of gate review criteria. 关卡制约性不会减少关卡评价标准的反作用。 来自互联网

3 criteria   

n.标准

参考例句：

• The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
• There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

4 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

5 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

6 landslide   

n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利

参考例句：

• Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
• An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。

7 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

8 socialists   

社会主义者( socialist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The socialists saw themselves as true heirs of the Enlightenment. 社会主义者认为自己是启蒙运动的真正继承者。
• The Socialists junked dogma when they came to office in 1982. 社会党人1982年上台执政后，就把其政治信条弃之不顾。

9 consolations   

n.安慰，慰问( consolation的名词复数 )；起安慰作用的人（或事物）

参考例句：

• Recent history had washed away the easy consolations and the old formulas. 现代的历史已经把轻松的安慰和陈旧的公式一扫而光。 来自辞典例句
• When my anxious thoughts multiply within me, Your consolations delight my soul. 诗94:19我心里多忧多疑、安慰我、使我欢乐。 来自互联网

10 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

11 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

12 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

14 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

15 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

16 mortars   

n.迫击炮( mortar的名词复数 )；砂浆；房产；研钵

参考例句：

• They could not move their heavy mortars over the swampy ground. 他们无法把重型迫击炮移过那片沼泽地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Where the hell are his mortars? 他有迫击炮吗？ 来自教父部分

17 coffin   

n.棺材，灵柩

参考例句：

• When one's coffin is covered,all discussion about him can be settled.盖棺论定。
• The coffin was placed in the grave.那口棺材已安放到坟墓里去了。

18 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

19 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

20 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

21 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

22 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

23 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

24 AIRWAYS   

航空公司

参考例句：

• The giant jets that increasingly dominate the world's airways. 越来越称雄于世界航线的巨型喷气机。
• At one point the company bought from Nippon Airways a 727 jet. 有一次公司从日本航空公司买了一架727型喷气机。

25 volcanic   

adj.火山的；象火山的；由火山引起的

参考例句：

• There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
• Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。

26 hawking   

利用鹰行猎

参考例句：

• He is hawking his goods everywhere. 他在到处兜售他的货物。
• We obtain the event horizon and the Hawking spectrumformula. 得到了黑洞的局部事件视界位置和Hawking温度以及Klein—Gordon粒子的Hawking辐射谱。

27 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。