【简明语法】7.9 省to 的动词不定式

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：
2） 使役动词 let, have, make：
3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。
　
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
　 I saw him dance.
　=He was seen to dance.
　 The boss made them work the whole night.
　=They were made to work the whole night.
4） would rather，had better：
5） Why… / why not…：
6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：
7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：　
　　 He is supposed (to be) nice.　他应该是个好人。

举例：
　　 He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
He wants to do nothing but go out.

比较：　 He wants to do nothing but go out.
　　　　 He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

典型例题
1) ---- I usually go there by train.　
　 ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?　
　　A. to try going　 B.　trying to go　 C.　to try and go　 D.　try going　　
　　答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。

2） Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works¹ hard.　
　 A. learn　 B. to learn　 C. learned²　 D. learning³
　 答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。

1 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

2 learned   

adj.有学问的，博学的；learn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
• In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里，他被视为有学问的人。

3 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。