人教全日制普通高中英语（必修）高二下18-20

[00:01.00]全日制普高英语(必修)高二(下)
[00:01.50]Senior English for China Student's Book 2B
[00:01.99]WORKBOOK Unit 18 INTEGRATING SKILLS READING INVENTIONS
[00:05.80]练习册 综合技能 阅读 发明
[00:10.41]Computers that use light instead of electricity,
[00:12.05]用光能而不是用电能的 计算机，
[00:13.69]"smart" clothes that can make phone calls and play music,
[00:15.52]能打电话又能演奏音乐 的"智能"衣服,
[00:17.35]house paints that change colour with the seasons,
[00:19.17]能随着季节变化而变色 的房屋
[00:20.98]e-paper and ads that speak to you - the list of amazing new inventions
[00:23.52]和你说话的电子纸和广 告--这一张令人惊奇的 新发明列表
[00:26.07]that seem to be just around the corner is long and inspiring.
[00:28.15](这些发明似乎不久就 能实现)---很长也很 鼓舞人心.
[00:30.23]How many of these new technologies will actually
[00:31.72]这些新技术中有多少 可以
[00:33.20]become reality remains to be seen,
[00:34.51]真正实现仍然不确定,
[00:35.83]but it is clear that the next fifty years will be exciting.
[00:37.70]但可以肯定的是接下来 的五十年会令人激动.
[00:39.57]Here is a look at some of the new ideas that may shape our future.
[00:42.27]这儿有些新主意可以 形成我们的未来.
[00:44.97]NOW YOU SEE IT, NOW YOU DON'T
[00:46.20]此刻你看到了 下一刻你又看不到了
[00:47.43]Researchers in Japan have invented a kind of paint that makes things invisible.
[00:49.81]日本的科学家们发明了 一种可以使物体隐形的 油漆.
[00:52.18]It may sound incredible,
[00:53.17]这听起来很荒唐,
[00:54.15]but the new paint reflects light in such a way that the human eye is fooled.
[00:56.65]但这种新油漆以一种可 以欺骗人类眼睛的方式 反射光.
[00:59.16]The technology behind the paint is fairly simple:
[01:00.63]油漆背后的技术是相当 简单的:
[01:02.09]instead of letting the light rays bounce back in the normal way,
[01:03.89]不是让光线以正常方式 反射回来,
[01:05.68]the paint sends the light back to the source.
[01:07.09]这种油漆把光本身送回 光的来源.
[01:08.50]It is as if a basketball backboard was made
[01:10.06]这就像篮球挡板的一样
[01:11.62]so that a ball thrown at an angle
[01:12.64]所以在一个角落投的球
[01:13.66]would bounce right back at the person throwing it.
[01:15.13]会刚好弹回投球人的 那个位置.
[01:16.60]The paint does not really make things disappear,
[01:18.06]这种油漆不是真的使物 体消失了,
[01:19.53]but by changing the way the light bounces
[01:20.74]而是通过改变光反射的 方式
[01:21.96]it does make it possible to "see through" objects.
[01:23.92]这就确实使物体看不见 成为可能.
[01:25.89]The technology has many potential uses.
[01:27.40]这种技术有许多潜在的 作用.
[01:28.90]The paint could be used to make interesting clothes
[01:30.06]这种漆可以用来做有 趣的衣服
[01:31.21]and to help doctors see through the skin of a patient
[01:32.94]帮助医生看穿病人的皮 肤
[01:34.68]and thus be able to work better.
[01:35.61]因此能够做得够好.
[01:36.54]It may also be used to hide things that we do not want others to see.
[01:39.68]它也可以用于隐藏我们 不想让其他人看到的 东西.
[01:42.82]DON'T TOUCH THAT KNIFE
[01:43.76]无需用刀
[01:44.71]Most of us probably hope that we will never have to face major surgery.
[01:47.08]我们大多数人可能都希 望我们不需要经历大手 术.
[01:49.46]Even though doctors are well-trained
[01:50.44]即使医生技术高超
[01:51.42]and modern technology makes it possible to save lives,
[01:53.16]现代技术使得抢救生命 成为可能
[01:54.90]many operations are still dangerous and painful.
[01:56.42]许多手术还是很冒险又 令人痛苦.
[01:57.94]Now, however, scientists believe
[01:59.31]然而,现在科学家们相 信
[02:00.68]that they might be able to help doctors to cure patient with less risk.
[02:02.61]他们也许能够帮助医生 治疗病人而又减少危险 性.
[02:04.54]A new and very small robot has been invented.
[02:06.20]已经发明了一种新的小 型机器人.
[02:07.86]This robot can enter the human body through a small hole
[02:10.00]这种机器人能够通过小 洞进入人体
[02:12.14]so that it is no longer necessary to cut the patient.
[02:13.63]这样就不再需要给病人 开刀了.
[02:15.11]Instead of using knives and other large tools,
[02:16.79]不再用手术刀和其它大 工具,
[02:18.46]doctors can use a computer to move the tiny robot around.
[02:20.72]医生可以用计算机来移 动小型的机器人.
[02:22.97]If the technology can be used on human beings,
[02:24.57]如果这项技术可以使用 在人类上,
[02:26.18]operations will be safer and less painful.
[02:28.13]手术就会变得更安全 而又不再那么痛苦.
[02:30.07]THAT WILL NEVER WORK, OR WILL IT ?
[02:31.98]永远不可能,还是有可 能的?
[02:33.89]The most exciting inventions are always the ones
[02:35.18]最令人兴奋的发明总是 那些
[02:36.47]that have not yet been made.
[02:37.26]没有实现的发明.
[02:38.06]The true challenge for any inventor is to dare to dream and believe
[02:40.41]对任何发明家来说真正 的挑战在于敢于幻想和 相信
[02:42.76]that what seems impossible today may one day become possible.
[02:44.96]今天看似不可能的事到 以后就变得可能了.
[02:47.16]Among the many inventions that are being discussed by some scientists
[02:49.07]有些科学家们正在讨论 的一些发明
[02:50.98]are several that may seem ridiculous to us.
[02:52.54]是那些对我们来说是很 荒唐的发明.
[02:54.10]For example, one scientist is trying to build a device
[02:56.09]例如,一个科学家正在 试图发明一种设备
[02:58.08]that will allow information to enter the human body.
[02:59.68]能让信息进入人体.
[03:01.28]In early experiments, the scientist was able to send sound into humans
[03:03.61]早期的实验中,这个科 学家成功地把声音传送 到人体
[03:05.94]and dolphins, with some success.
[03:07.10]和海豚里.
[03:08.26]He is now working on sending visual information to the brain,
[03:10.18]现在他正把图像信息传 送到人脑中
[03:12.11]so that blind people could be able to "see".
[03:13.75]那样盲人就能够 "看得到".
[03:15.39]The scientist believes that it may be possible to "learn"
[03:17.26]这个科学家相信这就 可能
[03:19.13]by sending information to the brain.
[03:20.33]通过把信息传送到人脑 中来"学习".
[03:21.53]Other inventors are trying to make something out of nothing.
[03:23.11]其他的发明家正试图从 虚无的东西中做出一些 东西来.
[03:24.69]One group of scientists think that it may be possible
[03:26.50]有一组科学家认为有可 能
[03:28.31]to make energy from space itself. According to their theories,
[03:30.32]从空间本身生产能量. 根据他们的理论,
[03:32.32]what we think of as empty space
[03:33.64]我们认为是空的空间
[03:34.95]does in fact contain energy in the form of movement.
[03:36.80]事实上包括了一些以 运动形式存在的能量.
[03:38.65]They describe space as true "perpetual motion",
[03:40.33]他们把空间描述成真正 的"永恒的运动",
[03:42.01]that is, movement that never stops.
[03:43.38]也就是说,永不停止的 运动.
[03:44.75]They claim that there are energy fields everywhere —
[03:46.21]他们声称每一个地方都 有能量区域--
[03:47.68]because of the laws of physics,there are always small move- ments everywhere.
[03:50.05]因为物理学定律的作用 每一个地方都有小运动
[03:52.42]For hundreds of years,
[03:53.27]几百年来
[03:54.12]people have tried to build machines that never stop,
[03:55.70]人们一直在试建永动机
[03:57.28]but the laws of physics show that it cannot be done.
[03:59.03]但物理学定律表明这是 不可能的.
[04:00.79]The "space motion", however, could turn out to be endless.
[04:03.16]然而,"空间运动"可以 证明是永无止境的.
[04:05.53]The scientists working on the programme believe
[04:06.67]致力于这个项目的科学 家相信
[04:07.81]that these fields of energy can be put to work.
[04:09.22]这些领域的能量能 够应用.
[04:10.63]If they are successful,
[04:11.44]如果他们成功的话,
[04:12.25]a new and cheap energy source will become available to us.
[04:14.18]我们就能获得一种新的 和廉价的能量.
[04:16.10]It should be said that most scientists think
[04:17.24]可以说,大多数科学家 们认为
[04:18.38]that these inventions will never work.
[04:19.50]这些发明将永不能用.
[04:20.62]Perhaps they are right, but we would do well to keep in mind
[04:22.54]可能他们是对的, 但是我们要尽力做好 来记住
[04:24.47]that many inventions that we now take for granted were greeted with doubt.
[04:26.62]许多我们现在认为理所 当然的发明会招到怀疑
[04:28.76]People laughed at Benjamin Franklin's early discoveries
[04:30.40]人们嘲笑本杰明.弗兰 克的早期发明
[04:32.03]and many other great scientists had to wait many years
[04:33.71]许多其他着名科学家 要等许多年
[04:35.39]before their ideas were accepted.
[04:36.43]才能他们的想法被 接受.
[04:37.47]It is also important to remember that new inventions
[04:39.34]记住新发明
[04:41.21]do not always work well in the beginning —
[04:42.46]一开始通常运作的不是 很好也是非常重要的--
[04:43.72]a good example is the first airplane, which only flew a very short distance.
[04:49.85]最好的例子就是第一 架飞机只飞了一小段 距离.
[04:55.99]Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice
[04:58.02]第十九单元 威尼斯商人
[05:00.06]READING THE MERCHANT OF VENICE (1)
[05:02.22]阅读 威尼斯商人 (1)
[05:04.38]D:Duke S:Shylock B:Bassanio P:Portia A:Antonio
[05:05.26]D:公爵 S:夏洛克 B:巴萨尼奥 P:鲍西娅 A:安东尼奥
[05:06.13]D:Shylock,the world thinks — and I think so too —
[05:07.96]D:夏洛克,全世界都认 为-且我也这么认为
[05:09.79]that you are playing a cruel game,
[05:10.86]你正在玩一场残忍的游 戏,
[05:11.92]but we all believe that you will give it up in the end.
[05:13.46]但我们都相信你最终将 会放弃的.
[05:15.00]Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Be reasonable.
[05:17.09]宽恕安东尼奥吧,夏洛 克.理智点吧.
[05:19.17]S: I've promised to take my pound of flesh.
[05:21.00]S:我说过一定要拿走我 应得的那一磅肉.
[05:22.83]If you won't let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness
[05:24.60]要是您不允许我得到它 那将是一种软弱的表现
[05:26.38]and no one will trust your laws any more.
[05:28.18]人们将不再相信你们的 法律了.
[05:29.97]The greatness of Venice will soon be lost.
[05:31.61]威尼斯不久就会丧失他 的伟大.
[05:33.25]Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.
[05:34.71]安东尼奥是我的敌人, 我恨他.
[05:36.18]B:Do all men kill the things they do not love?
[05:37.88]B:难道所有的人都要 铲除他们所不爱的东 西吗?
[05:39.57]A:It's useless trying to argue with Shylock.
[05:41.00]A:跟夏洛克讲道理是 没有用的.
[05:42.43]You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea.
[05:44.16]你倒不如站在海滩上和 大海争论.
[05:45.90]Don't wait any longer.
[05:46.71]别再等了.
[05:47.52]Pass judgement on me and give Shylock what he wants.
[05:49.58]对我宣判吧,把夏洛克 想要的东西给他.
[05:51.64]B: I'll pay you six thousand ducats
[05:52.78]B:我愿付你六千金币
[05:53.92]for the three thousand ducats that Antonio borrowed.
[05:55.50]以偿还安东尼奥所借的 那三千金币.
[05:57.08]S: If you offered me six times what you have just offered,
[05:58.72]S:即使你给我六倍 你刚才提出的钱数,
[06:00.36]I would still take my pound of flesh. Give me my pound of flesh!
[06:02.32]我仍然要我应得的那 镑肉.把那一镑肉给 我吧!
[06:04.29]D: Let us be calm, gentlemen. Shylock,
[06:05.68]D:先生们,请安静. 夏洛克,
[06:07.07]how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?
[06:08.94]如果你对别人一点儿都 不仁慈,又怎么能希望 自己得到仁慈?
[06:10.81]S: I have done nothing wrong and I fear no judgement.
[06:12.29]S:我并没有做错事,我 不怕任何审判.
[06:13.78]I desire my pound of flesh.(Enter Portia, dressed as the judge.)
[06:16.48]我想要我的那一磅肉 (鲍西娅一身法官 打扮走了进来.)
[06:19.18]D: Greetings,learned judge! I do not envy you your job.
[06:21.09]D:您好,博学的法官! 我并不羡慕您的职业.
[06:23.00]This is a most troublesome case. P: Greetings! Please be seated.
[06:25.65]这是一个最麻烦的案 子. P:您好！请坐下.
[06:28.29]Are you Antonio, and is this your agreement with Shylock?
[06:30.47]你叫安东尼奥, 这是你与夏洛克签订的 协议吗?
[06:32.64]What are you accused of?
[06:33.65]你被控告什么?
[06:34.65]A: Shylock does not accuse me of anything.
[06:36.15]A:夏洛克没有控告我 任何东西.
[06:37.66]My fate is a consequence of bad fortune.
[06:39.26]我的命运是坏运气的结 果.
[06:40.86]P: Then Shylock must be merciful. He must have mercy on Antonio.
[06:43.56]P:那么,夏洛克可得大 发慈悲才是. 他可得宽恕安东尼奥.
[06:46.26]S: Why must I have mercy on him? Tell me that!
[06:47.79]S:为什么我必须得宽恕 他？请告诉我!
[06:49.31]I've kept my side of the bargain and I expect him to keep his.
[06:51.33]我已经做到了交易中我 该做的,我希望他会履 行他该做的部分.
[06:53.36]P:Mercy brings good. Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth.
[06:56.67]P:慈悲带来益处,慈悲 就像甘露从天空降到 大地.
[06:59.99]It is twice blessed: It blesses those who give it, and those who receive it.
[07:03.25]它有双重的福佑,它不 但赐福施予的人,而且 赐福于受施的人.
[07:06.51]It's the highest of the highest. We should learn to show mercy to others.
[07:09.60]它是至高无上的 我们应该学会宽恕 他人.
[07:12.68]Do you still ask for this pound of flesh? S:I ask for my legal right.
[07:15.90]你还要求得到这一镑肉 吗? S:我要求得到我的合法 权益.
[07:19.12]B: I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed.
[07:21.59]B:我愿意出十倍于安东 尼奥的借款.
[07:24.06]Please change the law a little. To do a great right,
[07:26.20]请把法律稍为变更一下 吧.做一件大好事,
[07:28.34]do a little wrong and in that way we can save Antonio.
[07:30.29]犯点小错误这样才能救 安东尼奥.
[07:32.24]P:That's impossible, sir!We cannot change a law.
[07:34.26]P:那是不可能的,先生! 我们不能变更法律.
[07:36.29]If one law is changed, then people will later want to change other laws.
[07:39.13]如果我们变更了一条法 律,那们人们以后还会 要求变更别的法律.
[07:41.96]S:Oh,wise young judge!
[07:43.21]S:噢,多聪明年轻的 法官啊!
[07:44.46]P:Let me see this agreement, this promise of Antonio to you.
[07:46.89]P:让我看一看这个协议 就是安东尼奥向你许下 的诺言.
[07:49.32]S: Here it is. P: I see. According to the law,
[07:51.50]S:给您. P:我明白了.根据法律
[07:53.68]Shylock may have a pound of flesh to be cut off nearest to Antonio's heart.
[07:56.86]夏洛克可以得到一镑肉 由他从最靠近安东尼奥 心脏的部位割下来.
[08:00.04](to Shylock) Be merciful!
[08:00.72](对夏洛克) 慈悲一点吧!
[08:01.39]Take more than three times your money and let me tear up this paper.
[08:04.40]拿走三倍于你的钱 让我撕毁这张借约吧.
[08:07.41]S: I have sworn to heaven to have my pound of flesh. I must have it!
[08:09.79]S:我已经对天发誓要得 到我的那镑肉. 我必须得到它!
[08:12.16]P: It must be so. Antonio, get ready and offer up your breast.
[08:14.88]P:那只能这样了. 安东尼奥,准备好并且 露出你的前胸.
[08:17.60]And Shylock, take your knife and prepare to do the deed.
[08:19.68]夏洛克,拿起你的刀子 准备割肉吧.
[08:21.76]Have you brought something to weigh the flesh? A balance?
[08:23.81]你带来了称肉的东西了 吗？一个天平?
[08:25.85]S: Yes. I have everything ready here.
[08:27.47]S:是的.我准备好 了一切.
[08:29.09]P:Did you bring a surgeon, Shylock, to take care of Antonio's wounds
[08:31.52]P:夏洛克,你是否请了 医生来给安东尼奥处 理伤口
[08:33.95]and make sure that he doesn't bleed to death?
[08:35.46]并确保他不会因为流血 而死呢?
[08:36.96]S:That's not a requirement. There's nothing about that in the agreement.
[08:39.04]S:这没有要求. 协议上可没有这一条.
[08:41.12]P: Do you wish to say anything, Antonio?
[08:42.57]P:安东尼奥,你还想说 什么吗?
[08:44.02]A: Only a little. I am ready for it. Farewell Bassanio. Don't be sad for me.
[08:47.05]A:我只想说一点. 我已准备好了. 巴萨尼奥,永别了.不 要为我悲伤.
[08:50.07]Tell your wife about me and let her be the judge of my character.
[08:52.25]把我的情况告诉你的妻 子,让她来对我的人格 做出评判.
[08:54.43]If Shylock cuts deep enough, I'll pay him back with all my heart.
[08:56.76]如果夏洛克割得够深的 话,我就用整个心偿还 他的债了.
[08:59.10]B: Let me take you in my arms and say goodbye.
[09:00.83]B:让我拥抱你一下 说声再见吧.
[09:02.57]I love you more than my own life, more than my wife,
[09:04.77]我爱你胜过爱我自己的 生命,胜与爱自己的 妻子
[09:06.97]and more than all the world. (He cries.)
[09:07.95]甚至胜与整个世界. (他哭了.)
[09:08.93]P: Your wife would not be pleased to hear you say that.
[09:10.74]P:你的妻子听到你那么 说会不高兴的.
[09:12.56]S: We are wasting time. Learned judge, pass your judgement!
[09:14.88]S:我们是在浪费时间. 宣判吧,博学的法官!
[09:17.19]P: Take your pound of flesh!
[09:18.52]P:割走你要的那一镑 肉吧!
[09:19.85]I declare the court allows it and the law gives it to you.
[09:24.49]我宣布法庭许可你这样 做,法律也给了你这样 的权利.
[09:29.14]INTEGRATING SKILLS Reading THE MERCHANT OF VENICE (2)
[09:33.14]综合技巧 阅读 威尼斯商人 (2)
[09:37.13](Shylock advances towards Antonio and prepares to use his knife.)
[09:40.26](夏洛克走向安东尼奥 准备动他的刀子.)
[09:43.38]P:Wait! There is something else.
[09:44.74]P:且慢！还有件事.
[09:46.11]Antonio has promised to give you a pound of his flesh.
[09:48.45]安东尼奥许诺给你他身 上的一镑肉.
[09:50.78]But he has not promised to give you any of his blood.
[09:52.94]但他并没有答应给你他 身上的任何一滴血.
[09:55.10]If you let one drop of his blood fall,
[09:57.05]要是你让他身上的血流 下一滴,
[09:59.00]you will lose all your land and all your money.
[10:01.14]你将失去你所有的土地 和财产.
[10:03.28]S:Is that the law? P:That is the law.
[10:05.29]S:这是法律吗? P:这就是法律.
[10:07.29]You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted.
[10:09.97]你要求公正,那么就让 你得到公正吧,比你要 求的还要多.
[10:12.65]S:I will take the money.
[10:13.96]S:我愿意要钱.
[10:15.27]Give me three times more than Antonio borrowed from me.
[10:16.93]给我三倍于安东尼奥借 的钱吧.
[10:18.59]B:Here it is. (He cries full of happiness.)
[10:19.50]B:钱在这儿.(他满怀喜 悦地喊了出来.)
[10:20.40]P:Wait!Shylock would not take the money earlier.
[10:22.56]P:别忙！夏洛克先前已 经拒绝要钱了.
[10:24.72]All he wanted was justice. That is all he can have now.
[10:27.48]他所要求的只是公正. 这是他现在所能得到的 一切.
[10:30.24]You must cut off one pound of flesh, no more, no less.
[10:33.10]你必须割下一镑肉,不 准多也不准少.
[10:35.95]And not one drop of blood must fall.
[10:37.96]而且不准流一滴血.
[10:39.96](Shylock turns and starts to leave the court.)
[10:42.10](夏洛克转过身,要离 开法庭.)
[10:44.24]P:Wait, Shylock. The law of Venice says that if anyone tries to kill
[10:47.32]P:等一等,夏洛克. 威尼斯的法律规定任何 企图杀害
[10:50.41]or murder any citizen of Venice,
[10:51.74]或谋害任何威尼斯公民 的人
[10:53.07]everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.
[10:55.20]他的一切都要被收回.
[10:57.32]One half of his money and his goods shall be given to the city of Venice
[11:00.25]财产的一半必须归威尼 斯城市,
[11:03.18]and the other half shall be given to the person he has tried to kill.
[11:05.48]另一半必须给他企图杀 害的那个人.
[11:07.77]His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke.
[11:09.60]他的命应该由公爵处 置.
[11:11.43]Therefore, go down on your knees and beg the Duke for mercy.
[11:14.52]因此,你跪下乞求公爵 的宽恕吧.
[11:17.61]S:Good sir,I beg for mercy.Please forgive me for all I've said and done.
[11:20.13]S:仁慈的先生,我乞求 宽恕.请饶恕我所说过 的话和做过的事吧.
[11:22.66]D:Although you've not shown yourself worthy of our kindness,
[11:24.59]D:尽管你没有表现得值 得我们对你善良,
[11:26.52]you will see the difference of our spirit.
[11:27.75]你还是会看到我们灵魂 的不同之处.
[11:28.98]I shall not have you killed but as your punishment,
[11:30.79]我将不处死你,但是作 为对你的处罚,
[11:32.61]half of your money is now Antonio's.
[11:34.38]你的一半的财产现在是 安东尼奥的了.
[11:36.16]You must give the other half to the city of Venice.
[11:37.99]你必须把另一半交给威 尼斯城.
[11:39.82]S:Take my life too. My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself.
[11:42.54]S:把我的命也拿走吧. 我的钱财对我就生命一 样宝贵.
[11:45.26]They are my only comfort.
[11:46.13]它们是我唯一的安慰.
[11:47.00]When you take those away from me, you also take my life.
[11:49.18]你们没收了我的财物 也就是要了我的命.
[11:51.36]A:I shall be happy to give up my part of Shylock's money.
[11:52.94]A:我乐意放弃我应得的 夏洛克财产的那一半.
[11:54.52]Shylock must promise to leave the money upon his death
[11:56.51]夏洛克必须答应在他死 后把这笔财产留给他的
[11:58.49]to his daughter and her husband.
[11:59.61]女儿和女婿.
[12:00.73]S:I promise. Let me go home now. I am not well.
[12:05.61]S:我答应.现在让我回 家吧.我不舒服.
[12:10.49]WORKBOOK Unit 19 TALKING
[12:13.19]练习册 第十九单元 会话
[12:15.89]1 Read the following situation and act out the dialogue.
[12:19.09]1.阅读以下情景对话, 并表演对话.
[12:22.29]Before Bassanio and Portia got married,
[12:23.91]巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅结婚 之前,
[12:25.53]Portia gave him a ring and made him promise to keep it all his life.
[12:27.88]鲍西娅给他一个戒指, 让他许诺一生都保管好 它.
[12:30.23]Losing it, selling it or giving it away would be the end of her love for him.
[12:33.20]如果丢失,卖掉或把 它送人就说明他们爱情 的结束.
[12:36.17]After the court case between Antonio and Shylock,
[12:37.91]安东尼奥和夏洛克的案 子结束之后,
[12:39.65]Bassanio gives the lawyer this ring ...
[12:41.13]巴萨尼奥把那个戒指送 给律师......
[12:42.61]B:Sir, to thank you for your help,
[12:43.86]B:先生,为了谢谢你的 帮助,
[12:45.12]please take the 3000 ducats that Shylock must pay to Antonio.
[12:47.43]请收下这夏洛克要给安 东尼奥的3000金币吧.
[12:49.75]P:Oh no,I can't take that money. Shylock has learnt his lesson,
[12:52.55]P:噢,不！我不能收这 笔钱.夏洛克得到了应 有的处罚,
[12:55.34]and I am glad that I could help you and save Antonio. Goodbye.
[12:58.02]我很高兴我能帮你 救安东尼奥. 再见.
[13:00.70]B:But Sir, can't we give you something small by which you can remember us?
[13:03.05]B:但是先生,我们就不 能给点小东西你，让你 记得我们吗?
[13:05.41]P:Well,OK then,since you insist. Antonio, I will take your gloves and Bassanio,
[13:09.35]P:嗯,好吧.那么,如果 你坚持的话.安东尼奥, 我要你的手套,
[13:13.28]I will take this ring of yours. Don't draw back your hand.
[13:15.54]巴萨尼奥,我要你的戒 指.不要抽回你的手.
[13:17.79]B:But Sir, I can't give you this ring. It isn't of much value.
[13:20.20]B:但是,先生.我不能给 你这个戒指. 它不是很值钱.
[13:22.61]P:That doesn't matter.I like it,and it is the only thing I want from you.
[13:25.29]P:这不要紧.我喜欢它 我只要你这个.
[13:27.97]B:I'm sorry, I can't do that.
[13:29.18]B:对不起,我不能.
[13:30.40]I will give you the most expensive ring in Venice,
[13:31.79]我愿意给你威尼斯城最 贵的戒指,
[13:33.18]but not this one.It has a special value for me.
[13:35.24]但不是这个, 他对我有特殊的意义.
[13:37.31]P:I can see you make promises as easy as you break them.
[13:39.41]P:我看你许诺的时候就 像你毁约那般容易.
[13:41.51]B:Good Sir,this ring was given to me by my wife and she made me promise
[13:44.39]B:好先生,这是我太太 给我的戒指,她让我承 诺
[13:47.26]that I should neither sell nor give nor lose it.
[13:48.82]我既不能卖不能送人 也不能弄丢.
[13:50.38]P:That's a bad excuse. I've heard it many times.
[13:52.58]P:这真是一个坏借口. 我已经听过好多次了.
[13:54.78]If your wife knew how well I deserve it,
[13:56.34]如果你太太知道我是多 么应得这个戒指
[13:57.90]she would no long be angry with you for giving it to me. Farewell.
[14:00.45]她就不会因你把戒指给 我了而生气.再见.
[14:03.00]A:Bassanio, give him the ring.
[14:03.86]A:巴萨尼奥，给他戒 指吧.
[14:04.73]He deserves it, and for the sake of my love,
[14:06.12]他应得的,同时也是为 了表达我的爱,
[14:07.51]forget what promise you made to your wife.
[14:08.98]忘了对你太太的许 诺吧.
[14:10.44]B:All right, I will do it for you. Please, give it to him.
[14:15.03]B:好吧,我就为了你给 他吧.请把这个给他.
[14:19.62]INTEGRATING SKILLS SHAKESPEARE'S HEROINES
[14:22.67]综合技能 莎士比亚的主人公
[14:25.71]One of the most famous young women from Shakespeare's plays is Juliet,
[14:28.10]莎士比亚戏剧中最着 名的年轻女性之一是 朱丽叶,
[14:30.48]in Romeo and Juliet.
[14:31.45]她是《罗密欧与朱丽 叶》的女主角.
[14:32.42]A fight between their two families
[14:33.53]两个家族之间的争斗
[14:34.64]makes it impossible for Romeo and Juliet to get married.
[14:36.65]使得罗密欧与朱丽 叶不能结婚.
[14:38.67]However, they marry each other in secret.
[14:40.39]然而,他们秘密地结婚 了.
[14:42.11]The only way to be together is to move to another city.
[14:44.15]他们在一起的唯一办法 就是搬到另外一个城市 去.
[14:46.19]To do so, Juliet has a plan.
[14:47.55]为此,朱丽叶想出了 一个主意.
[14:48.90]First, she takes a drug that makes her appear to be dead.
[14:50.89]首先,她吃了一种可以 让她看上去跟死了一样 的药.
[14:52.88]When she wakes, a friend will help her escape from the tomb.
[14:54.85]当她醒来的时候,她的 一个朋友帮她从坟墓中 逃出来.
[14:56.82]Unfortunately, not only her family believe that she is dead,
[14:59.13]不幸的是,不仅她的家 人相信她已死,
[15:01.44]Romeo thinks so too. He is so sad that he kills himself.
[15:03.43]罗密欧也认为她死了. 他是如此的伤心于是 就自杀了.
[15:05.42]When Juliet wakes up and finds Romeo dead, she kills herself too.
[15:08.27]当朱丽叶醒来之后,她 发现罗密欧死了,她也 自杀了.
[15:11.13]At the beginning of the play Juliet is just a little girl.
[15:13.35]戏剧一开始朱丽叶只是 一个小女孩.
[15:15.56]Meeting with the handsome,intelligent and charming Romeo,
[15:17.67]遇见了英俊,聪慧,迷 人的罗密欧,
[15:19.79]she immediately falls in love with him.
[15:21.04]她一下子坠入了爱河.
[15:22.30]Neither Romeo nor Juliet is interested in
[15:23.75]罗密欧和朱丽叶都不
[15:25.20]any of the violence between their families.
[15:26.58]对他们家族的斗争感兴 趣.
[15:27.95]To them love is the most important thing.
[15:29.43]对他们来说爱情是最重 要的.
[15:30.90]Loving Romeo, Juliet grows up showing amazing courage.
[15:33.14]因为爱罗密欧,朱丽叶 长大后显出了惊人的 勇气.
[15:35.38]From being a girl guided by duty,
[15:36.73]从一个负有责任的女孩
[15:38.08]she becomes a loyal young woman of strength and self- determination.
[15:40.35]她变成了一个充满力量 又果断的忠诚的年轻 女孩.
[15:42.61]Portia, in The Merchant of Venice,
[15:44.18]《威尼斯商人》中的 鲍西娅
[15:45.76]is a woman quite different from Juliet.
[15:47.06]是一个与朱丽叶完全不 同的女性。
[15:48.36]While Juliet can be seen as a character of passion and imagination，
[15:50.92]朱丽叶可以被认为是一 个充满热情和幻想的人 物
[15:53.48]Portia stands out for her intelligence.
[15:54.79]鲍西娅以她的智力而 闻名.
[15:56.09]It is her sharp mind and debating skills that make Portia the heroine of the play.
[15:58.97]她的智慧和辩论技术 使她成为剧中的女主 角.
[16:01.84]Portia is intelli- gent, rich and beautiful.
[16:03.51]鲍西娅是一个聪明的 富有的和美丽的女孩.
[16:05.18]Handling the court case gives her the opportunity
[16:06.80]她处理的那个案子是一 个机会
[16:08.43]to show that she can be creative.
[16:09.29]说明她是富有创造力 的.
[16:10.15]Not only does she know the rules of the law very well,
[16:12.05]她不仅精通法律
[16:13.94]she can also apply them in new ways and play with the meaning of words.
[16:16.42]她也能够以新的方法应 用,玩词的把戏.
[16:18.91]Anybody can break the rules,
[16:19.96]谁都可以违反法律
[16:21.02]but few people have Portia's skills to make the law work for her.
[16:23.48]但很少人能有鲍西娅那 样的技巧使法律为她 服务.
[16:25.94]Although there are many more women in Shakespeare's plays
[16:27.58]尽管莎士比亚的戏剧中 有更多女性
[16:29.23]who deserve to be admired, there is one who should never be forgotten.
[16:31.30]值得倾慕,但有一个是 不应该被忘记的.
[16:33.37]She is not known for her passion, nor for her intelligence.
[16:35.41]她不是以她的热情,也 不是以她的智慧而出名
[16:37.45]Instead,she is known for the goodness of her heart,
[16:39.12]相反,她以她的善良而 闻名,
[16:40.79]her feelings of love and caring.
[16:42.17]以她富有爱心和同情心 而闻名.
[16:43.55]In King Lear, Cordelia is Lear's youngest and favourite daughter.
[16:46.15]在《李尔王》中， Cordelia是李尔王最小 最宠爱的女儿.
[16:48.76]Lear, the old king of Britain,
[16:50.04]李尔王,英国的老国王
[16:51.32]decides to divide his country among his three daughters.
[16:52.99]决定把他的国家分给三 个女儿.
[16:54.66]First, however, he puts them through a test,
[16:56.45]然而,首先,他给她们 做了一个测试,
[16:58.25]asking each to tell him how much she loves him.
[16:59.88]叫每一个人告诉他她有 多爱他.
[17:01.50]The two oldest daughters are dishonest.
[17:02.63]他的两个大女儿不诚实
[17:03.76]They use beautiful words to win their father's trust.
[17:05.34]她们用甜言蜜语去骗取 她们父亲的信任.
[17:06.91]But Cordelia remains silent, saying that she has no words to describe
[17:09.40]但Cordelia保持沉默, 说她没有什么词可以 描述
[17:11.88]how much she loves her father. This makes Lear very angry with her.
[17:14.16]她有多爱她父亲. 这使得她的父亲对她非 常生气.
[17:16.45]Only towards the end of the play does King Lear learn
[17:18.27]直到戏剧的最后,李尔 王才知道
[17:20.09]who is his truest daughter.
[17:21.00]谁是他最诚实的女儿.
[17:21.91]Being honest with her father has made her lose his love,
[17:24.05]诚实使她失去了他父亲 对她的爱,
[17:26.19]her part of the country and a lot of money,
[17:27.74]她应得的那部分国家和 许多钱财,
[17:29.29]but Cordelia does not care for all that.
[17:30.89]但Cordelia一点都不再 乎那些.
[17:32.49]She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her,
[17:34.78]尽管父亲对她很残忍她 仍然对父亲忠诚,
[17:37.06]and can even forgive him.
[17:38.00]甚至能原谅他.
[17:38.93]Her main character- istics are devotion, kindness and honesty.
[17:41.49]她主要的性格就是奉献 善良和诚实.
[17:44.04]Although Cordelia's role in the play is rather small,
[17:45.86]尽管Cordelia的角色在 剧中是非常小的,
[17:47.68]she shines as the heroine of goodness and wisdom,
[17:49.41]她以善良和智慧而成为 闪光的女主角,
[17:51.13]and has earned a place in the hearts of all readers of King Lear.
[17:56.47]她在《李尔王》读者的 心中赢得了一席之地.
[18:01.80]Unit 20 Archaeology SPEAKING
[18:04.53]第二十单元 考古学 说
[18:07.26]1 Work with your partner and practise the following dialogue.
[18:09.40]1.与你的同伴一起练习 下列对话.
[18:11.54]Student A talks about a topic he or she is interested in,
[18:13.61]学生A谈论他或她感兴 趣的话题,
[18:15.67]while Student B gives suggestions.
[18:17.15]学生B提出建议.
[18:18.62]A:I'd like to know more about life as it was two hundred years ago.
[18:21.03]A:我想了解更多关于两 百年前的生活.
[18:23.44]B:Well. You can read some books about that. Why?
[18:25.82]B:噢,你可以读一些关 于这方面的书.为什么?
[18:28.21]A:I wonder what life was like in small towns in our province.
[18:30.27]A:我想知道我们省的一 些小镇的生活是怎样的
[18:32.34]B:Hmm. You could visit a local museum and study what archaeologists found.
[18:35.90]B:嗯,你可以参观一个 当地的博物馆并研究一 下考古学家所发现的 东西.
[18:39.47]A:No, I'm not interested in broken pots and vases.
[18:41.73]A:不,我对那些破罐子 和破花瓶不感兴趣.
[18:44.00]I'd love to know what people talked about and how they really lived.
[18:46.22]我想要知道的是人们说 些什么以及他们的真实 生活是怎样的.
[18:48.43]B:That may be difficult to find out.
[18:49.91]B:那可能很难弄清楚.
[18:51.38]A:What I'd really like to find out is whether people
[18:52.71]A:我真正想要知道的是
[18:54.03]would sometimes want to go on a holiday, as we do. That sort of thing.
[18:57.77]当时的人们是否也像我 们一样有度假的愿望. 以及那类的事情.
[19:01.51]READING THE KINGS OF STONEHENGE
[19:03.33]阅读 巨石王
[19:05.15]On May 3, 2002, archaeologists in England
[19:07.46]2002年5月3日,英国的 考古学家
[19:09.77]found a grave of a man dating back to around 2300 BC.
[19:12.33]发现了一个人的墓穴 它可以追溯到大约公元 前2300年.
[19:14.89]When he died,the man was about 40 years old.
[19:16.54]此人死的时候,大约有 40岁.
[19:18.18]He was buried on his left side with his face to the north.
[19:20.10]他下葬的姿势是左侧着 地，脸朝北.
[19:22.02]The tests on his teeth show that he spent his youth in central Europe,
[19:24.23]对其牙齿的测试表明他 是在中欧度过青年时期 的
[19:26.45]perhaps Germany.
[19:27.28]可能是在德国.
[19:28.12]Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior.
[19:29.79]和他一起随葬的是打猎 者或武士的工具.
[19:31.46]Some of the objects found in the grave
[19:32.59]在陵墓中发现的一些东 西
[19:33.72]give us an idea of how he was dressed when he was buried.
[19:35.47]使我们知道此人下葬时 是怎样着装的.
[19:37.22]There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of
[19:38.57]墓葬中还发现有一根骨 针
[19:39.92]clothing such as a leather coat.
[19:41.11]可能是来自一件像 皮衣的衣物.
[19:42.29]He carried a copper knife on his breast.
[19:43.55]他的胸前佩有一把铜制 的刀.
[19:44.80]The most amazing find was two gold earrings.
[19:46.30]最令人惊奇的发现是两 个金耳环.
[19:47.79]That would have made him a man of distinction.
[19:49.01]这会使他在那个时代成 为显赫的人物.
[19:50.23]Only a few centimetres from his head were two pots made of clay,
[19:52.47]离他的头部仅几厘米的 地方有两个用黏土制成 的罐子,
[19:54.71]tools and materials to make arrows,
[19:56.15]用来造箭的工具以及 材料,
[19:57.59]a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second,smaller copper knife.
[20:00.33]有用来打猎的弓和十二 枝箭以及另一把铜制 的更小的刀.
[20:03.07]Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.
[20:05.65]在它们旁边放着一块垫 东西的石头,在那上面 可以锻造金属.
[20:08.23]Everything found in the man's grave was
[20:09.45]在这个人的墓穴中发现 的每一件东西
[20:10.66]probably given to him for his use in the next life.
[20:12.50]可能是给他下辈子使用 的.
[20:14.34]It was all that a person would need to survive —
[20:15.75]那是一个人赖以生存的 所有物品了--
[20:17.16]clothing, tools, weapons, pottery and spare materials to make new tools.
[20:20.59]衣服,工具,武器,陶器 和制作新工具的备 用材料.
[20:24.02]The discovery is important for a variety of reasons.
[20:25.87]基于各种原因，这个发 现很重要.
[20:27.72]His grave is the richest of any found from that period.
[20:29.70]此人的陵墓是那一时期 所发现的墓葬中最为 富有的.
[20:31.69]This was a time when the first metals were brought to Britain,
[20:33.47]这一时期正值金属首次 被带到英国,
[20:35.25]and this man was buried with two gold earrings
[20:36.98]而此人随葬的有两个 金耳环
[20:38.72]which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain (dated to 2470 BC).
[20:42.28]那是英国发现的最古老 的金子(可以追溯到公 元前2470年).
[20:45.84]He was important for another reason:
[20:47.09]此人至关重要的另一个 原因是:
[20:48.35]he was buried three miles from Stonehenge at the time
[20:50.19]当时他被下葬于离巨石 阵三英里的地方
[20:52.03]when the great stones were being brought to Salisbury to build it.
[20:54.03]此时巨石正被搬往索尔 斯伯里以做巨石阵建筑 之用.
[20:56.02]Archaeologists tend to believe that this man was a member of a powerful class
[20:58.55]考古学家倾向于认为此 人是权力阶级的成员
[21:01.08]that may well have organised the construction of Stonehenge.
[21:02.89]也许就是此人组织了巨 石阵的建造.
[21:04.70]For these reasons, this man has been called the King of Stonehenge.
[21:06.96]由于这些原因,此人一 直被称为巨石王.
[21:09.22]Stonehenge was begun around 3000 BC.
[21:10.90]巨石阵开始于大约公元 前3000年,
[21:12.58]In about 2300 BC the huge stone circles were built.
[21:15.10]在大约在公元前2300年 巨石圈被建成.
[21:17.62]The biggest stones weigh approximately 20 tons
[21:19.46]最大的石头重约20吨
[21:21.30]and came from a place not very far.
[21:22.66]来自并不太远的地方.
[21:24.02]But the smaller blue stones,
[21:25.01]但是小一点的蓝砂岩,
[21:26.00]still weighing four tons on average, came from west Wales.
[21:28.26]仍然平均重达4吨 来自于西威尔士.
[21:30.52]It is not yet known how these were conv- eyed over a distance of 380 kilometres.
[21:33.75]人们至今都不知道这些 石头是怎样从380公里 之遥的地方运抵此处的
[21:36.98]It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge
[21:39.48]早期人如何能够建造出 巨石阵这也仍是待解之 谜
[21:41.98]without the use of modern construction machines and lorries.
[21:43.95]当时没有现代的建筑机 器或卡车.
[21:45.91]It is possible that the king of Stonehenge was linked to the stones:
[21:48.43]很可能巨石王和这些石 头有关:
[21:50.95]he may have had a hand in planning the monument,
[21:52.38]他可能参与策划建立这 个纪念碑,
[21:53.81]or helping transport and pull up the stones.
[21:55.56]或者帮助运输和竖起巨 石.
[21:57.30]Perhaps the most important fact about the King of Stonehenge
[21:59.36]也许关于巨石王最重要 的事实是
[22:01.42]is that his homeland was somewhere in Central Europe.
[22:02.93]他的家园是在中欧的某 个地方.
[22:04.43]He is an example of people who brought culture
[22:06.02]他是那些把文化
[22:07.61]and new techniques from the European mainland to Britain.
[22:09.35]和新技术从欧洲大陆带 到英国的人们的一个 例证.
[22:11.10]In terms of technical development,
[22:12.18]就技术发展而言,
[22:13.27]people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age.
[22:14.99]人们正从石器时代过渡 到青铜时代.
[22:16.72]In the Stone Age most tools were made of stone.
[22:18.36]在石器时代,大多数工 具是由石头制造的.
[22:20.00]In the Bronze Age, people could make tools of copper and bronze,but not iron.
[22:22.65]在青铜器时代,人们能 够制造出铜和青铜工 具,但是不能制造铁器.
[22:25.29]Iron came later, in what was called the Iron Age.
[22:27.37]铁来得迟些,是在所谓 的铁器时代.
[22:29.45]At first it was thought that the skills to make copper
[22:30.99]起初人们认为制造铜器
[22:32.53]and bronze objects spread to Britain was through war and armed conflict,
[22:34.98]和青铜器的技术是通过 战争或武力冲突传入英 国的,
[22:37.44]but it is now believed to have happened through trade
[22:38.97]但是现在人们认为那是 通过贸易
[22:40.51]and cultural links.
[22:41.29]和文化交流传入的.
[22:42.06]The King of Stonehenge came with the skills to make metal,
[22:43.94]随巨石王而来的是锻造 金属的技术
[22:45.82]and that would have given him a high status in the eyes of local people.
[22:48.01]这使他在当时的当地人 眼中具有很高的地位.
[22:50.21]Some of the artefacts in his grave came from remote places.
[22:52.03]他的陵墓中的一些工艺 品来自遥远的地区.
[22:53.85]It has been proved that the copper knives came from places
[22:55.78]人们已经证明了铜刀来 自于
[22:57.72]as distant as Spain and western France. The gold jewellery came from Europe too.
[23:02.72]远至西班牙和法国西部 的地区.金首饰也来自 欧洲.
[23:07.73]INTEGRATING SKILLS Reading ROOTS OF CHINESE CULTURE
[23:10.70]综合技能 阅读 中国文化的渊源
[23:13.67]Jinsha Village near Chengdu,in southwest Sichuan province,
[23:15.93]靠近四川西南部成都附 近的金沙村
[23:18.19]became famous all over China in 2001.
[23:20.38]在2001年变得全国 闻名.
[23:22.58]Construction workers from a local company were building roads there.
[23:24.90]当地一家公司的建筑工 人正在那儿修路.
[23:27.22]On February 8,they found ivory and jade in the mud.
[23:29.52]二月八日，他们在泥土 中发现了象牙和玉.
[23:31.82]Soon, the police arrived and closed the site.
[23:33.99]很快,警察赶来了 并且封闭了这个地区.
[23:36.16]Since then, archaeologists have found more than a thousand artefacts,
[23:38.82]从那时起,考古学家发 现了一千多件文物,
[23:41.47]including gold,jade,
[23:42.59]包括金，玉
[23:43.71]bronze and stone objects as well as a large quantity of ivory
[23:46.73]青铜器和石器 以及大量的象牙
[23:49.75]that must have come from at least 500 elephants.
[23:52.06]这些象牙可能来自于至 少500头大象.
[23:54.37]The ivory and animal bones that were found will serve as important materials
[23:57.01]这些被发现的象牙和动 物骨骼将是重要资料
[23:59.64]for the study of local geography,
[24:00.86]研究当地古代地理
[24:02.09]climate and the environment in ancient times.
[24:03.93]古代的气候和环境.
[24:05.77]Many of the relics look very much like those found at Sanxingdui.
[24:08.52]其中许多遗址与三星 堆遗址中发现的看起来 十分相象.
[24:11.27]For example, a gold mask and a bronze statue of a man
[24:13.58]例如,一个金面具和一 个青铜人物雕像
[24:15.89]remind visitors of the bronze masks and big bronze statues at Sanxingdui
[24:19.16]使参观者想起三星堆 的青铜面具和大青铜雕 像,
[24:22.43]because of their similar style.
[24:23.38]因为它们有相似的 风格.
[24:24.33]Among the many jade objects found at Jinsha,
[24:26.32]在金沙发现的许多玉器 中,
[24:28.30]one piece, called a cong by ancient Chinese, was not made in Sichuan.
[24:31.36]有一件古汉语叫"琮" 的玉器,不是在四川制 作的.
[24:34.41]It was transported there from the lower area of the Yangtze River.
[24:37.02]它是从长江下游运到那 儿的.
[24:39.63]Other relics dis- covered at Jinsha made archaeologists believe
[24:41.72]在金沙发现的其它的文 物使考古学家相信
[24:43.82]that Sichuan not only had trade links with the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys,
[24:46.78]四川不仅与长江和黄河 谷地
[24:49.75]Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, but also with northern Vietnam.
[24:52.39]云南和贵州省,而且还 和越南北部有贸易 联系.
[24:55.02]Before the discoveries,
[24:55.88]在这些发现之前,
[24:56.74]it was believed that Sichuan only had a history of about 2300 years.
[25:00.03]人们认为四川只有2300 年的历史.
[25:03.32]Now, archaeologists think that the Jin- sha Ruins may have been the political
[25:06.41]现在,考古学家认为金 废墟可能一直是古代蜀 国的政治
[25:09.51]and cultural centre of the ancient Shu Kingdom,
[25:11.59]文化中心
[25:13.67]which moved from Sanxingdui to Chengdu about 3,000 years ago.
[25:16.41]该中心是在3000年前从 三星堆搬到成都的.
[25:19.15]Sanxingdui was first discovered by farmers.
[25:21.01]三星堆首先被农民 发现的.
[25:22.87]In the spring of 1929, a farmer in today's Nanxing Town,
[25:25.53]1929年春天,在现在的 南兴镇的一位农民
[25:28.18]was working in the fields, when his son dug up a round piece of jade.
[25:31.33]当时正在田里劳作,这 时他的儿子挖到了一个 圆的玉器.
[25:34.47]They found a hole filled with more than 400 jade objects.
[25:37.05]他们发现了一个内有 4000多件玉器的洞.
[25:39.64]Local teachers and officials came to his home,
[25:41.50]当地的老师和官员来到 他家,
[25:43.36]but none of them could say in which dynasty the jade objects were made.
[25:46.07]但他们中没有一个能说 出这些玉器制于哪个朝 代.
[25:48.78]In 1953, Yan Kaizong accompanied his grandfather
[25:51.62]1953年,燕开宗陪同他 爷爷的一起
[25:54.46]when he gave the relics from the ruins to the state.
[25:56.26]把废墟中发掘出的文物 交给了国家.
[25:58.07]It was four o'clock in the afternoon
[25:59.51]下午四点
[26:00.96]when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan,
[26:03.24]他和他的爷爷到达广 汉博物馆,
[26:05.52]where an official warmly received them.
[26:07.17]那儿一个官员热情地接 待了他们.
[26:08.83]"My grandpa told us not to keep things that don't belong to us.
[26:11.25]"我爷爷告诉我们不能 保存不属于我们的东 西.
[26:13.67]I believe what he said." said Yan Kaizong.
[26:15.48]我相信他的话." 燕开宗说.
[26:17.28]Since 1929,more than 10,000 relics dating back to
[26:19.58]自从1929年以来,一万 多件可以追溯到
[26:21.87]between 5000 BC and 3000 BC have been discovered.
[26:24.59]公元前5000年和公元前 3000年之间的文物已经 被发现了.
[26:27.32]The Sanxingdui Ruins Site covers a vast area of about 12 square kilometres.
[26:30.64]三星堆废墟区覆盖面积 约12平方公里的广阔区 域.
[26:33.97]From March to August 1986,
[26:35.30]从1986年3月8日,
[26:36.64]archaeologists of the History Department of Sichuan University,
[26:38.92]四川大学历史系的考古 学家
[26:41.20]Sichuan Archaeological Research Institute
[26:42.84]四川考古研究院
[26:44.48]and the city of Guanghan dug 53 holes.
[26:46.41]以及广汉市挖了53个 洞.
[26:48.34]When the work was finished, over 1,200 pieces,
[26:50.62]当这项工作完成的时候 超过1200件文物
[26:52.90]including bronze and gold masks, bronze objects and images,
[26:55.60]包括青铜面具和金面具 青铜器和塑像
[26:58.30]jade and ivory had been found.
[26:59.51]玉器和象牙已被发现.
[27:00.72]Archeologists will continue their work,
[27:02.04]考古学家将继续他 们的工作,
[27:03.36]digging at the Sanxingdui Ruins from 2003 until 2010.
[27:06.59]从2003年到2010年继续 在三星废墟进行挖掘.
[27:09.81]They hope to discover some of the mysterious palaces,
[27:11.63]他们希望发现一些秘密 的宫殿
[27:13.45]tombs of kings and bronze and jade workshops.
[27:17.16]君王的陵墓和青铜作坊 或玉作坊.
[27:20.87]Workbook Unit 20 INTEGRATING SKILLS Reading
[27:24.37]练习册 第20单元 综合技能 阅读
[27:27.87]THREATS TO OUR NATIONAL TREASURES
[27:29.23]民族财富的威胁
[27:30.60]J:journalist X: Prof Xu
[27:31.06]J:记者 X:许教授
[27:31.52]J:People have always had interest in the past.
[27:33.46]J:人们对过去的事情总 是很感兴趣.
[27:35.39]Professor Xu,
[27:36.17]许教授,
[27:36.95]what are the most important dangers to our archaeological treasures?
[27:39.21]对我们考古宝藏来说 最大的威胁是什么?
[27:41.48]X:They get damaged or lost. It's a matter of education.
[27:43.85]X:他们被破坏或丢失了 这是一个教育问题.
[27:46.23]People fail to take the right steps when something is found.
[27:48.15]当人们发现古物时,他 们不知道正确的做法是 什么.
[27:50.07]Fortunately,
[27:50.44]幸运地是,
[27:50.82]the government has helped spreading the basic knowledge among the population
[27:53.20]政府已经向大众传播基 本知识
[27:55.58]telling what is to be done when an archaeological find is made.
[27:57.47]告诉他们当发现古物时 怎么做.
[27:59.36]J:What does that knowledge consist of?
[28:00.50]J:这些知识由哪些东西 组成?
[28:01.64]X:Well,when some- thing is found,
[28:02.96]X:嗯,当发现古董时,
[28:04.28]construction work must be stopped and the police should be told about the find.
[28:06.86]建筑施工工程必须停止 并把发现报告给警察.
[28:09.45]That is to make sure that no further damage will be done.
[28:11.39]那是确保不造成进一步 的破坏.
[28:13.34]J:Does it still happen that people do not report things they find?
[28:15.48]J:人们不报告发现古董 的事是不是仍然有?
[28:17.62]X:Yes, indeed. They doubt whether it is necessary to do so.
[28:20.32]X:是的,的确. 他们犹豫是否有必要这 么做.
[28:23.02]It sometimes happens that a find is not very valuable.
[28:24.95]有时发现的东西不是很 有价值.
[28:26.88]They are afraid that they would make scientists come for nothing.
[28:28.94]他们担心科学家来了却 毫无收获.
[28:31.00]J:Are there other reasons why people don't report their finds?
[28:32.68]J:还有人们不报告的理 由吗?
[28:34.36]X:Oh yes. People are afraid that archaeologists
[28:36.07]X:噢,是的.他们担心考 古学家们
[28:37.78]may take a real interest in the site
[28:38.85]如果真的对遗址感兴 趣的话,
[28:39.92]and spend many weeks or months digging around at it.
[28:41.90]他们就会在附近 挖几个星期或几个月.
[28:43.87]That would result in farmers missing the right opportunity to plant crops
[28:46.25]那就会使得农民错过种 植庄稼的农时
[28:48.63]or construction work to be stopped for a long time.
[28:50.20]或者建筑施工就要停一 段很长的时间.
[28:51.77]They don't realise that they should not weigh their own business
[28:54.02]他们没意识到不应该只 顾自己的商业
[28:56.27]interest against our national history.
[28:57.29]利益而损害国家历史 的利益.
[28:58.30]J:If it is so important to dig things up and collect them,
[29:00.39]J:如果挖掘和收集古董 真的那么重要,
[29:02.47]then why are archaeologists worried that other people dig up artefacts
[29:04.77]那么为什么考古学家担 心人们在挖了古董后
[29:07.06]and give them to museums
[29:08.22]把它们给博物馆
[29:09.37]or add them to their own private archaeological collections?
[29:11.58]或把它们作为私人古物 珍藏?
[29:13.79]X:Archaeology is a professional discipline.
[29:15.28]X:考古学是一个专业 学科.
[29:16.77]Years of training and experience are needed.
[29:18.24]需要几年的培训和实践 经验.
[29:19.71]It is not just about finding things and digging them up.
[29:21.27]它不仅仅是发现和挖掘 东西.
[29:22.83]The field work must be done very carefully.
[29:24.59]这个领域的工作必须要 仔细.
[29:26.36]Of every find there needs to be a written record,
[29:28.16]每一个发现都需要作记 录,
[29:29.97]to which a photograph must be added.
[29:31.18]还必须加进照片.
[29:32.39]The records must also state exactly what was found,
[29:34.27]记录还必须准确地记录 发现了什么,
[29:36.15]where it was found and when.
[29:37.49]发现的时间和地点.
[29:38.84]The outdoor work is followed by work in the lab, cleaning,
[29:41.07]户外工作完成后接下来 就是实验室的工作,清 洁古董
[29:43.29]restoring and identifying each artefact.
[29:44.74]修复并鉴别每一个 古董.
[29:46.18]Finally, when all is done,
[29:47.28]最后,当这些都做好了 之后,
[29:48.38]an analysis must be written and published in a magazine or a book.
[29:50.38]就要写一篇分析发表在 杂志或书本上.
[29:52.38]J:Are there any other dangers, natural disasters perhaps?
[29:54.62]J:还有其他危险, 比如天灾吗?
[29:56.86]X:Unfortunately there are treasure hunters:
[29:58.63]X:不幸的是有盗宝者:
[30:00.39]people who search for valuable objects, especially jewellery and gold.
[30:02.70]这些人寻找有价值的物 品,尤其是珠宝和黄金.
[30:05.01]They are the worst. History does not need to fear nature very much.
[30:07.55]他们是最坏的. 历史没必要害怕自然.
[30:10.10]What has been buried has often been buried well.
[30:12.00]被埋葬的东西经常 是埋葬得很好.
[30:13.90]It is often human digging that causes the loss of valuable materials.
[30:16.57]通常是人类的挖掘使得 有价值的东西不见了.
[30:19.24]It may seem a contradiction, but leaving things
[30:20.74]这看起来很矛盾, 但把东西
[30:22.25]as they are would often be the best way of keeping things
[30:23.88]随原来的方式放着是 最好的古董保存的方 法
[30:25.50]for the generations to come.
[30:27.00]在接下来的几个世纪 都不会变.