2021年经济学人 非洲报章杂志蓬勃发展--多元与独立(2)

New online outlets¹ experiment with podcasts and video and embrace social media.

新的在线媒体尝试播客和视频，并且拥抱社交媒体。

Some of the best-known — such as the analysis site Africa is a Country, or the literary one Brittle² Paper — began as personal blogs.

其中最著名的一些媒体——如分析网站“非洲是一个国家”，或文学网站“脆纸”——都是从个人博客起家的。

They generally reject both the staid habits of mainstream³ African papers and the narrow preoccupations of much Western writing about the continent.

他们通常既反感非洲主流报纸古板保守的习惯，也排斥许多西方媒体对非洲大陆狭隘的成见。

Many are more cultural than political, but most lean left.

许多人更关注文化而非政治，但大多数人是左倾的。

The outlook is typically pan-African, finding both solidarity⁴ and difference with activists⁵ elsewhere.

态度是典型的泛非洲，与其他地方的活动人士既有团结，也有分歧。

Through a series of essays on “the Black Atlantic”, Mr Lawal hopes to “change the perspective on blackness around the world”.

通过一系列关于“黑大西洋”的文章，拉瓦尔希望“改变人们对世界各地黑人的看法”。

The focus, he thinks, tends to be narrowly American.

他认为，问题的焦点往往是狭隘的美国人。

These outlets also emphasise⁶ the universal interests of African writing.

这些表达途径也强调了非洲写作的普遍兴趣。

Jennifer Malec, editor of the Johannesburg Review of Books, says it aims “to give a voice to African writers to comment on significant literary works from around the world”.

《约翰内斯堡书评》编辑詹妮弗·马雷克表示，该杂志旨在“让非洲作家能够对世界各地的重要文学作品发表评论”。

Its latest edition discusses both Manyano, a women’s prayer movement in South Africa, and the influence of Charles Dickens.

它的最新一期讨论了南非妇女祈祷运动Manyano和查尔斯·狄更斯的影响。

Bakwa, a literary magazine from Cameroon, has collaborated⁷ with a journal in Mexico and ran a series of essays about travelling as an African, with contributions from across the continent.

喀麦隆文学杂志《Bakwa》与墨西哥一家杂志合作，发表了一系列关于非洲人旅行的文章，撰稿来自整个非洲大陆。

“If we didn’t live in the internet era I don’t think we would ever have started Bakwa,” says Dzekashu MacViban, its founder⁸.

“如果我们不是生活在互联网时代，我想我们永远也不会创建《Bakwa》，”其创始人杰卡苏·麦克维班表示。

Although funding is a perennial⁹ challenge for small magazines, the internet makes it cheaper to reach a scattered¹⁰ readership.

尽管资金对小型杂志来说是一个长期的挑战，但互联网使接触分散的读者变得更便宜。

Increasingly, says Bwesigye bwa Mwesigire, founder of the Arts Managers and Literary Activists Network in Kampala, African intellectuals are building the platforms that make cultural commentary possible.

坎帕拉艺术管理者和文学活动家网络的创始人布韦西格耶·布瓦·姆韦西格尔说，非洲知识分子正在建立越来越多的平台，使文化评论成为可能。

“It’s not just that people are interested in writing, now they are also interested in being the ones publishing.”

“人们不仅对写作感兴趣，现在他们也对出版感兴趣。”

That spirit is beginning to extend from Africa’s megacities into quieter places.

这种精神正开始从非洲的大城市延伸到更安静的地方。

In 2019 Rémy Ngamije co-founded Doek!, a Namibian literary magazine.

2019年雷米·恩伽米杰联合创立了纳米比亚文学杂志《Doek!》。

Contemporary Namibian writers are, he says, exploring the legacies¹¹ of colonialism and “the unspoken losses of the liberation struggle” against white-ruled South Africa.

他说，当代纳米比亚作家正在探索殖民主义的遗产，以及在与白人统治的南非进行“解放斗争中的不言而喻的损失”。

“We’re basically doing the grassroots work of starting a literary tradition.”

“我们基本上是在做开创一种文学传统的基层工作。”

1 outlets   

n.出口( outlet的名词复数 )；经销店；插座；廉价经销店

参考例句：

• The dumping of foreign cotton blocked outlets for locally grown cotton. 外国棉花的倾销阻滞了当地生产的棉花的销路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They must find outlets for their products. 他们必须为自己的产品寻找出路。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 brittle   

adj.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音)尖利的

参考例句：

• The pond was covered in a brittle layer of ice.池塘覆盖了一层易碎的冰。
• She gave a brittle laugh.她冷淡地笑了笑。

3 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

4 solidarity   

n.团结；休戚相关

参考例句：

• They must preserve their solidarity.他们必须维护他们的团结。
• The solidarity among China's various nationalities is as firm as a rock.中国各族人民之间的团结坚如磐石。

5 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 emphasise   

vt.加强...的语气，强调，着重

参考例句：

• What special feature do you think I should emphasise? 你认为我该强调什么呢？
• The exercises heavily emphasise the required readings.练习非常强调必须的阅读。

7 collaborated   

合作( collaborate的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾结叛国

参考例句：

• We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
• We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。

8 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

9 perennial   

adj.终年的；长久的

参考例句：

• I wonder at her perennial youthfulness.我对她青春常驻感到惊讶。
• There's a perennial shortage of teachers with science qualifications.有理科教学资格的老师一直都很短缺。

10 scattered   

adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的

参考例句：

• Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来，塞进文件夹里。

11 legacies   

n.遗产( legacy的名词复数 )；遗留之物；遗留问题；后遗症

参考例句：

• Books are the legacies that a great genius leaves to mankind. 书是伟大的天才留给人类的精神财富。 来自辞典例句
• General legacies are subject to the same principles as demonstrative legacies. 一般的遗赠要与指定数目的遗赠遵循同样的原则。 来自辞典例句