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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
07 Assigning Blame in a Car Accident
shaken up – disoriented, shocked, scared, and confused by something that hashappened, and not knowing what to do next
* After the company president’s surprising announcement, everyone was shakenup.
totaled – completely destroyed, often in an accident* Phila’s boat was totaled by the force of the hurricane.
insurance – a program that one pays a small amount of money to each monthso that if something bad happens, that company pays a large amount of moneyto help fix the damages, most often used for homes, cars, and health
* Asami bought life insurance, so now he knows his family will have enoughmoney to live comfortably even if he dies.
to put in a claim – to submit official paperwork to request a payment
* After returning from a business trip, employees should put in a claim forreimbursement of their hotel expenses and meals within 30 days.
accident – an event where one vehicle crashes into another vehicle or building,or falls off the road, causing damage, injuries and/or death
* What percentage of all accidents is caused by drivers who were talking on theircell phone?
fault – having responsibility for something bad that happened, usually becauseone did something carelessly or without thinking about the consequences
* It’s Atsushi’s fault that we’re staying at such a bad hotel. He did the researchand made the reservation.
to crash into – to hit someone or something while moving at a high speed
* Ivo fell asleep while driving and crashed into a telephone pole.
to rear2 end – to hit the back of another car, usually because one didn’t stopquickly enough, often when that other car was not moving
* This morning, Hisashi got rear ended while waiting for a red light to turn green.
to swerve3 – to turn sharply4 (quickly) and suddenly, usually to avoid hittingsomething else
* Bicyclists often swerve to avoid riding over broken glass in the road.
to slam on the brakes – to stop a car very abruptly5 and suddenly by stepping onthe brake pedal6 with a lot of strength and speed
* Jiro slammed on the brakes when he saw small children playing ball in themiddle of the street.
to change lanes – to move from one parallel section of the road to anotherparallel section where cars are traveling in the same direction
* Be sure to use your turn signal to change lanes on the freeway.
to tailgate – to follow very closely behind another car, especially when followingthat closely is dangerous, often because one is impatient and wants that otherdriver to drive more quickly
* If someone is tailgating you, the safest thing you can do is let the other car passyou.
to blame – to say that someone is the reason why something bad happened; tosay that someone is responsible for an accident or for some negativeconsequence
* Belay blames his father for his parents’ divorce.
account – one person’s story; the way one person perceives and describessomething that has happened
* Isn’t it interesting how different history books can have entirely7 differentaccounts of certain historical events, depending on where and when they werewritten?
to jibe8 – to match; to present the same information as something else
* The police are interviewing the suspects separately to see whether their storiesjibe.
respective – with each one belonging to the person or thing listed earlier in thesentence
* At the end of the school day, the children go to their respective homes.
to battle it out – to argue or fight over something, usually for a long period oftime, with each person or group trying to win
* The divorce lawyers spent months battling it out while the wife and husbandbarely saw each other.
to own up to (one’s) mistakes – to say that one has done something wrong,especially when it is difficult or embarrassing to say that
* It takes a brave person to own up to her mistakes. Even though I’m mad aboutwhat Chelsea did, I’m proud of the way she told us about it.
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COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
1. What does Tarik mean when he says, “Good thing…it wasn’t totaled”?
a) He’s glad his car wasn’t destroyed.
b) He’s glad no one was hurt.
c) He’s glad the cars are damaged equally.
2. According to Stacey, what caused the accident?
a) Tarik braked too quickly.
b) Tarik turned very abruptly.
c) Tarik was following too closely behind her.
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WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?
totaled
The word “totaled,” in this podcast, means completely destroyed, often in anaccident, and is usually used to talk about cars: “Even though the car wastotaled, the driver walked way without an injury.” The word “totaled” also meansadded up to: “They were shocked to realize that their living expenses totaledmore than $3,000 each month.” The phrasal verb “to total up” means to reach aparticular sum, or add many numbers together: “If you total up all the figures,you’ll see that our sales numbers have actually increased over the past threemonths.” Finally, the phrase “the sum total of” is used to describe the entireamount of something: “That little report is the sum total of everything you have toshow for the past month of work? What have you been doing with your time?”
fault
In this podcast, the word “fault” means having responsibility for something badthat happened, usually because one did something carelessly or without thinkingabout the consequences: “It’s your fault we have to file for bankruptcy9. If youhadn’t bought that new luxury car, we wouldn’t be in this situation.” Or, “Let’s let the judge decide who is at fault.” A “fault” is also a flaw10, or something that’swrong: “The speaker gave an impressive speech, but we found two faults in hisarguments.” Finally, the phrase “(something) to a fault” is used to describesomeone who has too much of a good quality, so that it actually becomes aproblem: “She’s generous to a fault, and because of that she has given most ofher money away and doesn’t have enough money to retire.”
______________CULTURE NOTEWhen people are in a car accident, safety is the most important thing. Beforedoing anything else, they should try to “ensure” (make sure something happensor is possible) the safety of all the people involved in the accident. If a car isburning, this means getting everyone away from the car. If a person is notbreathing, someone should “administer” (provide) “CPR” (cardiopulmonaryresuscitation; pushing on one’s chest and breathing into one’s mouth) and call “9-1-1” (an emergency number used to request ambulances, fire trucks, and policecars). If there are serious “injuries” (people being hurt) or deaths, the driversshould wait for the police to “arrive” (come) before doing anything else.
If everyone is safe, the next “priority” (the order in which things should be done)is to “pull the cars off the road” (move cars to the side of the road) so that “traffic”
(the movement of cars in the street) can continue to move along the street.
Next, the drivers should “exchange” insurance information, with each personinvolved in the accident, giving the other people the name of his or her insurancecompany, policy number, and telephone number. They may also want to takephotographs of the cars’ positions so that they can “document” (provide evidenceof) what happened when they “file” (officially submit a document) their insuranceclaim.
If the accident is not serious, sometimes the drivers will agree to “settle” (find asolution that satisfies both people) without contacting their insurance companies.
In this case, the driver who is at fault will agree to pay for the other car’sdamages without ever letting the insurance company know about the accident.
This keeps his or her “insurance premiums” (the money paid each month to haveinsurance) “down” (minimal; without increasing).
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Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – a; 2 – c
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT11
Welcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 571: AssigningBlame in a Car Accident.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode12 571. I’m your host, Dr.
Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.
Go to our website at eslpod.com and support this podcast by becoming an ESLPodcast member, where you will improve your English even faster by using ourLearning Guides for each episode.
This episode is called “Assigning Blame in a Car Accident.” “Blame” is who didsomething wrong. So figuring out – determining – who did something wrongwhen two cars have an accident. Let’s get started.
[start of dialogue]
Tarik: Are you okay?
Stacey: Yeah, I think so. I’m just a little shaken up, but look at my car!
Tarik: Mine is in pretty bad shape, too. Good thing, though, it wasn’t totaled.
Stacey: Okay, let’s exchange insurance information, so we can both get out ofhere.
Tarik: Right. I’ll put in a claim today and your insurance should pay to repairboth of our cars.
Stacey: What? This accident wasn’t my fault. You crashed into me! You rearended me!
Tarik: That’s only because you swerved13 in front of me and slammed on yourbrakes!
Stacey: I did no such thing. I changed lanes and you began tailgating me.
That’s why you rear ended me. I’m not to blame here.
Tarik: That’s your account of what happened, and it doesn’t jibe with mine. I saywe each call our respective insurance companies and let them battle it out.
Stacey: Fine. There’s no point in arguing with someone who won’t own up to hismistakes.
Tarik: Those are my thoughts exactly.
[end of dialogue]
Tarik and Stacey had a “car accident,” one car hit the other. Tarik begins, afterhe gets out of the car I guess, by asking Stacey, “Are you okay?” meaningphysically. Stacey says, “Yeah, I think so. I’m just a little shaken up, but look atmy car!” “To be shaken (shaken) up” means to be shocked, scared, a littleconfused especially after something very traumatic, something that may causeyou pain either emotional or physical. In this case, it was the car accident thatshook up Stacey. The phrasal verb is “to shake up.”
Stacey is worried about her car. Tarik says, “Mine (meaning my car) is in prettybad shape, too,” meaning very bad shape, very damaged. Tarik says, “Goodthing, though, it wasn’t totaled.” Notice he doesn’t say “It is a good thing,” heuses a sentence form here that isn’t necessarily completely grammatical14 but isquite common normal conversation, especially with this phrase “good thing.”
“Good thing you’re okay,” that means it is a good thing that you are okay. Tariksays, “Good thing, it (his car) wasn’t totaled.” When you “total your car” youcompletely destroy it, usually by accident – we hope! “Total” has a number ofdifferent meanings that are different than that; you can find those, or at leastsome of them, in the Learning Guide.
When you have a car accident in the United States, many times people will callthe police. However if it’s not a serious accident, that isn’t always necessary.
Instead, people will give each other their contact information, especially theirinsurance information. So Stacey says, “Okay, let’s exchange insuranceinformation, so we can both get out of here (we can both leave).” “Insurance” iswhen you pay a small amount of money to a company each month or each year,and then if something bad happens to you, like a car accident, they will pay to fixyour car. Stacey and Tarik exchange this information; she gives her informationto him, he gives his information to her.
Tarik says, “Right. I’ll put in a claim today and your insurance should pay torepair both of our cars.” Now, this is where the problem starts. When you have a car accident, you should not argue with the other person. It doesn’t matter whatyou think or what the other person thinks, it matters what the insurance companythinks. If you have two different insurance companies – Tarik has one, Staceyhas another – then the person who is to blame – that is, the person you causedthe accident; we would also say who is “at fault” – their insurance company hasto pay to fix the other car, as well as the car of their insured customer. Tarik issaying that Stacey caused the accident because he’s saying that her insuranceshould pay to repair both of their cars. In order to get the insurance company topay for the damage in an accident, you have to put in a “claim” (claim). Thatmeans you have to send them documents – pieces of paper – requesting apayment – requesting that they pay you.
Stacey says, “What? This accident wasn’t my fault.” “Fault,” here, meansresponsibility. “Fault” has a number of other meanings, and those are in theLearning Guide. Stacey is saying that the accident, the fact that the two cars hiteach other – crashed into each other – was not her fault. Stacey says, “Youcrashed into me!” “To crash into” means to hit someone while you’re moving at ahigh speed. So, a car could crash into a tree if it’s going very fast. Stacey saysthat Tarik crashed into her car, so it’s his fault. She says, “You rear ended me!”
“To rear (rear) end (someone)” is a two-word phrasal verb meaning when one carhits the back of another car, usually because that car was too close – wastraveling too close – and so they did not stop in time – they did not stop beforethey hit the other car. That’s to rear end someone. It’s always used in talkingabout cars, typically.
Tarik says, arguing now with Stacey, “That’s only because you swerved in frontof me and slammed on your brakes!” “To swerve” (swerve) means to turnsharply, quickly, and suddenly to try to avoid hitting something else. So you’re inyour car and you’re driving down the road and you see a cat in front of you, youmight swerve so that you don’t hit the cat. I might not! But you will probablyswerve; you will move your car quickly to the left or to the right. Tarik is sayingthat Stacey swerved in front of him – in front of his car, and then she slammed onher brakes. “To slam (slam) on your brakes (or the brakes)” means to stop yourcar suddenly, very, we might say, abruptly. Your “brakes” are the part of the carthat stops the wheels from moving, and you have a little thing in the front of yourcar by your foot called a “brake pedal” (pedal) that you step on – you press – inorder to stop the car. “To slam on your brakes” means to do that suddenly,quickly. That’s what Stacey did according to Tarik, and therefore Tarik didn’thave a chance to stop after she did this, because it was so sudden.
Stacey says, “I did no such thing (meaning I didn’t do anything like that). Ichanged lanes and you began tailgating me.” The parts of the road where youdrive are called the “lanes.” Usually in a big street there are two lanes going inone direction and two lanes in another direction, so there are two rows of cars.
What Stacey is saying is that Stacey changed lanes – moved from the right lane,let’s say, to the left lane – and Tarik began tailgating Stacey. “To tailgate”
(tailgate – one word) means to follow closely behind another car, to be too closeto the car in front of you. Stacey says, “That’s why you rear ended me. I’m notto blame here,” I’m not the one who is at fault.
Tarik says, “That’s your account (that’s your version; your story) of whathappened, and it doesn’t jibe (jibe) with mine (with my story).” “To jibe” means tomatch, so that it’s the same information. Here they have two different stories;they don’t jibe. “I say we each call our respective insurance companies and letthem battle it out.” “Respective” means you call your company and I’ll call mycompany; it’s what belongs to you and what belongs to me. “Respective”
belongs to a certain person, so: “The children after school go home to theirrespective houses,” the ones that are theirs. Tarik says we’ll let the insurancecompanies battle it out. This expression, “to battle it out,” means to argue or tofight over something, usually for a long period of time. To battle it out – to have along argument or fight.
Stacey says, “Fine. There’s no point in arguing with someone (there’s no reasonto argue with someone) who won’t own up to his mistakes.” “To own up” meansto admit that you are responsible, that you are wrong; you say yes, that was myfault, I am to blame. So, Stacey is saying that Tarik will not own up to hismistakes, the things he did wrong. Tarik, of course, thinks that Stacey is in thesame situation; she won’t own up to her mistakes.
Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.
[start of dialogue]
Tarik: Are you okay?
Stacey: Yeah, I think so. I’m just a little shaken up, but look at my car!
Tarik: Mine is in pretty bad shape, too. Good thing, though, it wasn’t totaled.
Stacey: Okay, let’s exchange insurance information, so we can both get out ofhere.
Tarik: Right. I’ll put in a claim today and your insurance should pay to repairboth of our cars.
Stacey: What? This accident wasn’t my fault. You crashed into me! You rearended me!
Tarik: That’s only because you swerved in front of me and slammed on yourbrakes!
Stacey: I did no such thing. I changed lanes and you began tailgating me.
That’s why you rear ended me. I’m not to blame here.
Tarik: That’s your account of what happened, and it doesn’t jibe with mine. I saywe each call our respective insurance companies and let them battle it out.
Stacey: Fine. There’s no point in arguing with someone who won’t own up to hismistakes.
Tarik: Those are my thoughts exactly.
[end of dialogue]
I hope my explanation of today’s dialogue jibes15 with the ideas of the person whowrote it, Dr. Lucy Tse.
From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. Comeback and listen to us next time on ESL Podcast.
English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse,hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan, copyright 2010 by the Center for EducationalDevelopment.
收听单词发音 |
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glossary
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| n.注释词表；术语汇编 | |
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rear
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| vt.抚养，饲养；n.后部，后面 | |
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swerve
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| v.突然转向，背离；n．转向，弯曲，背离 | |
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sharply
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| adj.锐利地，急速；adv.严厉地，鲜明地 | |
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abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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pedal
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| n.踏板；adj.脚的，踏脚的；v.用脚踏动，踩踏板 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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jibe
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| v.嘲笑，与...一致，使转向；n.嘲笑，嘲弄 | |
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9
bankruptcy
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| n.破产；无偿付能力 | |
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flaw
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| n.缺陷，瑕疵，裂缝；vt.使有缺陷，损害 | |
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11
transcript
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| n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书 | |
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episode
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| n.（作品的一段）情节，插曲，系列事件中之一 | |
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13
swerved
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| v.（使）改变方向，改变目的( swerve的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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grammatical
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| adj.语法的，符合语法规则的 | |
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jibes
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| n.与…一致( jibe的名词复数 )；（与…）相符；相匹配v.与…一致( jibe的第三人称单数 )；（与…）相符；相匹配 | |
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