2023年经济学人 拜登禁止进口俄罗斯石油

拜登禁止进口俄罗斯石油

    The world this week--Politics

    本周国际要闻--政治

    President Joe Biden banned the import of Russian oil, gas and coal to the United States.

    美国总统拜登禁止进口俄罗斯石油、天然气和煤炭。

    Britain said it would phase out Russian oil imports by the end of the year.

    英国表示，将在今年年底前逐步停止从俄罗斯进口石油。

    The EU, which is more dependent on Russian fuel, moved to reduce Russian gas imports by two-thirds.

    更依赖俄罗斯燃料的欧盟已采取行动，将俄罗斯天然气进口减少了三分之二。

    Russia warned it may retaliate¹ by switching off its main gas pipeline² to Europe.

    俄罗斯警告称可能会通过切断其通往欧洲的天然气主管进行报复。

    Other countries sent weapons to help Ukraine defend itself, including anti-aircraft and anti-tank rockets.

    其他国家也向乌克兰提供了包括防空火箭和反坦克火箭在内的武器来帮助该国自卫。

    Poland and America disagreed publicly over the supply of fighter jets.

    波兰与美国将战斗机供应的不同意见公开化。

    America had suggested that Poland send some of its old MIGs.

    美国曾建议波兰派送一些旧米格战机。

    Poland offered instead to give them to America so that it could hand them over to Ukraine.

    而波兰提出把战机先移交给美国，这样美国就可以把这些战机移交给乌克兰。

    America said this would risk dragging NATO into a direct conflict with Russia.

    美国表示，这可能会将北约拖入与俄罗斯的直接冲突中。

    Mr Putin cranked up repression³ at home.

    普京在国内加大了镇压力度。

    Anyone in Russia who calls his war a war risks 15 years in jail.

    在俄罗斯，任何把他发起的战争称为战争的人都有可能被判15年监禁。

    The last independent TV channel and radio station were closed.

    关闭了最后一个独立的电视频道和广播电台。

    Even so, anti-war protests erupted in several cities.

    即便如此，几个城市还是爆发了反战抗议活动。

    Thousands of protesters have been arrested; many were beaten and abused.

    数千名抗议者被捕; 许多抗议者遭到殴打与辱骂。

    Polls suggested that fewer Russians now believe Mr Putin’s story that he is protecting Ukrainians from a “Nazi” regime.

    民调显示，如今越来越少的俄罗斯人相信普京的说法，即他是在保护乌克兰人免受“纳粹”政权的伤害。

    Support for the war fell sharply as real news seeped⁴ into Russia via the internet.

    随着真实的消息通过互联网渗透到俄罗斯，对这场战争的支持率急剧下降。

    The White House’s top adviser⁵ on Latin America met Venezuela’s dictator, Nicolas Maduro.

    白宫拉美事务高级顾问会见了委内瑞拉独裁者尼古拉斯·马杜罗。

    It was the first high-level meeting between the two governments in years.

    这是两国政府多年来的首次高层会晤。

    America imposed sanctions on Venezuelan oil in 2019.

    美国于2019年对委内瑞拉石油实施制裁。

    It now wants to loosen Venezuela’s alliance with Russia and explore conditions under which it might buy oil from Venezuela to offset⁶ the boycott⁷ of Russian exports.

    现在，美国想要弱化委内瑞拉与俄罗斯的亲密关系，并探索可能从委内瑞拉买进石油的条件，以补偿对俄罗斯出口石油的抵制。

    Venezuela released two imprisoned⁸ Americans.

    委内瑞拉释放了两名被监禁的美国人。

    Britain, France and Germany, which have been negotiating, along with America, China and Russia to revive a deal that would curb⁹ Iran’s nuclear ambitions, urged Russia not to add conditions that would make it harder to clinch¹⁰ an accord, which is said to be close.

    英国、法国与德国一直在与美国、中国和俄罗斯协商重启遏制伊朗核野心的协议。英、法、德三国敦促俄罗斯不要增加使达成协议变得更加困难的条件，据说协议已经接近达成。

    Russia wants to include a clause that would exempt¹¹ its trade with Iran from sanctions.

    俄罗斯希望加入一项条款，使其与伊朗的贸易免受制裁。

    Guatemala’s Congress passed a law to increase the jail sentence for women who have abortions¹², unless their lives are in danger, from three years to ten.

    危地马拉国会通过一项法律，除非堕胎女性的生命受到威胁，否则她们的监禁刑期会从三年增加到十年。

    The law also stops schools from teaching that gay sex is “normal”.

    这项法律还禁止学校教授同性性行为是“正常的”。

    A human-rights ombudsman said it was unconstitutional.

    一位人权监察专员表示这违反了宪法。

    Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, said that a visit by his Israeli counterpart, Isaac Herzog, had marked a turn for the better in relations between the countries.

    土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安表示，以色列总统艾萨克·赫尔佐格的访问标志着两国关系的好转。

    Turkey, he said, was ready to co-operate with Israel over energy.

    他表示，土耳其准备与以色列进行能源合作。

    Yoon Suk-yeol, a conservative opposition¹³ candidate, won South Korea’s presidential election, narrowly beating the ruling party’s Lee Jae-myung.

    反对派保守党候选人尹锡烈以微弱优势击败执政党候选人李在明，赢得韩国总统大选。

    Results from the count in five state elections in India showed that the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party will retain control of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous¹⁴ state.

    印度五个邦的选举计票结果显示，执政的印度人民党将继续控制人口最多的北方邦。

    But the Aam Aadmi Party, which opposes corruption¹⁵, won an upset victory in Punjab.

    但是反对腐败的平民党在旁遮普邦意外获胜。

1 retaliate   

v.报复，反击

参考例句：

• He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。
• It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。

2 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

3 repression   

n.镇压，抑制，抑压

参考例句：

• The repression of your true feelings is harmful to your health.压抑你的真实感情有害健康。
• This touched off a new storm against violent repression.这引起了反对暴力镇压的新风暴。

4 seeped   

v.（液体）渗( seep的过去式和过去分词 )；渗透；渗出；漏出

参考例句：

• The rain seeped through the roof. 雨水透过房顶渗透。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Icy air seeped in through the paper and the room became cold. 寒气透过了糊窗纸。屋里骤然冷起来。 来自汉英文学 - 家（1-26） - 家（1-26）

5 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

6 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

7 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

8 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

9 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

10 clinch   

v.敲弯，钉牢；确定；扭住对方 [参]clench

参考例句：

• Clinch the boards together.用钉子把木板钉牢在一起。
• We don't accept us dollars,please Swiss francs to clinch a deal business.我方不收美元，请最好用瑞士法郎来成交生意。

11 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。

12 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

13 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

14 populous   

adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的

参考例句：

• London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
• China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。

15 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。