2023年经济学人 美司法部状告谷歌案开庭

美司法部状告谷歌案开庭

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    Google went on trial in Washington, in the biggest antitrust case brought against a tech company since Microsoft’s trial in 1998.

    谷歌在华盛顿受审，这是自1998年微软受审以来最大的一起针对科技公司的反垄断案件。

    In its opening statement the Department of Justice said that Google had illegally sought to maintain its monopoly in internet search, giving it a 90% share of the market, and asked whether Google “will ever face meaningful competition”.

    美国司法部在其开庭声明中表示，谷歌非法寻求维持其在互联网搜索领域的垄断地位，使其占据了90%的市场份额。美国司法部还询问谷歌“是否会面临有意义的竞争”。

    It accused Google of striking deals with internet and phone companies to display its search engine prominently.

    美国司法部指责谷歌为突出展示其搜索引擎，与互联网和电话公司达成协议。

    Google denies wrongdoing, and argues that “forcing people to use inferior products” does not constitute competition.

    谷歌否认有不当行为，并辩称“强迫人们使用劣质产品”不构成竞争。

    The trial is expected to last ten weeks.

    此次审判预计将持续10周。

    Apple launched the iPhone 15.

    苹果发布了iPhone 15。

    The new device replaces Apple’s Lightning connector with USB-C, a change forced on Apple by the European Union, which has ruled that all phones must use the standard port.

    这款新设备用USB-C取代了苹果的Lightning接口，这是欧盟强制苹果公司做出的改变，欧盟规定所有手机都必须使用标准接口。

    People who buy the 15 will have to ditch their Lightning accessories, such as speaker docks, but the new phone will be able to connect to a wider range of devices using USB-C.

    iPhone 15的购买者将不得不放弃Lightning配件，比如扬声器底座，但这部新手机将能够使用USB-C连接更广泛的设备。

    Arm priced its IPO at $51 a share, the top end of its price range, just ahead of its debut¹ on the Nasdaq exchange.

    Arm将其首次公开募股(IPO)定价为每股51美元，位于其价格区间的高端，略高于其在纳斯达克交易所的首次公开募股价格。

    The eagerly awaited share offering of the British chip designer was heavily oversubscribed.

    这家英国芯片设计公司备受期待的股票发行获得了严重超额认购。

    Meanwhile Instacart said it hoped to price its shares in another hotly anticipated tech IPO at a range of between $26 to $28.

    与此同时， Instacart表示，希望在另一家备受期待的科技公司的首次公开募股中，将其股票定价在26美元至28美元之间。

    The online-groceries firm is aiming for a valuation of $9.3bn, far below the $39bn it was said to be worth in 2021.

    这家在线杂货公司的目标估值为93亿美元，远低于2021年所说的390亿美元估值。

    The president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, announced that the commission would investigate subsidies² given to Chinese makers³ of electric vehicles, which have “flooded” global markets.

    欧盟委员会主席乌苏拉·冯德莱恩宣布，该委员会将调查给予中国电动汽车制造商的补贴，这些补贴已经“涌入”了全球市场。

    European manufacturers of EVs were being undercut by state subsidies in China, she said.

    她表示，欧洲电动汽车制造商正受到中国政府补贴的折扣汽车的影响。

    Chinese carmakers, such as BYD, have overtaken their American and European rivals in bringing cheaper EVs to market, and are expanding rapidly overseas as a consequence.

    比亚迪等中国汽车制造商在向市场推出更便宜的电动汽车方面，已经超过了美国和欧洲的竞争对手，并得以在海外迅速扩张。

    Bernard Looney abruptly⁴ resigned as chief executive of BP.

    伯纳德·鲁尼突然辞去英国石油公司首席执行官一职。

    The energy giant said it was reviewing fresh claims of Mr Looney’s conduct in personal relationships with colleagues, and that he had not been fully⁵ transparent⁶ in previous disclosures.

    这家能源巨头表示，正在就鲁尼与同事个人关系行为的最新指控展开调查，并表示鲁尼在之前的信息披露中不够透明。

    Mr Looney became CEO in 2020, boosting BP’s commitment to renewables with an aim to reach net-zero emissions⁷ by 2050.

    鲁尼于2020年出任首席执行官，推动了英国石油公司对可再生能源的承诺，目标是到2050年实现净零排放。

    His departure comes amid mounting scepticism among green investors⁸ about BP’s pledges.

    在他离职之际，绿色投资者对英国石油公司的承诺越来越怀疑。

    The British government’s latest auction⁹ of contracts for offshore-wind projects failed to win a single bid.

    英国政府最近的海上风电项目合同拍卖未能获得一次中标。

    Although the government increased the amount of subsidy¹⁰ available, contractors¹¹ claimed it was not enough to offset¹² their spiralling costs.

    尽管英国政府增加了可用的补贴金额，但承包商声称这不足以抵消他们不断上升的成本。

1 debut   

n.首次演出，初次露面

参考例句：

• That same year he made his Broadway debut, playing a suave radio journalist.在那同一年里，他初次在百老汇登台，扮演一个温文而雅的电台记者。
• The actress made her debut in the new comedy.这位演员在那出新喜剧中首次登台演出。

2 subsidies   

n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。
• Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 abruptly   

adv.突然地，出其不意地

参考例句：

• He gestured abruptly for Virginia to get in the car.他粗鲁地示意弗吉尼亚上车。
• I was abruptly notified that a half-hour speech was expected of me.我突然被通知要讲半个小时的话。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 transparent   

adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的

参考例句：

• The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明，可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
• The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。

7 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

8 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

9 auction   

n.拍卖；拍卖会；vt.拍卖

参考例句：

• They've put the contents of their house up for auction.他们把房子里的东西全都拿去拍卖了。
• They bought a new minibus with the proceeds from the auction.他们用拍卖得来的钱买了一辆新面包车。

10 subsidy   

n.补助金，津贴

参考例句：

• The university will receive a subsidy for research in artificial intelligence.那个大学将得到一笔人工智能研究的补助费。
• The living subsidy for senior expert's family is included in the remuneration.报酬已包含高级专家家人的生活补贴。

11 contractors   

n.（建筑、监造中的）承包人( contractor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到3个承包商的报价后，接受了最低的报价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Contractors winning construction jobs had to kick back 2 per cent of the contract price to the mafia. 赢得建筑工作的承包商得抽出合同价格的百分之二的回扣给黑手党。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。