2023年经济学人 利比亚洪灾造成5300多人遇难

利比亚洪灾造成5300多人遇难

    The world this week--Politics

    本周国际要闻--政治

    More than 5,300 people died and many thousands more were missing after floods burst two dams and swept through the Libyan port city of Derna.

    洪水冲垮了两座大坝，席卷了利比亚港口城市德尔纳，造成5300多人死亡，数千人失踪。

    Entire neighbourhoods were wiped out.

    整个邻近区域都被摧毁了。

    Earlier, another disaster struck north Africa when Morocco was hit by its worst earthquake in more than a century near the city of Marrakesh. At least 2,900 have been killed.

    早些时候，另一场灾难袭击了北非，摩洛哥马拉喀什市附近发生了一个多世纪以来最严重的地震。至少2900人遇难。

    The government has rejected or ignored some international offers of aid.

    摩洛哥政府拒绝、忽视了国际社会提供的一些援助。

    For the first time in its history all 15 of Israel’s Supreme¹ Court justices convened² for a case.

    15名以色列最高法院大法官共同开会审理一起案件，这在该国历史上尚属首次。

    They began hearing petitions against a law passed in July that dramatically limits the powers of the judiciary.

    他们开始听取有关反对7月份通过的一项法律的请愿书，该法律极大地限制了司法机关的权力。

    America waived³ sanctions on certain banks to allow the transfer of $6bn in frozen funds to Iran from South Korea as part of a prisoner-exchange deal.

    作为美伊囚犯交换协议的一部分，美国放弃了对某些银行的制裁，允许将60亿美元冻结资金从韩国转移到伊朗。

    Antony Blinken, America’s secretary of state, said that five Americans held by Iran would be released.

    美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯表示，五名被伊朗扣押的美国人将被释放。

    Iran can only use the money for humanitarian⁴ purposes.

    伊朗只能将这笔资金用于人道主义目的。

    Armed secessionist groups in northern Mali attacked posts controlled by the army and Wagner, a Russian mercenary group, leaving a peace deal signed in 2015 in tatters.

    马里北部的武装分裂组织袭击了由马里军方和俄罗斯雇佣军组织瓦格纳控制的哨所，使2015年签署的和平协议功亏一篑。

    The junta⁵ running Mali has ordered UN peacekeepers to leave the country by the end of the year and recently sent troops and mercenaries into the UN’s evacuated⁶ bases.

    统治马里的军政府命令联合国维和部队在今年年底前离开马里，最近军政府还派遣军队和雇佣兵进入联合国撤离的基地。

    Mangosuthu Buthelezi, a powerful and controversial figure in the years leading to the end of apartheid in South Africa, died at the age of 95.

    曼戈苏苏·布特莱齐去世，享年95岁。在南非种族隔离制度结束前的几年里，他是一位颇具权势且充满争议的人物。

    Mr Buthelezi, the great-grandson of King Cetshwayo, who inflicted⁷ a stinging military defeat on the British in the late 19th century, stoked up Zulu nationalism and ethnic⁸ conflict that led to thousands of deaths in the 1980s and 1990s.

    布特莱齐是祖鲁国王开芝瓦约的曾孙，开芝瓦约在19世纪末使英国人遭受了惨痛的军事失败，而布特莱齐煽动祖鲁民族主义和种族冲突，导致上世纪80年代和90年代数千人死亡。

    Bernardo Arevalo, Guatemala’s president-elect, suspended the transition to his inauguration⁹ in January, in protest at a raid on the electoral commission by agents of the attorney-general’s office, who photographed ballots¹⁰.

    危地马拉候任总统贝尔纳多·阿雷瓦洛暂停参与1月就职典礼的过渡，以抗议总检察长办公室代理人对选举委员会的突袭，这些代理人拍摄了选票。

    Mr Arevalo, an anti-establishment candidate, was the surprise winner of August’s election.

    阿雷瓦洛是一位反建制候选人，他在8月选举中意外获胜。

    Chile commemorated¹¹ the 50th anniversary of a coup¹² that overthrew¹³ the elected government of Salvador Allende, a socialist¹⁴, and led to 17 years of rule by Augusto Pinochet, a right-wing dictator.

    智利纪念政变50周年，这场政变推翻了社会主义者萨尔瓦多·阿连德的民选政府，并导致右翼独裁者奥古斯托·皮诺切特统治了17年。

    The regime murdered several thousand people and tortured at least 30,000.

    这个政权杀害了数千人，折磨了至少3万人。

    The area of Colombia planted with coca bushes rose by 13% in 2022 to reach a record high, according to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.

    根据联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室的数据，哥伦比亚种植古柯树的面积在2022年增加了13%，达到了创纪录的水平。

    Colombia’s left-wing president, Gustavo Petro, is a critic of the “war on drugs” led by America.

    哥伦比亚左翼总统古斯塔沃·彼得罗是美国领导的“禁毒战争”的批评者。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 convened   

召开( convene的过去式 )； 召集； （为正式会议而）聚集； 集合

参考例句：

• The chairman convened the committee to put the issue to a vote. 主席召集委员们开会对这个问题进行表决。
• The governor convened his troops to put down the revolt. 总督召集他的部队去镇压叛乱。

3 waived   

v.宣布放弃( waive的过去式和过去分词 )；搁置；推迟；放弃（权利、要求等）

参考例句：

• He has waived all claim to the money. 他放弃了索取这笔钱的权利。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I waived the discourse, and began to talk of my business. 我撇开了这个话题，开始讲我的事情。 来自辞典例句

4 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

5 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

6 evacuated   

撤退者的

参考例句：

• Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
• The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。

7 inflicted   

把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。
• Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。

8 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

9 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

10 ballots   

n.投票表决( ballot的名词复数 )；选举；选票；投票总数v.（使）投票表决( ballot的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• They're counting the ballots. 他们正在计算选票。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The news of rigged ballots has rubbed off much of the shine of their election victory. 他们操纵选票的消息使他们在选举中获得的胜利大为减色。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 commemorated   

v.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Lincoln commemorated the soldiers killed in the battle in his address. 林肯在演说中表扬阵亡将士。 来自辞典例句
• You'll be commemorated for killing a spy, and be specially discharged. 你们每杀一个间谍将会被记录到特殊档案。 来自电影对白

12 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

13 overthrew   

overthrow的过去式

参考例句：

• The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。
• They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。

14 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。